• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2008

We propose a new mini-slot transmission scheme for a passive optical network (PON) in which each customer can be switched either to access mode or to internetworking mode dynamically. In this paper, we present the system implementation (called LAN-PON) as well as the performance of the proposed transmission scheme to illustrate its feasibility and benefits. A mini-slot scheme can rapidly reduce the queuing delay, which increases due to the flooding of the deflected packets in a deflection scheme. We evaluate the impact of mode switching time on the bandwidth gain (throughput) and delay of local area network (LAN) traffic in the LAN-PON with a mini-slot scheme. We also analyze a theoretical delay model of the proposed scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that switching time has an impact on LAN performance, and the average packet delay of the proposed scheme is significantly improved compared to that of the deflection scheme.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2017

In vehicular safety service, every vehicle broadcasts Basic Safety Message (BSM) periodically to inform neighbor vehicles of host vehicle information. However, this can cause network congestion in a region that is crowded with vehicles resulting in a reduction in the message delivery ratio and an increase in the end-to-end delay. Therefore, it could destabilize the vehicular safety service system. In this paper, in order to improve the congestion control and to consider the hidden node problem, we propose a congestion control scheme using entire network congestion level estimation combined with transmission power control, data rate control and time slot based transmission control algorithm. The performance of this scheme is evaluated using a Qualnet network simulator. The simulation result shows that our scheme mitigates network congestion in heavy traffic cases and enhances network capacity in light traffic cases, so that packet error rate is perfectly within 10% and entire network load level is maintained within 60~70%. Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed congestion control scheme has quite good performance.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.543-559
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• 2022

To determine a suitable waveform for Internet of Things (IoT) transmission over low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, this paper reports the results of a performance comparison between chirp spread spectrum (CSS)-based LoRa and direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)-based Ingenu. The performance of both waveforms was measured in terms of the packet error rate, throughput, and packet loss rate, considering the Doppler effect caused by the high speed of LEO satellites and the interference among multiple terminals. Simulation results indicate that the DSSS scheme is more suitable than the CSS scheme for high-traffic IoT services because of its robustness against interference among multiple terminals. However, the CSS scheme is more suitable than the DSSS scheme for high-mobility IoT services because of its robustness against the Doppler effect. We discuss various solutions, such as the preprocessing of Doppler effect and avoidance of packet collision, to enhance the performance of the DSSS and CSS schemes. The simulation results of the proposed solution show that the enhanced DSSS scheme can be a proper waveform in IoT transmission over LEO satellites for both the high-traffic and high-mobility services.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.874-890
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• 2021

With the widespread deployment of the fifth-generation (5G) communication networks, various real-time applications are rapidly increasing and generating massive traffic on backhaul network environments. In this scenario, network congestion will occur when the communication and computation resources exceed the maximum available capacity, which severely degrades the network performance. To alleviate this problem, this paper proposed an intelligent resource allocation (IRA) to integrate with the extant resource adjustment (ERA) approach mainly based on the convergence of support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, software-defined networking (SDN), and mobile edge computing (MEC) paradigms. The proposed scheme acquires predictable schedules to adapt the downlink (DL) transmission towards off-peak hour intervals as a predominant priority. Accordingly, the peak hour bandwidth resources for serving real-time uplink (UL) transmission enlarge its capacity for a variety of mission-critical applications. Furthermore, to advance and boost gateway computation resources, MEC servers are implemented and integrated with the proposed scheme in this study. In the conclusive simulation results, the performance evaluation analyzes and compares the proposed scheme with the conventional approach over a variety of QoS metrics including network delay, jitter, packet drop ratio, packet delivery ratio, and throughput.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.85-88
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• 2002

Maintaining a proper level of cell lead, system throughput can be maximized by a transmission rate control over the uplink in DS/CDMA cellular system to support integrated services of real-time and delay-tolerant traffic. We find that the cell load-based rate control scheme can be further enhanced by taking the varying channel condition into account In conjunction with some fair scheduling algorithm. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the original cell load-based rate control with the round-robin sharing scheduling scheme.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2003

APON은 OLT와 ONU사이에 수동분배기를 이용하는 버스나 트리구조의 가입자망으로 다수의 가입자들이 OLT로 정보를 전송하기 위해 상향채널을 공유하게 되므로 매체 접근 제어 프로토콜이 요구된다. APON에서 멀티미디어 서비스를 제공하기 위해 ATM 트래픽 클래스별 전송 특성을 고려하여 각 트래픽 유형별 전송품질(QoS)의 특성을 반영시킨 다양한 매체 접근 제어 방식이 제안되었지만, 기존의 방식들은 프레임내 전송 오버헤드 증가로 인해 망 이용효율이 감소한다. 본 논문에서는, ATM 트래픽 유형별 전송품질의 특성을 반영할 수 있어 기존의 방식들과 거의 비슷한 성능을 가지면서도 프레임내 전송 오버헤드를 증가시키지 않는 새로운 매체 접근 제어방식을 제안한다. 이를 위해 ONU가 OLT에 주기적으로 전송하는 RAU안에 포함된 각 트래픽 별 로컬 대기큐안의 셀에 대한 정보를 부호화 하여 전송함으로써 프레임 내 오버헤드의 길이가 증가되지 않도록 하였다. 따라서, 본 논문에서 제안한 방식은 기존의 다른 방식들과 유사한 성능을 가지면서도 전체 망의 이용 효율을 증가시킬 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

u-TSN (ubiquitous-transportation sensor network) 시스템은 차량에서의 주기적인 정보를 노변장치가 수집하고 수집된 정보의 분석, 가공하여 교통정보를 제공하는 차세대교통시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 u-TSN 시스템에서의 교통정보 수집을 위한 차량에서의 메시지 전송방안을 제안한다. 기존의 시스템은 0.1초마다 차량 정보를 전송하는 것으로 되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 차량 속도에 따라 차량위치 정보의 전송 주기를 조절하는 알고리듬을 제안한다. 제안 전송방법의 우수성을 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해 기존 방식과 비교 한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2012

As the new requirements for wireless sensor networks are emerging, real-time communications is becoming a major research challenge because resource-constrained sensor nodes are not powerful enough to accommodate the complexity of the protocol. In addition, an efficient energy management scheme has naturally been a concern in wireless sensor networks for a long time. However, the existing schemes are limited to meeting one of these two requirements. To address the two factors together, we propose real-time communications with two approaches, a protocol for satisfied conditions and one for unsatisfied. Under the satisfied requirement, existing real-time protocol is employed. On the other hand, for the unsatisfied requirement, the newly developed scheme replaces the existing scheme by adjusting the transmission range of some surplus nodes. By expanding the transmission range, the end-to-end delay is shortened because the number of intermediate nodes decreases. These nodes conserve their energy for real-time communications by avoiding other activities such as sensing, forwarding, and computing. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme in high traffic environments.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권7A호
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• pp.964-972
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 셀룰라 이동 통신시스템에서 BSC와 MSC 사이에 AAL 2를 적용하기 위한 시뮬레이션 모델을 제안하였다. 짧은 길이의 패킷을 처리하기 위해 프레임 구조와 이를 하나 또는 그 이상의 ATM 셀에 다중화 시키는 방식 등을 제시하였으며, 또한, 패킷화된 음성과 저속의 비트율을 갖는 데이터가 혼합된 트래픽을 사용하여 통계적 다중화의 효율 (AR), 전송 지연 특성, 채널전송효율 등을 해석하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, AAL 2 다중화를 하지 않는 경우, 최대 수용 가능한 가입자 수가 최대 47 가입자이었으나, 다중화를 하는 경우, 최대 가입자 수는 Non-Overlapping 방식에서는 70, Overlapping 방식에서는 110이었다. 그러므로, Overlapping 방식을 적용한 layered 셀 방식이 Non-Overlapping 방식보다 더 효율적임을 알 수 있었다. 그리고, 대역폭이 2 Mbps인 셀룰라 이동 통신시스템의 경우 최적의 전송 버퍼 크기는 4 ATM 셀이 된다는 것을 알았다.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제15C권6호
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• pp.567-572
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• 2008

IP 트래픽 데이터가 향후 지속적으로 증가될 것으로 전망함에 따라 IP 트래픽 신호를 OTN망에 효과적으로 수용하는 방안에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 OTN 광전송망에서 GFP를 통한 IP신호의 인캡슐레이션 방법에 관하여 연구하였다. 그 결과 IP/GFP/OTN 방식이 구조, 오버헤드율과 발전성에서 기존방식보다 더 효율적인 방식임을 알았고, 본 방식에 대해서 상위레벨 기능설계 블록을 제시하였다. 또한 VHDL 프로그램을 이용하여 기능 시뮬레이션 수행함으로써 본 방식의 구현방법을 보였다.