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Middle School Student’s Conceptual Change from Geocentricism to Heliocentricism Using Science History Materials  

Choi Jin-Hee (Chonchon Middle School)
Kim Hee-Soo (Department of Earth Science Education, College of Education, Kongju National University)
Chung Jung-In (Department of Science Edcuation, Cheongju National University of Education)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean earth science society / v.26, no.6, 2005 , pp. 489-500 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the cognitive process that undergoes a middle student’s conceptual change about the universe by the cognitive conflict, using science history materials as a teaching strategy. Four eighth graders were selected and classified by three cognitive level. Students were interviewed and conducted to an inquiry activities regarding their viewpoint about the universe after each class, and their conceptual change patterns were analysed from pre-test and post-test. This study showed that each student held dissimilar astronomical preconceptions and various misconceptions about celestial motion. Students at the formal operational stage and transitional stage experienced the conceptual change from geocentricism to heliocentricism by instructional model upon the science history materials. Student at the concrete operational stage had either unscientific conception, no conception, or could not have a conceptual change even when being presented with an environment that arouses cognitive conflict ($R^2$: Phase change of Venus and its Rise and set time). They ended up having a cognitive change from geocentricism to heliocentricism by solving another problem ($R^2$: Relation between visible diameter and position of Mars). After the instruction, a conceptual achievement progress was reported with a $10\%$ improvement. Therefore, the instruction model based upon science history was effective on student’s scientific conceptual change.
Keywords
science history; viewpoint on the universe; heliocentricism; geocentricism; cognitive conflict; misconception; conceptual change;
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