• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.458-467
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• 2001

Optimistic Two-Phase Locking(O2PL) performs as well as or better than the other approaches because it exploits client caching well and also has relatively lower network bandwidth requirements. However, O2PL leads to unnecessary waits, because, it can not be commit a transaction until the transaction obtains all requested locks. In addition, Optimistic Concurrency Control(OCC) tends to make needless aborts. This paper suggests an efficient optimistic cache consistency protocol that overcomes such shortcomings. Our scheme decides whether to commit or abort a transaction without wait and it adopts transaction re-ordering in order to minimize the abort rate. Our scheme needs only one version for each data item in spite of the re-ordering mechanism used. Finally, this paper presents a simulation-based analysis that shows superiority in performance of out scheme to O2PL and OCC.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.14-24
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• 2019

It is necessary to look into multiple subjects, such as effectiveness, laws and polices of blockchain in order to easily accept blockchain technology in small and mid-sized enterprises(SME). This study analyzes the positive effects of applying the block chain to SMEs, examines the laws and policies required to apply them, and identifies the tasks. As a result, we confirmed that it can create positive effects such as optimizing supply chain management, simplifying import and export process documents, improving product quality, facilitating flow of funds, and improving transaction reliability. Also, we confirmed that it is necessary to improve the basic law of electronic transaction, electronic commerce law, electronic financial transaction law, personal information protection legislation, and needs policy supplement for platform development, education system for SMEs, transaction standardization guidelines, tax reduction policy, and block chain research and development. More extensive practical research and specific individual legal studies are needed in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.271-274
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• 1996

Since the primary purpose of information Engineering focuses on transaction or operation processing, various information needs acquired in Information Strategy Planning phase are not properly utilized from the viewpoint of decision support systems development. In this research, we suggest a case-based reasoning application that supports initial Data Warehouse Modeling by expanding the activities in Information Strategy Planning.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.638-655
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• 2010

The importance of international science and technology cooperation is growing more and more, but we do not know much about what criteria could be used to choose a science or a technology that needs international cooperation first and foremost among many kinds of competing sciences and technologies. Moreover, this selection process is affected by evaluators' or science/technology experts' perception, but we do not quite know what they actually see when they evaluate the needs of international cooperation. This study investigates the conditions that international science and technology cooperation is encouraged by scholars and researchers in various areas. Based on theoretical arguments of Transaction Cost Economics, Measurement View, and Knowledge-Based View, we drew hypotheses on when experts perceive greater needs of international cooperation. Using the classification categories of 10 major sciences and technologies, we collected data from 151 respondents from scientists in research institutions and colleges. As a result, we found that experts in science and technology areas perceive strong needs of international cooperation when the importance of focal science or technology is high and the relative national level of focal science or technology is low. Also, we found that the importance and relative level of focal science and technology have positive moderating effects each other. Lastly, we found that when experts evaluate their own major areas, the strength of positive relationship between the importance of science and technology and needs of international cooperation is diminished.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.153-170
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• 2008

Customers' needs change every moment. Profitability of stores can't be increased anymore with an existing standardized chain store management. Accordingly, a personalized store management tool needs through prediction of customers' preference. In this study, we propose a recommending procedure using dynamic customers' preference by analyzing the transaction database. We utilize self-organizing map algorithm and association rule mining which are applied to cluster the chain stores and explore purchase sequence of customers. We demonstrate that the proposed methodology makes an effect on recommendation of products in the market which is characterized by a fast fashion and a short product life cycle.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.54-76
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• 2003

The concept of quality is revisited to evidence its applicability beyond the product and economic transaction level, to cover every kind of human and social relation. A very important extension indeed in this globalization era, where an increasingly interconnected world badly needs rules and means to improve quality, both at economic and political level. To that aim, some commonplaces about quality need to be exposed to criticism and the close connection between ″value″ and ″quality″ concepts must be highlighted. Generalization of the quality related concepts could appear to be just a theoretical issue were it not for the fact that it opens the door to the extension of ″quality management″ concepts to every kind of organization: from the company to the state to the planet. ″Managing for quality″ appears to be a fundamental issue for all human-made systems.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-105
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• 2004

International electronic commerce is different with international commerce in the aspect using electronic media and non-face transaction so there are some problems as authentication, integrity and non-reputation. These problems of electronic document and signature are resolved from electronic certification system. To introduce and develop the electronic certification in the international electronic commerce, it needs to authorize and operate certification authority under the uniform regulation base. But, because the laws and guidelines that related to electronic certification system are different among the nations and international organizations, it needs to compare each nation's law or guideline. In conclusion, to resolve problems of certification and develop certification system in the international electronic commerce, we make uniform rule of international electronic certification and harmonize the technology of electronic certification.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.93-109
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• 2021

Purpose - The logistics industry is often featured by its location relevance and industrial concentration. Industrial concentration is conducive to the effective transmission of information by reducing transaction costs and improving transaction efficiency, thus promoting the development of trade. The main purpose of this paper is to measure the spatial total factor productivity and location quotient of the logistics industry in Korea, and to study the impact of the logistics industry efficiency and agglomeration effect on import and export trade in Korea. Design/methodology - First, used the spatial stochastic frontier method to measure the spatial total factor productivity of the logistics industry in Korea, this serves as the efficiency index of the logistics industry in various regions of Korea. Second, calculated the location quotient (LQ) of the logistics industry to measure the industry's concentration degree. Third, employed a spatial econometric model to analyze the impacts of factors such as the efficiency and concentration levels of the logistics industry on import and export trade in Korea. Findings - This study's main findings can be summarized as follows: this study found that the overall efficiency of the logistics industry in Korea needs to be improved, even though it showed an upward trend in all regions of the country; Moreover, the agglomeration level of Korea's logistics industry needs to be improved; Finally, the positive spatial correlation and industrial agglomeration effect of Korea's logistics industry had a positive impact on the country's import and export trade. Originality/value - This study is innovative in terms of research perspective and methods. Most of the previous studies have measured the development level of the logistics industry using the logistics performance index (LPI), Fewer studies have assessed through the spatial total factor productivity and location quotient of the logistics industry in Korea to measure the efficiency index of the logistics industry in various regions of Korea and concentration degree, as well as there was almost no study on the impact of logistics industry efficiency and agglomeration effect on import and export trade in Korea. This study addresses this limitation by analyzing the impacts of the efficiency and agglomeration effect of the logistics industry on import and export trade in Korea.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.79-108
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• 2013

International transactions of plant and construction project need to time to time for completing the contract. During the performing the contract there may arise many claims and disputes it should be settled rapidly for processing schedule of works. However, arbitration and litigation for settlement of dispute are inappropriate in time and expense under the specifications of plant and construction project. Dispute boards are one of the successful resolution method of dispute prior to litigation or arbitration. If the dispute board was failed, of course, it may be allowed to continue into litigation or arbitration. As the creative methods of parties agreement, dispute boards may be expected to avoid claims and dispute in long and medium international contract. The purpose of this paper is to explore the specification and limitations of dispute boards that may clear disputes under long and medium contract of construction and procurement. It needs to be understand to determine whether is the useful methods for resolving dispute in the international project. This paper considers the specific natures of dispute board and its rules, procedures and problems including ICC and FIDIC for the contract of long and medium transaction.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.76
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• pp.103-123
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• 2017

If additional condition in letter of credit is used in malicious way, it affects the international trade transaction in jeopardy. Therefore, it's significant to identify whether additional conditions are malicious or ordinary in the transaction with letter of credit. In normal cases, thanks to lots of useful features as an international payment method, such as security of payment, legal protection, and versatility, a letter of credit is widely used in international trade. However, even with these advantageous features, a letter of credit is complicate and costly to use, compared to other payment methods. Furthermore, due to its principle of independence from underlying contract, a use of letter of credit creates another type of concern for proper handling and needs significant caution upon field use. At some points, malicious additional conditions are used for buyer's advantage in deal making and fraud instance in worst situation. In addition, some countries request malicious conditions against sellers as a non-tariff barrier. Therefore it's extremely important to recognize whether malicious additional condition exists in letter of credit and, if so, how to deal with it. This study delivers the information to distinguish and categorize the malicious conditions in various cases and to figure out how to deal with them for safer trade with less risk.