• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of participatory road safety education program for the lower grade in elementary schools. This program was developed based on the Activated Health Education model. Methods: Study design was compromise experimental group pre-post design. 456 students in 8 schools were nonrandomly assigned to study group(n=224) or control(n=232). The students finished self-administered questionnaire before and after education. Collected data was analyzed by using the SPSS. Results: 1. The common relevant factors in road safety knowledge and attitude were 'residential state' and 'experience of traffic accident'. 2. The knowledge showed that the case and control scored at 6.48 and 6.41 points before. After this intervention, the case and control scored at 8.38 and 6.51. The difference of the case was significant(p<0.001). 3. The attitude showed that the case and control scored at 19.67 and 19.63 before. After this, the case and control scored at 19.86 and 19.63. The difference of the case was significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: In order to implement the road safety education, children's socio-demographic characteristics were considered. Because this education was effective in both improving knowledge and attitude and bringing interest, various participatory program will be applied in road safety education for children.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.309-322
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• 2022

Due to the complex terrain around high-speed railways, the windbreaks were established along different landforms, resulting in irregular windbreak transition regions between different subgrade infrastructures (flat ground, cutting, embankment, etc). In this paper, the effect of a windbreak transition on the wind flow around railways subjected to crosswinds was studied. Wind tunnel testing was conducted to study the wind speed change around a windbreak transition on flat ground with a uniform wind speed inflow, and the collected data were used to validate a numerical simulation based on a detached eddy simulation method. The validated numerical method was then used to investigate the effect of the windbreak transition from the flat ground to cutting (the "cutting" is a railway subgrade type formed by digging down from the original ground) for three different wind incidence angles of 90°, 75°, and 105°. The deterioration mechanism of the flow fields and the reasons behind the occurrence of the peak wind velocities were explained in detail. The results showed that for the windbreak transition on flat ground, the impact was small. For the transition from the flat ground to the cutting, the influence was relatively large. The significant increase in the wind speeds was due to the right-angle structure of the windbreak transition, which resulted in sudden changes of the wind velocity as well as the direction. In addition, the height mismatch in the transition region worsened the protective effect of a typical windbreak.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2004

Korea has the highest traffic accident occurrence rate in the world. It means that we are forced to face a tremendous amount of economic loses and great cost of life. Even though this phenomenon consistently has arose as a public issue every year and many researchers have emphasized the importance of safety education as the fundamental solution, we are still trying to make a long-lasting and effective traffic safety education programs for children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of web-based learning for traffic safety in Korea middle school. For this purpose, the instructive model was constructed based on the ASSURE model and a special web-site of education was developed on behalf of practical use of multi-media learning materials for the traffic safety. The research subject was represented by 259 students from second grade in 2 middle schools located in Seoul Korea. The traffic safety education program using web-site was preceded to the 136 students as a case group for 45 minutes total 3 times. Other 126 students are control group those who did not get with this program. The survey was conducted before and after the education. The results of this study were as follow: 1. The knowledge analysis from the comparison between before and after of the lesson showed case group and control group scored average at 11.25 points and 10.97 points. However, after they attended programs, case group scored 13.57 points and control group scored 10.85 points. The difference from the result of the case group was statistically significant(p<0.001). 2. The attitude analysis from the comparison between before and after of the lesson showed case group and control group scored averages at 29.59 points and 28.21 points. However, after they attended program, case group scored 37.23 points and control group scored 32.71 points. The difference from the result of the case group was statistically significant(p<0.05). 3. Regarding the domain analysis by means of web-based traffic safety education, only the case group had a statistically significant score in the case of knowledge 'safe utilization of bicycle' and 'The Characteristic of Automobile and Safer Mode of Walking for Pedestrian'(p<0.01, p< 0.001), and in the case of attitude 'safe walking and crossing' 'The Characteristic of Automobile and Safer Mode of Walking for Pedestrian'(p<0.01, p<0.001). 4. Web based instruction for traffic safety was effective in terms of improving students' knowledge and attitude for traffic safety.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1602-1608
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• 2019

본 연구에서 우리는 혼합현실 애플리케이션을 활용해 어린이들에게 다양한 교통상황을 간접적으로 체험하게 하고, 사고의 위험에서 스스로 방어 행동을 할 수 있도록 도움을 주는 "Zetton 어린이 교통안전교육" 애플리케이션을 개발했다. 개발된 애플리케이션은 어린이 교통사고 중 사망률이 높은 사고 유형을 분석해 학습 목표를 정하였고, 목표 달성을 재미있게 체험을 할 수 있도록 개발되었다. 플레이어는 여러 교통상황을 정해진 시나리오를 플레이하는 과정에서 신호체계와 교통정보를 자연스럽게 습득할 수 있도록 체험 중심 콘텐츠가 되도록 개발하였다. 개발된 애플리케이션의 교육 효과성 검증을 위해 방과 후 교육 활동으로 어린이들에게 교통안전교육을 했다. 그 결과 교육 전보다 교육 후에 교통안전에 대한 인식과 학습 목표와 관련된 질문에 올바른 대답 빈도가 높아졌다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2492-2512
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• 2018

Multicast communication can effectively reduce network resources consumption in contrast with unicast. With the advent of SDN, current researches on multicast traffic are mainly conducted in the SDN scenario, thus to mitigate the problems of IP multicast such as the unavoidable difficulty in traffic engineering and high security risk. However, migration to SDN cannot be achieved in one step, hybrid SDN emerges as a transitional networking form for ISP network. In hybrid SDN, for acquiring similar TE and security performance as in SDN multicast, we redirect every multicast traffic to an appropriate SDN node before reaching the destinations of the multicast group, thus to build up a core-based multicast tree substantially which is first introduced in CBT. Based on the core SDN node, it is possible to realize dynamic control over the routing paths to benefit traffic engineering (TE), while multicast traffic manageability can also be obtained, e.g., access control and middlebox-supported network services. On top of that, multiple core-based multicast trees are constructed for each multicast group by fully taking advantage of the routing flexibility of SDN nodes, in order to further enhance the TE performance. The multicast routing and splitting (MRS) algorithm is proposed whereby we jointly and efficiently determine an appropriate core SDN node for each group, as well as optimizing the traffic splitting fractions for the corresponding multiple core-based trees to minimize the maximum link utilization. We conduct simulations with different SDN deployment rate in real network topologies. The results indicate that, when 40% of the SDN switches are deployed in HSDN as well as calculating 2 trees for each group, HSDN multicast adopting MRS algorithm can obtain a comparable TE performance to SDN multicast.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.34-52
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• 2019

This paper proposes an intelligent system performing an application with assistance of an Internet of Things (IoT) platform to control a traffic lights system. In our proposed systems, the traffic lights can be remotely controlled through the Internet. Based on IoT platform, the traffic conditions at different intersections of roads are collected and the traffic lights are controlled in a central manner. For the software part, the algorithm is designed based on the green wave theory to maximize the green bandwidth of arterial roads while addressing a challenging issue: the rapid changes of parameters including cycle time, splits, offset, non-fixed vehicles' velocities and traffic flow along arterial roads. The issue typically happens at some areas where the transportation system is not well organized like in Vietnam. For the hardware part, PLC S7-1200 are placed at the intersections for two purposes: to control traffic lights and to collect the parameters and transmit to a host machine at the operation center. For the communication part, the TCP/IP protocol can be done using a Profinet port embedded in the PLC. Some graphical user interface captures are also presented to illustrate the operation of our proposed system.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2012

우리나라의 교통사고건수 및 사망자 수는 감소하고 있으나, 노인 교통사고 사망자 비중은 2001년 19.5%에서 2009년에는 31.3%로 증가하는 추세이다. 본 연구에서는 노인교통안전교육의 효과평가를 분석하여 노인 스스로 교통사고의 위험을 인식하고 안전수칙 등에 대한 지식을 체계적으로 습득하여 실질적인 노인교통사고를 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 서울의 경로당과 사회복지관의 노인을 대상으로 교통안전교육을 제공한 후 교육을 진행하는 동안에 노인의 개선된 교통안전지식의 변화된 정도를 살펴보고 이를 통해 노인교통안전교육의 효과를 평가하였다. 효과평가의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해 교육을 받은 실험군과 교육을 받지 않은 대조군으로 구분하여 평가를 진행하였다. 실험군과 대조군을 이용한 효과평가 결과, 교육을 받지 않은 대조군의 경우 사전조사와 비교할 때 사후조사의 값이 2가지 항목을 제외하고는 95% 신뢰수준에서 통계적으로 차이를 보이지 않았다. 즉, 교통안전교육을 제공받지 못한 대조군에서는 교육 전 후의 교통안전행동 점수가 변화되지 않았음을 증명해주는 결과이다. 한편, 실험군의 경우 교육 전 후의 점수를 비교할 때 상당한 증가를 보였으며, 이러한 결과는 통계적으로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 95% 신뢰수준에서 모든 문항이 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 실험군이 교통안전교육 후 교통안전행동 점수가 모두 상승한 것을 의미하며 결과적으로 교육이 효과적이었음을 입증한다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.428-434
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• 2011

To establish a vessel safety management system for improving the safety of vessel's traffic and preventing vessel's traffic accidents, the state of marine traffic in the Busan South Port was investigated and analyzed as preliminary survey of the countermeasures. As a result of the study, there are 1,158 vessels in a day, 48 vessels in an hour, and the maximum traffic is about 118 vessels between 16:00 and 17:00 hours everyday, which requires to establish and operate a traffic control system necessarily for ensuring vessel's traffic safety. Furthermore, passages of tanker, passenger ship, cargo vessel and government vessel showed to sail along main traffic lane to be obtained enough sea depth at the survey area. However, passages of fishing vessel and launch showed to sail freely at all survey area owing to outstanding maneuverability and a shallow draft. Some vessels of launch sailed along main traffic lane, but other vessels crossed to sail it. The passages to cross main traffic lane is higher the risk of collision. Therefore, safety measures are urgently needed for the operation of the Busan South Port management system and the prevention of marine pollution.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

Traffic lights are common in cities and are important cues for the path planning of intelligent vehicles. In this paper, we propose a robust and efficient algorithm for recognizing traffic lights from video sequences captured by a low cost off-the-shelf camera. Instead of using color information for recognizing traffic lights, a shape based approach is adopted. In learning and detection phase, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature is used and a cascade classifier based on Adaboost algorithm is adopted as the main classifier for locating traffic lights. To decide the color of the traffic light, a technique based on histogram analysis in HSV color space is utilized. Experimental results on several video sequences from typical urban environment prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.69-94
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• 1997

Recently, occurrence of alcohol-involved traffic accidents is increasing while all the accidents by violation of law except drunk driving. Traffic accidents by drunk driving has a great external cost. In detecting drunk driving, blood alcohol content Many studies reported close correlation between blood alcohol content and traffic accidents by drunk driving. The risk of traffic accidnet increases exponentially as blood alcohol content increases. To control traffic accidents by drunk driving, decide target population. Heavy drinkers are few and responsible for a small part of the loss while casual drinkers are many and responsible for a large part of the loss. Casual drinkers need to be included in the targer population for the control of traffic accident by drunk driving. Stragegies to reduce the quantity of alcohol consumed, change the pattern of drink, such as frequency of drinking, raise of perceived risk of accident need to be sought.