• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.105-115
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to identify psychological anxiety factors related to firefighters' field activities and suggest improvement measures. To investigate the actual status of psychological anxiety factors, a survey was conducted on approximately 3,500 current firefighters, and the responses of 505 people who participated in the survey were analyzed. As a research method, frequency analysis and cross-analysis were conducted according to the general characteristics of the participants to determine the actual level of psychological anxiety in each work field and the results were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was statistically confirmed that firefighters feel a lot of psychological burden due to legal and institutional inadequacies during dispatch, return, or field activities, and frequent friction with civil servants is also a major cause of psychological anxiety. Therefore, based on the results of this study, it is proposed to establish a permanent legal support team in each city and province, designate and operate a hospital dedicated to psychological treatment, and establish a special provision for traffic accidents during the return of fire trucks so that firefighters can concentrate on their duties without psychological anxiety. do.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.202-217
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• 2022

Purpose: The recent increased use of Personal Mobility (PM) has been accompanied by a rise in the annual number of accidents. Accordingly, the safety requirements for PM use are being strengthened, but the laws/systems, infrastructure, and management systems remain insufficient for fostering a safe environment. Therefore, this study comprehensively searches the main problems and improvement methods through a review of previous studies that are related to PM. Then the priorities according to the importance of the improvement methods are presented through the Delphi survey. Method: The research method is mainly composed of a literature study and an expert survey (Delphi survey). Prior research and improvement cases (local governments, government departments, companies, etc.) are reviewed to derive problems and improvements, and a problem/improvement classification table is created based on keywords. Based on the classification contents, an expert survey is conducted to derive a priority improvement plan. Result: The PM-related problems were in 'non-compliance with traffic laws, lack of knowledge, inexperienced operation, and lack of safety awareness' in relation to human factors, and 'device characteristics, road-drivable space, road facilities, parking facilities' in relation to physical factors. 'Management/supervision, product management, user management, education/training' as administrative factors and legal factors are divided into 'absence/sufficiency of law, confusion/duplication, reduced effectiveness'. Improvement tasks related to this include 'PM education/public relations, parking/return, road improvement, PM registration/management, insurance, safety standards, traffic standards, PM device safety, PM supplementary facilities, enforcement/management, dedicated organization, service providers, management system, and related laws/institutional improvement', and 42 detailed tasks are derived for these 14 core tasks. The results for the importance evaluation of detailed tasks show that the tasks with a high overall average for the evaluation items of cost, time, effect, urgency, and feasibility were 'strengthening crackdown/instruction activities, education publicity/campaign, truancy PM management, and clarification of traffic rules'. Conclusion: The PM market is experiencing gradual growth based on shared services and a safe environment for PM use must be ensured along with industrial revitalization. In this respect, this study seeks out the major problems and improvement plans related to PM from a comprehensive point of view and prioritizes the necessary improvement measures. Therefore, it can serve as a basis of data for future policy establishment. In the future, in-depth data supplementation will be required for each key improvement area for practical policy application.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2013

This paper presents the Part 1 of the Questionnaire Survey on Marine Safety and VTS in the Philippine Coastal Waters. This part deals with respondents profiles; experiences onboard and ashore; familiar areas; and their subjective perception of marine risks- by factors and by areas. The subjects are chosen from different regions nationwide with connection and/or with maritime background. There are 202 responses returned and these are put into a database for analysis made through Excel programs and statistics references. The result of the nationwide responses show that 97 % of respondents have shipboard experiences onboard of different ships' types and sizes; and 88 % are directly involved in the navigation of ships. Risk Perception levels - by factors and by familiar areas - show a higher risk degree in the 3rd level ('Sometimes Increases Risks') and 4th level ('Often Increases Risk') in each respondents' response indices. The study finds that the most risky factor is the "Violation of Rules and Regulations" which has a high risk at 5th level (Very Often Increases Risk), and for the over-all familiar areas, the Manila Bay area (NCR region) garners the most risky perception, also, at the 5th level. It is, therefore, recommended by this paper to conduct a comprehensive review of the rules and regulations viable in each locality; strengthening the maritime traffic systems, structures and educating the stake-holders specifically in Manila Bay area and other busy waterways of the country. The ultimate goal of this paper is to gather information, analyze these data and develop a set of tools and techniques to be utilized as a guide in the improvement and development of maritime traffic safety in the country.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.439-446
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• 2017

The Maritime Safety Act established restrictions for the passage of oil tankers, prohibiting vessesl carrying more than 1,500 kiloliters of oil or 1,500 tons of a hazardous liquid substance. Prohibited vessels that do not satisfy the restrictions are allowed to enter and depart from a nearby port from the outer sea area to minimize the time and distance the oil tanker must navigate in the prohibited area. Therefore, such regulation should not be construed as referring to inshore traffic. In this study, the traffic volume of coastal tankers that do not use the approaching channels for specific sea areas near Yeosu and Gwangyang Port was analyzed, and the cargo loads of these ships were investigated. The results of this study should be used to allow tankers to minimize the time and distance of navigation in prohibited areas. According to the survey, 16 vessels, 51.6 % of the 31 vessels using inshore traffic included in the study, were loaded with more than 1,500 tons of cargo. This is not appropriate according to the legislation for oil tanker passage. Therefore, in this study, sea routes have been proposed that connect with the approaching channels of specific sea areas, from the outer sea areas of restricted passages. Regulations have also been proposed for the entry and departure of oil tankers around Yeosu and Gwangyang Port.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.128-140
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• 2013

The cause of traffic accidents and driver behavior is affected by psychological factors, because the behavior of drivers and pedestrians, and to identify the psychological linkage analysis to explore improvements in service design approaches are becoming increasingly important. Service design is a service-oriented development methodology that make invisible and intangible elements into visible and higher-value. Accordingly, through design thinking to action for development of products and a pleasant road environment were studied for school zone by discovering underlying issues to resolve in terms of service design. First, survey of domestic road psychological and behavioral problems were derived through the analysis of the causes of traffic accidents and researched the concept of school zones by analyzing the ideas. To reduced the width of the lane manipulate the speed of the vehicle and to cross the crosswalk safely. In order to encourage the flow of vehicle traffic, new solutions are proposed by offering robot traffic lights, graphic design of crosswalk, space, and the fence and convergence public design and services.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.2 no.1 s.2
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• pp.41-52
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of the pedestrian green signal adjustment on clearance of the turning vehicles impeding the through traffic flow at the signalized intersections, and thereby, suggest some operational criteria for adjustment of the pedestrian green signal. In order to test such effects, the pedestrian green time was adjusted so that it could started a few seconds later than the vehicle green time during peak hours, and thereby, the turning vehicle volume not cleared at the intersection was measured by extending the time gap by 2 seconds. (In general, the pedestrian green signal turns on at the same time as the vehicle green signal.) The results of this test can be summed up as follows; first, the longer the time gap was, the turning vehicle volume not cleared from the intersection decreased more. Second, in case there existed a storage space between intersection and crosswalk the effect of the turning vehicles on the through traffic flows was minimal. Third, at the pelican, the effect of the turning vehicles on the through traffic flow was minimal due to the structure of the intersection and the phase sequence. In conclusion, it was found that the adjustment of pedestrian green signal had the effect of enhancing the intersection operation. When adjusting the pedestrian green signal, it was deemed necessary to thoroughly survey the geometric structure of the intersection and collect the data on the turning traffic volume and thereby, apply the results of analysis flexibly to each intersection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.423-430
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• 2012

The purpose of Speed limit at sea is to keep harbor calmness, to maintain efficient traffic flow and to prevent maritime accidents. The Korean Regional Maritime Affairs and Port Office(KRMAPO) specified and enforced the ship's speed limits at the 19 harbors around the Korean coasts. However, problems have been raised to the adequacy of speed limits. This paper made a research on the speed limit set standards, analyzed vessel traffic survey and the dilemma on the specified speed limits imposed by KRMAPO. The result of this study has shown an overall average of 48 % violation rate on speed limit with passenger ships and large vessels of more than 5,000 tons having higher violation rate. Average speed was higher than the limit speed in some harbors and deviation of 4.2 to 5.2 knots was investigated. Further, harbors having higher average speed also have higher deviation accident incidence. Therefore, this paper had confirmed that there is a need for institutional review and improvement of Korea's port and fairways speed traffic management.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

The existing survey of the actual use relevant transportation, implemented in order to reflect transportation policy, has been performed for users by researcher directly, or thereby analysing the data of particular date-oriented of transportation card business's content so that such method have many problems. To solve such problem, we developed a new system, Interoperable Traffic Information Collection System which include several functions of effective collecting of transportation use-data created from the Nation-wide Interoperable Transportation System, accurate counting and easy inquiry. This system consists of Link-server to collect and count for transportation use-data, DB-server to store for this data and Inquiry terminal to search for the information needed. To verify for developed this system, we run test-bed by connection between this system and the Nation-wide Interoperable Transportation System developed by the KOREA Financial Telecommunications & Clearings, the KORAIL NETWORKS and the HiPlusCard. And through result of test-bed, we proved that Interoperable Traffic Information Collection System practically works well. Thus we can look for systematic reflect of reliable information.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.487-492
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• 2010

Ulsan Port is the biggest base port for liquid cargoes in Korea and is pushing in earnest for the development of the 'Ulsan New Port' and 'Northeast Asia Oil-Hub' to prepare for continuous shipment growth. However, Ulsan is in the situation which the harbour limit and anchorages are narrower than other trading ports and the occurrence probability of marine accidents is very high due to heavy marine traffic. We will find and suggest the plan to enlarge the harbour limit essentially needed to expand anchorages considering the geomorphological features of Ulsan and the volume of marine traffic in this research. For the enlargement of harbour limit needed to expand anchorages, the anchorage area needed for Ulsan New Port was calculated after the quantitative analysis of enlargement range through the mutual comparison of the area of harbour limit and anchorages with berths and the volume of marine traffic. The reasonable type of harbour limit, which is based on the survey by a group of experts, was also determined after the decision of the range of harbour limit to accommodate the relevant anchorages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.535-542
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• 2014

This research concluded that the area is most sensitively affected by the maritime traffic congestion rather than other factors including the ship's speed and fairway width. We performed a literature review for the area used in Japan, Denmark, and Shanghai ports, and analyzed by comparing with the area in Jinhae, Korea through the observation survey of marine traffic. The result of sensitivity analysis concluded that the congestion is affected by amount of 10% by changing 1 knot of the ship's speed, 18% of 100m of the fairway width, and 34%~43% of 1L of ship's length. By applying the result into the current audit system using $8L{\times}3.2L$, $6L{\times}1.6L$, we found that there is big difference with $3.5L{\times}1.5L$ in Japan, $5.9L{\times}2.2L$ in Shanghai, $4L{\times}5B$ in Denmark, and $3L{\times}2L$ in Jinhae, Korea. For this reason, further studies should be carried out in near future to the area mostly affected by congestion.