• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.117-134
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• 2000

Client-server DBMS based on a data-skipping model can exploit client resources effectively by allowing inter-transaction caching. However, inter-transaction caching raises the need of transactional cache consistency maintenance(TCCM) protocol, since each client is able to cache a portion of the database dynamically. Detection-based TCCM schemes can reduce the message overhead required for cache consistency if they validate clients replica asynchronously, and thus they cm show high throughput rates. However, they tend to show high ratios of transaction abort since transactions can access invalid replica. For coping with this drawback, this paper develops a new notion of shadow transaction, which is a backup-purpose one that is kept ready to replace an aborted transaction. This paper proposes a new detection-based TCCM scheme named DL-ST on the basis of the notion of shadow transaction. Using a simulation model, this paper evaluates the effect of shadow transaction in terms of transaction through rate and abort ratio.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.199-208
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• 2009

Mosts of export/import cargo has been moving using maritime transport means. Korea had been driven the system automation project using EDI document since the mid-1990s. However, this automation system comes upon about 40-50% against overall maritime business process, manual or paper document processing work is existing as ever. International e-business environment also has changing into electronic form document transaction from paper document-based transaction. International standardization organization, UN/CEFACT proposed UNeDocs for paperless jtransaction. UNeDocs is a specification to define XML data model as well as electronic form. With UNeDocs, it is not necessary to generate the duplexed data, and it can support user convenient and guarantee the flexibility. This paper defines the UNeDocs data model for EDI and Off-Line processing at the current maritime business. Then, it have to check XML syntax and structure for the defined data model through quality of document check system. Also, it explains the applying plan about the defined UNeDocs data model. It is possible to support paperless transaction as defining UNeDocs-based standard data model and converting into paper document, XML and EDI document using UNeDocs data model.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.29
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• pp.143-172
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• 2006

This study focuses on the risk management of "Digital Goods" appeared with the progress of information technology(IT) in international transaction. As a result of that digital goods have a lot of uncertainty between the general goods or service which have been deal with object of international transaction broadly because digital goods hold uniqueness. In this study, the author give a definition of "Digital Goods" and make an examination of uniqueness of that in international transaction. Next, six risks are defined base on risk theory and risk analysis matrix applying risk mapping model is made. Conclusionally, risk transfer as insurance is adequate to manage business risk, security risk, credit risk and legal risk. Meanwhile, risk avoidance is adequate to manage reputation risk and market risk. But, this study have following three limits. Firstly, concerning definition of the risk, real case is not applied owing to lack of transaction data. Secondly, measuring of the risk is not based on absolute data but relative data. Lastly, suggesting way of risk management is not concrete and practical to international trader of digital goods.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.273-289
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• 2004

Although the Internet is useful for transferring information, Internet auction environments make fraud more attractive to offenders, because the chance of detection and punishment is decreased. One of these frauds is the phantom transaction, which is a colluding transaction by the buyer and seller to commit the illegal discounting of a credit card. They pretend to fulfill the transaction paid by credit card, without actually selling products, and the seller receives cash from the credit card corporations. Then the seller lends it out with quite a high interest rate to the buyer, whose credit rating is so poor that he cannot borrow money from anywhere else. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the factors necessary to detect phantom transactions in an online auction. Based upon studies that have explored the behaviors of buyers and sellers in online auctions, the following have been suggested as independent variables: bidding numbers, bid increments, sellers' credit, auction lengths, and starting bids. In this study. we developed Internet-based data collection software and collected data on transactions of notebook computers, each of which had a winning bid of over W one million. Data analysis with a logistic regression model revealed that starting bids, sellers' credit, and auction length were significant in detecting the phantom transactions.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.86-99
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• 2005

In this paper, we suggest a system which automatically verifies and tunes transaction processing database applications based on program analysis technology. This system automatically verifies two kinds of transaction processing errors. The first case is the un-closed transaction. In this case, data is not updated as expected or performance of overall system can decrease seriously by locking some database tables until the process terminates. The second case is the miss-use of transaction isolation(inking) level. This causes runtime exception or abnormal termination of the program depending on runtime environment. This system automatically tunes two kinds of inefficient definition of transaction processing which decrease the performance of overall system. The first case happens when opened transaction is closed too late. And the second case happens when transaction isolation level is set too high.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2021

This study analyzes trade communication methods by comparing and analyzing payment methods and procedures of L/C and BPO transactions. As a result of the study, BPO transaction is validated based on the combination results of the confirmed baseline and data set unlike the L/C transaction. Therefore, BPO is superior to L/C transaction in that there is no confrontation between the parties over the matching results. And it can proceed with certain transaction that is paid first and proved later. In addition, the process of accepting data mismatches results in a confirmation of the payment commitment considering the intention of the importer. This allows flexible disposition of documents in response to the post payment situation as long as the documents are held by the exporter, which can be said to be superior to the L/C transaction.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.739-745
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• 2010

This paper computes the repurchase index based on statistical modeling. Using the transaction record of a certain product, the repurchase index is obtained by fitting the Poisson regression model. The customers are classified into 5 groups based on the index giving the information about the propensity to repurchase.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2023

Purpose - The bank payment obligation is a transaction method that combines the certainty of L/C transactions with the speed of remittance payments, so the main purpose of this study is to highlight the superiority of bank payment obligation, noting the difference between bank payment obligation and L/C transactions. In addition, we would like to examine how bank payment obligations can actually be applied to support various valuable proposals such as post-shipment and post-shipment finance according to the payment process.. Design/methodology - This study focused on literature based on data from ICC and SWIFT along with previous domestic and international studies. In terms of a research method, a literature review was adopted with electronic trade-related books and journals and policy-related reports from international trade-related agencies. Findings - Unlike L/C transaction, BPO transaction verify the data inquiry process based only on the combination result of the established baseline and dataset. Accordingly, it is superior to L/C transaction in that there is no confrontation between the parties over the results of the inquiry, and clear transactions are possible according to the principle of proof after prepayment. In addition, unlike credit transactions, data inconsistency acceptance procedures confirm payment obligations in consideration of importers' intentions. As a result, as long as trade documents are in the hands of exporting countries, flexible document disposition is possible in response to the situation after payment, which is more advantageous than L/C transaction. Originality/value - Specifically, from the importer's point of view, BPO transactions have the advantage of reducing the manpower required to prepare and review trade documents and processing transaction negotiations with exporters advantageously due to the strength of payment obligations. From the perspective of the exporter, it has the advantage of enabling rapid recovery of trade payments and reducing the risk of importer's cancellation of transactions or content change. From the perspective of participating banks, it is possible to strengthen relations with importer and obtain high commission income by increasing the role of bank reduced by reducing L/C transaction.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.157-170
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• 2014

As the increase of transaction using mobile banking continues, threat to the mobile financial security is also increasing. Mobile banking service performs the financial transaction using the dedicate application which is made by financial corporation. It provides the same services as the internet banking service. Personal information such as credit card number, which is stored in the mobile banking application can be used to the additional attack caused by a malicious attack or the loss of the mobile devices. Therefore, in this paper, to cope with the mobile financial accident caused by personal information exposure, we suggest outlier detection method which can judge whether the transaction is conducted by the appropriate user or not. This detection method utilizes the user's input patterns and transaction patterns when a user uses the banking service on the mobile devices. User's input and transaction pattern data involves the information which can be used to discern a certain user. Thus, if these data are utilized appropriately, they can be the information to distinguish abnormal transaction from the transaction done by the appropriate user. In this paper, we collect the data of user's input patterns on a smart phone for the experiment. And we use the experiment data which domestic financial corporation uses to detect outlier as the data of transaction pattern. We verify that our proposal can detect the abnormal transaction efficiently, as a result of detection experiment based on the collected input and transaction pattern data.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2024

Objectives: This research analyzed and compared housing transaction prices and depression rates according to housing types before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data on housing transaction prices and depression rates from 2018 to 2022 in 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea, were utilized. Dummy variables were employed to account for potential confounders influencing the relationship between the variables. Statistical analysis was conducted using R, and the relationship between depression rates and housing transaction prices was examined through Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and panel data regression analysis. Results: The results of OLS and one-way random effects models indicated a significant relationship between apartment (p<.05) and officetel (p<.001) transaction prices and depression. However, detached/semi-detached and row/townhouse transaction prices did not exhibit a significant relationship with depression. Conclusion: It was observed that as apartment and officetel transaction prices increased in Seoul before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, depression rates also increased. Considering that changes in housing prices by housing type in South Korea may impact the mental health of local residents, it is deemed necessary to consider healthy housing and housing prices as comprehensive determinants of mental health.