• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.64-68
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• 2021

정렬 패턴을 전사공정을 이용하여 BiLaO 박막 위에 패터닝하고 소성온도에 따른 액정 배향 특성에 대하여 연구 하였다. 졸겔 공정을 제작한 BiLaO 은 유리 기판 위에 스핀코팅으로 증착한 후 미리 제작된 정렬패턴을 전사하여 100, 150, 200, 250 ℃ 의 온도에서 소성하였다. POM분석으로부터 200℃ 이하의 소성온도에서 액정배향은 균일하지 않았고, 250 ℃의 소성온도에서 균일한 액정 배향 특성을 확인 할 수 있었고, 결정 회절 법 분석으로 부터도 확인 가능하였다. 전사 공정 시 250 ℃의 온도에서 패턴이 전사되었음을 Atomic force microscopy 을 통하여 확인 할 수 있었다. 250 ℃의 온도에서 전사된 정렬 패턴에 의하여 박막의 이방성을 획득 하였고 이방성 박막 위에서 액정 분자들이 고르게 배향 될 수 있었다. 따라서 BiLaO 산화막의 전사에 의한 액정 배향 공정은 소성온도에 영향을 받는다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2007

The overlay welding the automobile where the durability is demanded, it is used in the vessel engine valve, plant valve and pump parts. Cause of damage public opinion one what is thought is the fatigue load due to the opening and shutting operation right time repetition of the engine valve. The damage cause of the engine valve or explanation of destruction mechanism is very difficult. The research which it sees to make clear a overlay welding of Co-alloy by Plasma Transferred Arc Weld Surfacing Process reconsideration fatigue crack initiation and fatigue crack growth mechanism at high temperature.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.415-425
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• 1996

This study presents an analytical method of solving the behaviors of arc plasma in a nozzle constricting transferred-type torch and purposes to obtain the basic data for the design of a plasma torch, which can be obtained from the temperature, pressure, velocities and voltage distributions. We have to solve some conservation equations simultaneously and need to know the exact thermal gas properties in order to obtain the correct behaviors of arc plasma. It is also necessary to give the relevant physical or geometric boundary conditions. For the simplicity of analysis, we assumed that (a) the plasma flow is laminar, (b)the local thermodynamic equilibrium, i.e. LTE, prevails over the entire arc column region. The electrode sheath effects were neglected and the nozzle area was excluded from the analysis by assuming that the current flow into the nozzle is zero. We solved the momentum transfer equation including the self-magnetic pinch effect, and obtained the temperature distribution from the energy conservation equation. From this temperature, we could get arc voltage distribution. (author). refs., figs., tabs.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1999년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.230-233
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• 1999

The design and implementation of thyristor water cooling control systems in considered in this pape Coolant water is pumped through the thyristor heat sinks where heat is transferred from the thyristo to the water. This water is then pumped through outdoor air-to-water heat exchangers where heat I transferred to the outside air. Since the water must be pure, it is filtered and de-ionized. Also the water temperature must be below dew-point temperature. Redundant pumps, outdoor heat exchangers, power supply system, controller monitoring system are provided for system reliability and availability.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2006

The effects of various temperature shifts on the kinetics of the humoral antibody response in oliver flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, immunised with formalin-killed Edwardsiella tarda, were determined by measuring the antibody production in vivo and in vitro. When fish acclimated to a high temperature and immunised at that temperature were transferred to a lower temperature (22℃ to 12℃) at a various times after immunisation, the fish showed a weaker immune response than that achieved when the fish were kept at a high environmental temperature. However, in the converse experiment (12℃ to 22℃), the magnitude of the humoral immune response was recovered independent of the time of the transfer after immunisation at low temperature, even though the peak levels of each transferred group did not reach the level found in the positive control group that was maintained and immunised at a high environmental temperature. Hence, these studies provide some evidence that the potential for antibody production in B cells of oliver flounder immunized at high temperature is not impaired by subsequent exposure to low temperature.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the number of patients with and without medical history transported to the emergency department due to changes in daily temperature and season. Methods: Data on emergency activity sheet and daily weather were collected from March 2016 to February 2017 in the city of Gyeonggi-do. In total, 13,531 patients were transferred to the emergency department in 119 ambulance. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21). Results: The daily average number of patients transferred was the highest in August and September, i.e., the summer season. The higher the daily highest and lowest temperatures, higher the daily average number of patients transferred. In contrast, patients with medical history of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and pulmonary disease had a higher incidence of transfers in the winter season and on days with lower temperature. Conclusion: The results indicate that as people become more active during the summer when temperatures are high, the chances of daily emergencies increases, whereas patients with medical history are more likely to experience emergencies when the temperatures were lower. Hence, 119 ambulances will have to be prepared in advance to deal with this trend.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.217-233
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• 2019

This paper describes the numerical modelling of an interior slab-column connection to investigate the punching shear resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs under fire conditions. Parameters of the study were the fire direction, flexural reinforcement ratio, load levels, shear reinforcement and compressive strength of concrete. Moreover, the efficiency of the insulating material, gypsum, in reducing the heat transferred to the slab was assessed. Validation studies were conducted comparing the simulation results to experiments from the literature and common codes of practice. Temperature dependencies of both concrete and reinforcing steel bars were considered in thermo-mechanical analyses. Results showed that there is a slight difference in temperature endurance of various models with respect to concrete with different compressive strengths. It was also concluded that compared to a slab without gypsum, 10-mm and 20-mm thick gypsum reduce the maximum heat transferred to the slab by 45.8% and 70%, respectively. Finally, it was observed that increasing the flexural reinforcement ratio changes the failure mode from flexural punching to brittle punching in most cases.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2007

It is well known that thermal plasma process has lots of advantages such as high temperature and good quality for synthesis of nano particles. In this research, we attempt the synthesis of nano unitary and composite powder (Ag, Mg-Al, Zr-V-Fe) using transferred thermal plasma. Nano particles of metal alloy, ranging from 20 nm to 150 nm, have been synthesized by this process.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

We determined the effects of temperature shifts on the kinetics of the numbers of antibody-secreting cell (ASC) in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus immunised with formalin-killed Edwardsiella tarda. When fish that were acclimated to $22^{\circ}C$ and immunised at that temperature were transferred to a lower temperature ($12^{\circ}C$) at a various times (immediately, 1, 2 or 4 weeks) after immunisation, both further differentiation of B cells and secretion of antibody from the ASC developed at $22^{\circ}C$ were suppressed at $12^{\circ}C$. However, in the converse experiment ($12^{\circ}C$ to $22^{\circ}C$), the magnitude of the humoral immune response was recovered independent of the time of the transfer after immunisation at low temperature, even though the peak levels of each transferred group did not reach the level found in $22^{\circ}C$ control group. The results were confirmed by counting the number of specific antibody secreting cells (SASC) in the spleen. This study provides the evidences of the immune reaction that the potential for antibody production in B cells of flounder, the most important species in aquatic industry of Korea, immunized at high temperature is suppressed by subsequent exposure to low temperature and that low temperature-induced humoral immuno suppression can be reversed by exposure to a higher temperature.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.442-447
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• 1988

To keep comfortable indoor condition, the existing air conditioning system is controlled by the ON/OFF temperature controller. The PID control unit is developed to control temperature and humidity simultaneously, and the Air-conditioning control system is transferred from the ON/OFF temperature controller to the PID control unit for experiment. As a result of this experiment, the PID control unit reduced energy consumption compared with the ON/OFF control unit.