• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.189-194
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• 2009

Transfer impedance is one of the most critical factors decreasing the competitive power of public transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to improve transfer impedance of KTX and rail station users in order to increase the usage of public transportation. Important factors influencing transfer decisions include exterior walking distance, interior walking distance, steps, and escalators. However, their comparative impedances are different. This study constructed a model for calculating transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in KTX and rail stations and calculated transfer impedance on major KTX and rail stations in Korea. The study results show that the addition of one escalator decreases travel time by one to three minutes. The calculated transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in this study can be utilized as objective criteria to compare transfer conditions of different KTX and rail stations and to prioritize them for facility improvement. The calculated transfer impedance also can be used as facility guidelines for designing a new transit center.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.173-186
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• 2003

Distributed Denial-of-Service(DDoS) attack prevent users from accessing services on the target network by spoofing its origin source address with a large volume of traffic. The objective of IP Traceback is to determine the real attack sources, as well as the full path taken by the attack packets. Existing IP Traceback methods can be categorized as proactive or reactive dating. Proactive tracing(such as packet marking and messaging) prepares information for tracing when packets are in transit. Reactive tracing starts tracing after an attack is detected. In this paper, we propose a 'advanced ICW Traceback' mechanism, which is based on the modified pushback system with secure router mechanism. Proposed mechanism can detect and control DDoS traffic on router and can generate ICMP Traceback message for reconstructing origin attack source, by which we can diminish network overload and enhance Traceback performance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.2D
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• pp.99-103
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• 2010

It is necessary to improve transfer impedance of express bus terminal users in order to increase the usage of public transportation. This study constructed a model for calculating transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in express bus terminal and calculated transfer impedance on major express bus terminals in Korea. The study results show that the addition of 100 meter exterior walking distance increases 3 minute travel time, 100 meter interior walking distance increases 5 minute travel time, 100 stairways increase 13 minute travel time, and escalators decreases 3 minute travel time. The calculated transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in this study can be utilized as objective criteria to compare transfer conditions of different bus terminals and to prioritize them for facility improvement. The calculated transfer impedance also can be used as facility guidelines for designing a new transit center.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1D
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• pp.11-15
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• 2010

It is necessary to improve transfer impedance of Urban Rail Station station users in order to increase the usage of public transportation. This study constructed a model for calculating transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in Urban Rail Station stations and calculated transfer impedance on major Urban Rail Station stations in Korea. The study results show that the addition of 100 meter exterior walking distance increases 2 minute travel time, 100 meter interior walking distance increases 3 minute travel time, 100 stairways increase 4 minute travel time, and escalators decreases 1 minute travel time. The calculated transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in this study can be utilized as objective criteria to compare transfer conditions of different Urban Rail Station stations and to prioritize them for facility improvement. The calculated transfer impedance also can be used as facility guidelines for designing a new transit center.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.647-662
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• 2015

This study analyzes the factors that influence the number of public transportation passengers. By comparing the major TOD planning elements such as mixed-use level, job-housing proximity level, comparison of the density and pure density in the 66-autonomous city townships through a comparison such as TOD plan element achievements and indicators are chosen. A model is derived by correlation analysis and regression analysis of the parameters. The result of the regression analysis of the station influence area (SIA) in Incheon, the parameters that effect the number of passengers of public transportation are the number of employees, population, number of bus stops in the SIA, and the distance between the bus stop and the subway entrance. Therefore, as the number of employees and the resident population increase, the volume of traffic increases. Also, the number of public transportation users increases when there are more bus stops and when the distance between the bus stop and the subway entrance is short. This study shows that subways and SIA has achieved many parts of the TOD in Incheon, because the SIA around 29 subways and 11 Seoul-Incheon trail stations already included important TOD planning elements.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

Recently, life-logging service which has expanded to measure and record the daily life of the users and to share with others are increasing. In particular, as life-logging services based on the application has become popular with the development of wearable-devices and smart-phones, the contents of this service are produced by user behavior and are provided in infographic menu form. The purpose of this paper is to extract user behavior and classify for making contents items of life-logging service. For this paper, the first of all, we discuss the definition and characteristics of life-logging and research the contents based on user behavior related to life-logging by the publications including thesis, articles, and books. Secondly, we extract and classify the user behavior to build the contents for life-logging service. We gather users' action words from publication materials, researches, and contents of existing life-logging service. And then collected words are analyzed by FGI (Focus Group Interview) and survey. As the result, 39 words which suit for contents of life-logging service are extracted by verify suitability. Finally, the extracted 39 words are classified for 19 categories -'Eat', 'Keep house', 'Diet', 'Travel', 'Work out', 'Transit', 'Shoot', 'Meet', 'Feel', 'Talk', 'Care for', 'Drive', 'Listen', 'Go online', 'Sleep', 'Go', 'Work', 'Learn', 'Watch' - which are suggested by the surveys, statistical analysis, and FGI. We will discuss the role and limitations of this results to build contents configuration based on life-logging application in this study.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.146-164
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• 2022

Recently, the Korean government promoted the construction of metropolitan express subway to connect major transportation hub in the metropolitan area within 30 minutes. Most stations of the metropolitan express subway are connected to existing subway stations, so the importance of transfer increased. Although many studies have been conducted on the effect of transfer penalty on route choice, there are few studies on the transfer behavior of the metropolitan express subway. Therefore, in this study, a transfer behavior analysis was conducted on the Shinbundang Line, a representative metropolitan express subway. To analyze the transfer behavior according to the degree of traffic congestion and the presence of fare payment, route choice models were made using transport card data divided according to week, time, and user characteristics. As a result of the analysis, users of the metropolitan express subway had greater disutility to the transfer waiting time compared to the transfer moving time. Furthermore, especially during the peak time, EIVM(Equivalent in-vehicle minutes) of the transfer waiting time was 3.51. In this study, EIVM for metropolitan express subway users were analyzed to be 2.6 minutes, which is significantly lower than the results of previous studies on subways. This suggests that there is a difference in the transfer penalty between subways and metropolitan express subway, and that it is necessary to apply the transfer penalty between subways and express subway differently when forecasting subway traffic demand.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2024

In this study, the differences in user satisfaction and the variables influencing the satisfaction with demand response transport (DRT) by travel purpose were compared. The purpose of DRT travel was divided into commuting/school and shopping/leisure travel. A survey conducted on 'Shucle' users in Sejong City was used for the analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was applied to minimize the overfitting problems of the multilinear model. The results of the analysis confirmed the possibility that the introduction of the DRT service could eliminate the blind spot in the existing public transportation, reduce the use of private cars, encourage low-carbon and public transportation revitalization policies, and provide optimal transportation services to people who exhibit intermittent travel behaviors (e.g., elderly people, housewives, etc.). In addition, factors such as the waiting time after calling a DRT, travel time after boarding the DRT, convenience of using the DRT app, punctuality of expected departure/arrival time, and location of pickup and drop-off points were the common factors that positively influenced the satisfaction of users of the DRT services during their commuting/school and shopping/leisure travel. Meanwhile, the method of transfer to other transport modes was found to affect satisfaction only in the case of commuting/school travel, but not in the case of shopping/leisure travel. To activate the DRT service, it is necessary to consider the five influencing factors analyzed above. In addition, the differentiating factors between commuting/school and shopping/leisure travel were also identified. In the case of commuting/school travel, people value time and consider it to be important, so it is necessary to promote the convenience of transfer to other transport modes to reduce the total travel time. Regarding shopping/leisure travel, it is necessary to consider ways to create a facility that allows users to easily and conveniently designate the location of the pickup and drop-off point.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1701-1708
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• 2011

A typical day in the subway transportation is used by hundreds of thousands are also concerned about the safety of the various workrooms with high underground fire or other less than in the subway users could be damaging even to be raised and there. In 2010, in fact, room air through vents in the fire because smoke and toxic gas accident victims, and train service suspended until such cases are often reported. In response to these incidents in subway stations, even if the latest IT technology, wireless sensor network technology and intelligent video surveillance technology by integrating fire and structural integrity, such as a comprehensive integrated surveillance system to monitor the development of intelligent urban transit system and are under study. In this study, prior to the application of the monitoring system into the field stations, authors carried out the ZigBee-based wireless sensor networks performance analyzation in the Chungmuro station. The test results at a communications room and ventilation room of the station are summarized and analyzed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.2447-2453
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• 2013

In this study, the effects of weather conditions such as rainfall, discomfort index, snowfall, and sensible temperature on public transport demand in Seoul were analyzed using statistical data. The reasons were also derived from the survey. The data for the analysis were collected over the weekdays and weekends, and seasonal data of summer and winter were also gathered separately. Rainfall amount, discomfort index, and sensible temperature except snowfall amount, whose samples were insufficient, decreased the public transport demand by 2-7%. Rainfall amount and sensible temperature were statistically significant. Correlation analysis also showed that rainfall amount and sensible temperature are highly correlated with the demand. To find the reasons, the survey was conducted on citizens living in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. About 30% of the respondents wished to give up using bus when rainfall was heavy or temperature was low. On the contrary, auto and subway users increased by 10%. The results of this study could be used as the basic data when the public transportation planning or operation related policies according to the weather condition are concerned.