• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.129-144
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• 2001

In spite of rapid sociocultural changes and an increase in the number of nuclear families in recent years, quite many families in Korea still have taken the extended family form where daughter-in-law provides care for the elderly parents. Even though the nature of the inter-generational relationship in Korea is reciprocal in many regards, most of the studies looked at the burden or costs of coresidence with the elderly parents while relatively little attention has been given to the positive side of the coresidence. This study is an attempt to fill this gap in the area. The purpose of this study is to examine not only the costs but also benefits of the coresidence with the elderly parents. We also explore whether there is a rural-urban differences in costs and benefits of coresidence and related factors. For the purpose, data were gathered from 876 daughters-in-law of three generational family both in rural and urban area, using structured questionnaire. The statistical methods used for data analysis were descriptive statistics, cross tables, and regression analysis with SPSS/PC+ program. The major findings of this study were as follows: Marital and economic status of the elderly parents, age, job status and filial responsibility attitude of caregiver, sibling support, and coresidence duration were the significant variables predicting the level of perceived benefits. Marital status of elderly parents, income, job status, educational level, and filial responsibility altitude of caregiver, residence region affected the level of perceived costs. Rural-urban differences are found in many aspects of coresidence experiences and related factors. Rural caregivers receive higher level of the sibling support, have more traditional final responsibility altitude and perceived less costs and more benefit than urban caregivers. There also are differences in the factors influencing the level of perceived costs and benefits between rural and urban area. Level of sibling support and final responsibility attitude have significant impact on both the perceived costs and benefits. But there are differences in terms of that perceived costs and benefits of urban caregivers are affected by job status of caregivers while those of rural caregivers are affected by educational level of caregivers and marital status of elderly. The results confirm that Korean caregivers experience both positive and negative aspects of coresidence and shows that the nature of the inter-generational relationships differ between rural and urban Korea.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1034-1038
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• 2007

To examine the difference of health-related quality of life (QoL) of obese patients between before and after treatment of Korean traditional medicine. This study was assessed in 18 obese-women (age 29.72${\pm}$7.38) treated by acupuncture and herbal medicine using SF-36 quality of life questionnaire between January and July 2006, a 36 item instrument yielding 8 dimensions (Social functioning, Role limitation-Physical, Role limitation-Emotion, Mental health, Vitality, Bodily pain, and General health) and a total score. Their weight was measured by Inbody 3.0 (Biospace co. Korea). QoL and body composition was assessed twice at baseline (B) and 4 weeks after treatment. Auricular acupuncture and electrical needle stimulation to abdomen, thigh, and arm fat was used twice a week and complex herb formula was prescribed according to their constitution and symptoms for 4 weeks. Herb medication was taken 2 times a day. Respective variables were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed ranks test and the level set for statistical significance was p <0.05. The mean of the body weight (P=0.000;B64,68${\pm}$6.86, 4 WKs 60.47${\pm}$5.69), fat percentage (P=0.000;B33.14${\pm}$4.86, 4 WKs 30.16${\pm}$5.34), body mass index (P=0.000;B25.18${\pm}$2.44, 4 WKs 23.46${\pm}$2.09) and fat weight (P=0.000;B21.66${\pm}$5.06, 4 WKs 18.41${\pm}$4.57) of some obese patients decreased significantly between before and after treatment for 4 weeks. Physical functioning (P=0.48;B27.06${\pm}$3.17, 4 WKs 28.00${\pm}$1.71), Mental health (P=0.01 ;B18.83${\pm}$5.25, 4 WKs 22.00${\pm}$3.73), Vitality (P=0.028;B13.89${\pm}$3.03, 4 WKs 15.44${\pm}$2.53), Bodily pain (P=.0014;B8.84${\pm}$1.75, 4 WKs 10.15${\pm}$1.78), and the total scores (P=0.001;B104.99${\pm}$12.60, 4 WKs 114.58${\pm}$11.11) of SF-36 were increased significantly after treatments. These data show some differences in QoL and BMI between before and after treatment on obesity and suggest that the treatment with acupuncture and herbal medicine have a positive impact on several domains of QoL of some obese patients. Further randomized clinical trials (RCTs) including follow-up are needed to examine whether acupuncture and herb medicine have a positive effect on QoL of treatment group compared with control group.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.51-57
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• 2018

Objectives Low back disability, along with low back pain, places a significant social burden in terms of work loss and medical expenses. Motion-Style-Acupuncture-Treatment using Traction (T-MSAT) is employed as one of the conservative treatments to such conditions. In the present study, effectiveness of Korean Medical treatments, including T-MSAT, was investigated in inpatients with low back disability and low back pain. Methods Among the patients who were admitted between January 2018 to June 2018 with disabled low back function, ones that were treated with T-MSAT were identified. Pain and function were compared at the point of admission and discharge, using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), respectively. Results Over the hospitalization period of 34.55 days, pain intensity significantly decreased from NRS score of 6.14 to 3.26 and low back function also significantly improved from ODI score of 50.93 to 33.73 upon receiving Korean Medical treatments including T-MSAT. Conclusions Korean Medical treatments including T-MSAT were found to be effective in inpatients with low back disability with a statistical significance. To evaluate the sole effectiveness of T-MSAT, rigorous clinical trials are necessitated in future.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.7 s.103
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• pp.811-822
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• 2005

Automated text categorization is to classify free text documents into predefined categories automatically and whose main goals is to reduce considerable manual process required to the task. The researches to improving the text categorization performance(efficiency) in recent years, focused on enhancing existing classification models and algorithms itself, but, whose range had been limited by feature based statistical methodology. In this paper, we propose RTPost system of different style from i.ny traditional method, which takes fault tolerant system approach and data mining strategy. The 2 important parts of RTPost system are reinforcement training and post-processing part. First, the main point of training method deals with the problem of defining category to be classified before selecting training sample documents. And post-processing method deals with the problem of assigning category, not performance of classification algorithms. In experiments, we applied our system to documents getting low classification accuracy which were laid on a decision boundary nearby. Through the experiments, we shows that our system has high accuracy and stability in actual conditions. It wholly did not depend on some variables which are important influence to classification power such as number of training documents, selection problem and performance of classification algorithms. In addition, we can expect self learning effect which decrease the training cost and increase the training power with employing active learning advantage.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.385-391
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• 2000

Recently, neural network research for forecasting the consecutive controlling rules of the future is being progressed, using the series data which are different from the traditional statistical analysis methods. In this paper, we suggest the pruning algorithm for the fast and exact weather forecast that excludes the hidden layer of the early optional designed nenral network. There are perform the weather forecast experiments using the 22080 kinds of weather data gathered from 1987 to 1996 for proving the efficiency of this suggested algorithm. Through the experiments, the early optional composed $26{\times}50{\times}1$ nenral network became the most suitable $26{\times}2{\times}1$ structure through the pruning algorithm suggested, in the optimum neural network $26{\times}2{\times}1$, in the case of the error temperature ${\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, the average was 33.55%, in the case of ${\pm}1^{\circ}C$, the average was 61.57%, they showed more superior than the average 29.31% and 54.47% of the optional designed structure, also. we can reduce the calculation frequency more than maximum 25 times as compared with the optional sturcture neural network in the calculation frequencies.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.58-63
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• 2019

The growth of the mobile device market has changed the education market and led to the quantitative growth of various media education. In particular, smart devices, which have better interaction than existing PCs or consoles, can develop more user-friendly content, allowing various types of educational content and inducing changes in traditional education methods for consumers. Although many researchers recently suggest viable development methods or marketing elements of contents, development companies, and developers, until now, merely rely on the human senses. Therefore, it is necessary to study the actual user's smart-device based usability and experience environment. This study aims to propose an intuitive statistical processing method for analyzing the usability of game-type educational contents in terms of form, for popular games that have been released as a basis for analyzing the user experience environment. In particular, because the game industry has a sufficient number of similar examples, it is possible to conduct research based on big data and to use them for immediate decision-making between multiple co-developers through the analysis method proposed by the research. It is expected to become an analytical model that can communicate with other industries because it is effective in securing data sources.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1968-1975
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• 2011

This study was performed to propose a development guide for the periphery of local industrial park in the region of Hongseng-gun located at the mid-west of Chungnam province., which is a representative agrarian society, has been approached to a super-aged society where the region shows a continuous decrease in population, and the composition ratio of old ages is about 17.1%. Also, the region is a period of a low ebb due to the traditional agriculture based industrial structure in producing mainly simple productions. Many local governments in agrarian and fishing regions have been efforted for luring some businesses in their regions by constructing industrial complex competitively in order to solve such structural problems in such local regions. However, in some cases, these efforts cause certain destructions in the local original natural environment due to such development of industrial complex and the decrease in the settlement environment of residents. The objective of this study is to establish a local development plan for building the sustainable and comfortable settlement environments based on the settlement of the residents and the labors in such industrial complex by preventing sprawl developments in the construction of general industrial complex. This study was processed as following procedures. First, this study drew the trend in the change of the local society of H-gun through collecting literatures and analyzing it. Second, this study proposed a proper level of settlement environments required to the development of surroundings in such industrial complex based on the survey of the consciousness of residents using a statistical method. Finally, this study proposed a development guide for the surroundings based on the proposed level of settlement environments.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.3 s.114
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• pp.245-266
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• 2006

This study aims to explain the emergence of Gangnam Region of Seoul as a new cluster of the Korean film industry in the context of its history of growth, recent development characteristics, and its production system. Statistical analyses of Korean industries and in-depth interview surveys to film producers were conducted. The results of the analyses show that there has been obvious tendency of film makers' move from Chungmuro, a traditional cluster of the Korean film industry, to Gangnam and many births of new film makers in Gangnam. This new cluster, however, is operating on informal networking between film makers and related personnel, not on formalized production system composed of specialized functions and labor market. Therefore, it can be called as loosely-articulated cluster. This form of cluster has much to do with production milieu of Gangnam, such as advantages of obtaining information and consumer trend, diverse atmosphere which makes it easier to meet diverse people, favorable environment to embed creativity and fresh idea, etc. This trend of the film industry to orient a specific area can be explained in conjunction with the uniqueness of the film industry, such as uncertainty, project-based work, generation gap between film makers, participation of large companies or increasing size of investment.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.259-265
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• 1997

The main purpose of this research is to provide a basic knowledge of Kimchi and to improve elementary school childrens' Kimchi intake. We researchers have done statistical analyses of 808 questionnaires completed by elementary school children and their mothers on their awareness of and preference for Kimchi. The results were as follows: About 80.2％ of the children regarded Kimchi as one of our nutritious and traditional foods, and 83.8％ of the subjects had an affirmative opinion of Kimchi intake. The most well known Kimchi is as follows: Baechu Kimchi, Kkaktugi, Nabak Kimchl, Chonggak Kimchi, Saaennip Kimchi and Buchu Kimchi. The children preferred the peculiar and refreshing taste of Kimchi. Their preference of Kimchi is in the following order: Baechu Kimchi, Skaktugi, Chonggak Kimchi, Nabak Kimchi and Oi Sobagi. And the children also preferred the stems of the cabbage. The children preferred properly fermented and freshly prepared Kimchi. Their favorite ingredients were red pepper powder, Korean radishes, pickled anchovies, sesame leaves, garlic and scallions. The children wanted Kimchi that is less hot and more sweet. The ingredients children wanted to add to Kimchi are pears, cuttlefish, oranges, apples and cucumbers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.489-498
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• 2019

This study aims to develop and apply questionnaire to identify pre-service science teachers' level of norms of science based on CUDOs, a scientific norm presented by R. Merton. In addition, we compared the pre-service science teachers' perception of scientific norm by major, grade, and gender, and analyzed the types of scientific norms through cluster analysis. For the study, 260 pre-service science teachers from two universities were involved. First, based on the CUDOs of R. Merton, 32 questionnaire items from six domains (pursuit of personal interests through scientific research, the pursuit of national interests through scientific research, pursuit of universal welfare through scientific research, non-communalism, non-universalism, and anti-organized skepticism) were developed. The study found that the statistical validity and reliability of the questionnaire items were acceptable. There were no significant differences in the scores of pre-service science teachers' anti-scientific norm by gender, major, and academic year. We conducted a cluster analysis and identified three types of scientific norms (traditional scientific norm, modern pragmatism, and utilitarian views).