• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.88-96
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• 2000

The objective of this study is to evaluate the preference and visual characteristic of users according to the location of benches at urban community parks. The types of benches are separated into four patterns and located in four representative places at urban community parks. Each relations between visual preference and adjective related factors are calibrated by the estimated results of Pearson correlation coefficient. Moreover, the factors which affect the visual preference are obtained by multiple regression analysis and to calibrate the each factors significant level, the method of multivariate variance analysis is applied. The results of this study are summzrized as belows: 1. Four types of factors which consist the visual characteristic are classified as emotional factor of visual images(aesthetic factor(F1), texture related factor(F2)) and physical factor(physical factor(F3), transformable factor(F4)). Each factor's eigenvalue is appears as 5.27∼1.78 and the eigenvalue of emotional factor of visual images is more higher than the physical factor. 2. The correlation coefficient between visual preference according to the location of benches(X21) and aesthetic factor(f1) is estimated as 0.79, which is highest value among the four factors. And the correlation coefficient of texture related factor(f2), physical factor(F3) and transformable factor(F4) is estimated as 0.14, 0.04 and 0.08 respectively. 3. The visual preference of users according to the location of benches is greatly affected by the emotional factor of visual images(F1, F2) and the physical factor(F3, F4) are poorly related. The results of this study suggest the effective guidelines for the location of leisure facilities. Moreover the design and planning of leisure facilities at the urban community park have to be reexamined. What must be examined from now on is as follows: First, the preference research of rest facilities in the urban park through the multiple approach must be carried out continuously. Second, the research about the visual quality of the environmental sight observed in sitting on the bench as well as the visual quality of the showed object and place needs to be supported. Nevertheless, through this study the utilization into the useful data of the plan and the design for the systematic disposition of landscape architecture equipments centered on the users can be expected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1016-1026
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to extract protypes from features and concrete images of Lotus and Crane patterns. A qualitative and a quantitative methods were used. Qualitative informations were obtained from depth Interviews for pattern selection and feature extraction, and quantitative informations from a quail-experiment for pattern caregorization. The subjects were 20 female design students and non-design, students in Teajon. The results were summerized into a similarity metrix which was interpreted by the cluster analysis and the multi-dimensional scling(MDS). The patterns for the study were grouped into 8 clusters. Four dimensions were chosen for the MDS. The location of each pattern was visualized in a 2-dimesional spaces and the location of each cluster in a 3-dimensional spaces. The first dimension, "Lotus" vs "Crane" refired to pattern types, and the second dimension, "realistic" vs "transformable", the transformability. The third dimension, "simple" vs "complex", refired to the degree of simplification, and the forth dimension, "continuous" vs "discontinuous", continuity. The results of the Quantitative analysis could be summerized into 3-level prototype hiararchy In the first level, the patterns were devided clearly into two groups. Lotus and Crane by pattern types. In the second levelk, each group was devided into twosubgroups by continuity. In the third, each subgroup was divided into four subgroups by transformability and the degree of simplification. Four protypes, the final targets of the present study, were extracted from the third level. The are Stylized, Realistic, Decorative, Abstract types.d from the third level. The are Stylized, Realistic, Decorative, Abstract types.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.240-248
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• 2017

This study compares general jacquard fabrics and jacquard fabrics with optical fiber on mechanical properties, sensibility and preference evaluation of fabric for the blind. The analysis also assesses the effect of optical fiber in the evaluation and identifies those best suited for consumers. The mechanical properties of jacquard fabrics were measured by the KES-FB system. Sensibility and the preference of the jacquard fabric for the blind were rated on tactile sensation by women experts in their 20's and 30's. It was found that the optical fiber in jacquard fabric affected the change of mechanical properties as well as sensibility and preference. Jacquard fabric with optical fiber were softer and more transformable, while the fabrics had lower recover property by shear force and compression as well as more violent unevenness. Jacquard fabrics were also classified into three hand factors of surface property, resilience and weightiness. There were significant differences on surface property perceptions and weightiness, hand and blind preferences by optical fiber. Jacquard fabrics that contained optical fiber were not preferred by the blind because they were perceived to be uneven and heavy. Those, that were smooth and light, were preferred for jacquard fabric; in addition, fabrics preferred by the blind had good compression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1280-1292
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• 2009

In the current fashion design, the 'environmental friendliness' affects the practically and conceptuality in all industry and culture sectors. This study seeks to examine specific design elements as the content of design factors in environment oriented fashion. The subjects of this paper are studied through scholarly journals that are confined to those from 1990 (when naturalism and ecology trends started to be in fashion) to February 2009. This study used 'Naturalism', 'Green', 'Environment-friendly', 'Eco', 'Sustainable', 'Well-being' and 'Lohas' as key words for the literature search. The analysis is performed through a content analysis and the unit of analysis is based upon the adjectives, nouns, and phrases related to the content of the design elements such as line, color, and textiles. In the results, more expression is natural, minimal, transformable, and sportive style in line, YR, white, soft, pale, and dull tone in color. The prominent textiles and texture were natural fabrics, environment-friendly fabrics, recycled fabrics, natural dyeing, functional finishes, rustic surfaces, flexibility, and extensibility. The results of this paper will help in future fashion design product development for environment-friendly fashion brands.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

With the increasing advances in Brassicaceae genetics and genomics, considerable progress has been made in the transformation of Brassicaceae. Transformation technologies are now being exploited routinely to determine the gene function and contribute to the development of novel enhanced crops. $Agrobacterium$-mediated transformation remains the most widely used approach for the introduction of transgenes into Brassicaceae. In $Brassica$, the transformation relies mainly on $in$ $vitro$ transformation methods. Nevertheless, despite the significant progress made towards enhancing the transformation efficiencies, some genotypes remain recalcitrant to transformation. Advances in our understanding of the genetics behind various transformations have enabled researchers to identify more readily transformable genotypes for use in routine high-throughput systems. These developments have opened up exciting new avenues to exploit model $Brassica$ genotypes as resources for understanding the gene function in complex genomes. Although many other Brassicaceae have served as model species for improving plant transformation systems, this paper summarizes on the recent technologies employed in the transformation of both $Arabidopsis$ and $Brassica$. The use of transformation technologies for the introduction of desirable traits and a comparative analysis of these as well as their future prospects are also important parts of the current research that is reviewed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.98-115
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• 2017

This study categorizes the formative aspects of dress and their implications according to the extent of revealing or concealing corporeality based on body perceptions. By considering the notion of dress as bodily practice to be a theoretical and methodological framework, this study combines a literature survey and case analysis to analyze and classify the forms of women's dress since the 1920s when contemporary fashion took hold. As examined in this study, the typology of dress was categorized as body-consciousness, deformation, transformation, and formlessness. Body-consciousness that is achieved through tailoring, bias cutting, and stretchy fabric displays corporeality focusing on the structure and function of the body as an internalized corset. Deformations in dress are categorized into two different subcategories. One is the expansion or reduction of bodily features based on the vertical or horizontal grids of the body, which visualizes the anachronistic restraint of the body through an innerwear as outerwear strategy. The other is exaggerations of the bodily features irrelevant to the grid, which break from the limitations and constraints of the body as well as traditional notions of the body. Transformations of the body refer to as follows. First, the deconstruction and restructuring of the body that deconstruct the stereotypes in garment construction. Second, the abstraction of the body that emphasizes the geometrical and architectural shapes. Third, transformable designs which pursue the expansion and multiplicity of function. Formlessness in dress denies the perception of three-dimensionality of the body through the planarization of the body.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2017

In today's aging society, stable residential environment is essential for the elderly living alone to be able to do activities of daily living without restrictions and cherish a satisfactory quality of life. We developed a safe and convenient multifunctional sofa by removing complex combinations and decomposing processes of the multifunctional transformable furniture, appropriate for the use by elderly living alone. We deduced the 4 main keywords and details related to the purpose of sofa by analyzing the users' physical and mental characteristics through literature review and by using 24-hour scheduling, interviews, and actual measurement. Finally, by applying this to furniture planning, we designed 4 different types of multifunctional sofa system. Production was done in cooperation with AND Co. for 2 weeks using materials, colors and adhesives selectively chosen with careful consideration of their effects on the physical, mental aspects of the user to give optimal comfortability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.10
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• pp.98-110
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• 2009

This study has outlined and summarized academic meaning of formative characteristics of Organic Modernism represented by various aspects of design, art, industry and architecture, then has intented to define concept of Organic Modernism Fashion. Eventually, this study is to make a analysis of formative characteristics of Organic Modernism Fashion Design. Based on example of Organic Modernism applied to architectural structure, industrial products and pure paintings, this study has analyzed and researched into formative characteristics of Organic Modernism represented by fashion design. As a consequence of study, its characteristics are defined as below; The first, the beauty of simple formation using delicate curve. The second, the expression of symbolic formation based on surrealism. The third, the expression of continuous 3-dimensional curved surface. And the last characteristic is a providing transformable multi-function. Through those characteristics mentioned above, it may be expected to define a concept of Organic Modernism Fashion Design newly and to set a precedent for providing a basic criteria to classify formative characteristics of Organic Modernism Fashion Design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.61-76
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• 2016

The importance of environment has come into focus recently, and this has led to increased attention on zero waste fashion design as a method to minimize waste from the production stage of fashion goods. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development method types and the characteristics of zero waste fashion design in order to study the eco-friendly meanings of zero waste fashion design, as well as its meaning as creative design development methods. Through the case analysis of recent designs, the design types of zero waste fashion design were largely classified into cut and sew, folding, draping, and non-woven types, and they were classified again according to the characteristics of production process. According to the result of analyzing fashion design development methods of zero waste fashion designs based on the process of completing design, they were classified into pattern making, computer programming, draping, assembling of the unit, and non-woven moulding methods, and the aspect of combined use rather than utilization of one method appeared. Formative characteristics of zero waste fashion design included decorative beauty, formative beauty, and transformable beauty and its design characteristics were fortuity and unexpected properties, breaking stereotypes, structural flexibility and futuristic innovation.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

Recently, the interest in the smart buildings is increasing in the architecture field. Among them, a research of facade design using a transformable system that can adjust the effect of the external environment is in progress. One of a typical example of the deployable system is a Scissors system that can change shape by using the geometric conditions of a unit member. Scissors system is a high-tech structural system which can construct the deployable plan and curved space by using the SLE (Scissors-Like Element) consisted of two Bar and Pivot. If the facade is designed by applying Scissors system, it is possible to maximize the performance and aesthetic effect of the structure by using a shape change of the line member. This paper presents a study of deployable facade design applying hybrid-typed Scissors system. A new deployable pattern of facade design is developed by combining Angulated Scissors system and tessellation pattern. Applying the deployable pattern a double skin construction method which is to add an outer wall for design, it raises three dimensional effects and can maximize the artistic essence of the change in shape upon deployment.