• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2012

This study explores the important causal relationship between the public (domestic) and trade (international) disputes of South Korea and China. To understand the relations between the domestic and international disputes, Putnam's study of the two-level game theory has been conducted in order to analyze the effect of complicated social and political frameworks on international trade disputes. Due to the social and political differences between South Korea and China, this study provides three findings based on negotiation, policy, and strategic approaches.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.45-69
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• 2006

First, the trade competitiveness of the textile industries in South Korea has been weakening, whereas, the counterpart in China has been growing as the main export industries. Second, the trade competitiveness of the mechanics industries in South Korea has been increasing and appearing as the new promising strategic export industries. And, the counterpart in China also shows that it has been rising, while the country’s level of the imports specialization index has been weakening. Third, the trade competitiveness of the transportation industries in South Korea has been rising as the export-oriented and at the same time, privileged industries. And, China has also been rising as South Korea has been in the case, whereas, imports specialization index has been weakening. Fourth, the trade competitiveness of the electrical and electronic industries in South Korea has relatively been at the very high level, giving rise to the core export-privileged industries in the South Korea. And, China has been emerging as the new strategic export industries, as its industry structure has been shifted from the import- specialization and export-specialization industries. Fifth, it is indicated that the trade in the both South Korean and Chinese industries of fable materials, mechanics goods for computer & office, and goods for electric mechanics has been going favorable and brisk.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.93-106
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• 2020

Trade is an important economic activity. In particular, since the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the scope of trade has been expanding due to events such as the entry of China into the WTO in 2001, the establishment of a multilateral trading system, mitigation and integration of trade barriers, and the establishment of the free trade agreement (FTA). Despite the expansion of the trade market, however, extreme events such as the 2008 global financial crisis, the 2016 Brexit, and the 2018 US-China trade war have had a direct negative impact on the trade market. Therefore, the present this study analyzed the dependence structure between the international shipping freight rate index, a variable representing trade activities, and the trade uncertainty between the US and China. The following is a summary of the analysis results. First, the US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty and international shipping freight rate index presented a Frank copula and rotated Clayton copula 270° distribution, respectively, showing the same distribution structure for each country. Second, the Kendall's tau correlation revealed a negative dependence between the international shipping freight rate index and US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty. The degree of dependence was greater in the combination of uncertainty in China's trade policy and international shipping freight rates. In other words, the dependence of global demand and trade policy uncertainty confirmed that China was stronger than the US. Finally, the tail dependence results revealed that the US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty and international shipping freight rates were independent of each other. This means that extreme events related to the trade policy uncertainty or international shipping rate index were not affected by each other.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.34
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• pp.109-131
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• 2007

This paper has focusing CheongHaeJin's maritime trading activities between Korea, China and Japan in the 9th century. In operation of CheongHaeJin which Chang BoGo was given a key role, CheongHaeJin creates three nation's wealth in triangular trade among Korea, China and Japan. And also, CheongHaeJin's contribution is considerable to the maritime trade development of Northeast Asia through establishing trading advance base in China and Japan, and organizing Shilla's people in China. Chang BoGo justified the control over small business groups of the west and south sea of Korea and the east and south sea of China by keeping pirates away His trade groups controlled foreign trade of three countries: Shilla, the Dang Dynasty of China and Japan. They connected Persia, India, Southeast Asia, and China. CheongHaeJin's key success factors of the maritime activities are summarized as follows; There is a possibility of searching that successful factor from the people of operator of CheongHaeJin. Based on oceanic adventurous spirit with character and progressive thinking could complete the rally of sea influence and composition of fleets. Secondly, the success factor is the excellent operational ability and leadership which learned in the Dang Dynasty of China. Thirdly, In 9th century, International political context was suitable for CheongHaeJin's construction and operation. Such political circumstances had given to CheongHaeJin remunerative position. Finally, Although central government could not maintain the sea traffic securities, Chang BoGo's ocean trading fleets guaranteed the safe fishing industry of people and security of sea traffic.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.118-137
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• 2019

Purpose - As global trade disputes intensify and global trade uncertainty increases due to the prevailing trade protectionism all over the world, mega-FTAs such as the RCEP and CPTPP are suggested as strategic trade policy options for export-driven small open economies, such as Korea. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of Korea's mega-FTA participation and the induced implications for the Korean economy. Design/methodology - We use a multi-region, multi-sector global CGE model, and investigate the different effects of both the US-China and US-EU trade wars on the relative changes in GDP, welfare, and trade under different trade policy regimes; (i) Korea does not participate in any mega-FTA, (ii) Korea participates in the RCEP, and (iii) Korea participates in the CPTPP. Findings - We show, among others, that though industrial effects might be largely varied, the overall enlarging of free trade zones through multilateral mega-FTA participation may contribute significantly to the macroeconomic soundness and stability of Korea, even when global trade protectionism prevails. Under RCEP and CPTPP trade regimes, Korea's GDP may increase even when the global trade environment deteriorates as trade wars occur and intensify between the US and China, or between the US and EU. It is also estimated that RCEP participation increases Korea's GDP, welfare (measured in equivalent variation), and total trade by 1.12%, $1.09 billion, and 2.54%, respectively, while CPTPP participation increases them by 0.19%, $0.92 billion, and 0.13%, respectively. Originality/value - Existing studies usually focus on the direct impacts of mega-FTA participation on macroeconomic variables such as GDP, welfare, and trade, and do not consider the possible buffer effects of a mega-FTA when the global trade environment worsens. In this paper, we analyze and quantify not only the direct impacts of RCEP and CPTPP on the main macroeconomic variables but also the possible buffer effects of the RCEP and CPTPP in the cases of the US-China and US-EU trade wars.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.63-68
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• 2019

Recently, the United States and China have declared a 25% retaliatory tariff for the partner country products of 50 billion dollar scale. "Trade war" is getting full swing. Such conflicts between economic powers may spread to Japan like the domino phenomenon following the EU (European Union) and become bigger in the global trade war. As a result, Korea has an economic system with a high degree of external dependence, and there is an expert's analysis that it will become the largest victim of the global trade war. If the WTO Dispute Settlement Authority approves this US 301 retaliation measure in the same way as the past case (US-EU hormone-treated beef imports), the United States will not import any Chinese imported products Chinese products) can be imposed. If the US launches a special 301 or super 301, which is stronger than the regular 301, then China is very likely to enforce US retaliation against it, and the trade war between the two countries could become a reality. This phenomenon is likely to have a negative impact on Korean companies. In particular, Korea, which is highly reliant on intermediate goods exports to China, is expected to suffer a great deal of damage. Therefore, Korea needs flexible response at home and abroad, it is necessary to enhance the autonomy of companies and protect export industries. Adjusting corporate tax rate as well as domestic industry height will be one way. The long-term (21 months) trade war between the United States and China has resulted in economic uncertainty. The resulting damage must be compensated. It is necessary to prepare the compensation through the economic council between countries. In the future, the punitive damage compensation system should be introduced.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.99-114
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• 2022

This paper analyzed the dynamic conditional correlation between the carbon emission trading prices of Korea, China, EU, New Zealand. This paper was analyzed using the daily data of carbon emission trading prices of each country from January 12, 2015 to January 13, 2021 using the DCC-GARCH model. Summarizing the research results, first, the dynamic conditional correlation between carbon emission trading prices in the EU, Korea, and China, excluding New Zealand, was strong, indicating that there was a co-movement phenomenon. Second, it was found that carbon emission trading prices in major countries have a stronger tendency to co-movement due to global shocks. Third, it appears that the dynamic conditional correlation between the carbon emission trading prices of Korea and China is gradually strengthening. This study confirmed that the co-movement between carbon emission trading prices in Korea and other countries gradually intensified as time passed. In particular, it is meaningful in suggesting the implication that the phenomenon of co-movement between carbon emission trading prices in Korea and China is gradually intensifying.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

Purpose - The objective of the paper is to explain the economy and trade development between South Korea and Shandong, strengthening logistics Industry cooperation of both sides increasingly important. Research design, data, methodology - The study conducted a survey on Shandong is the earliest economy and trade exchanges with South Korea in China. Shandong and South Korea share the similar geopolitical, the same culture and long exchange history etc. Results - This study explores current situation and existing problems the logistics cooperation between Korea and Shandong, and recommendations so as to further trade between two sides. Conclusions - Logistics cooperation of China and South Korea is an important part of the international logistics cooperation in Northeast Asian Economic Circle, and the logistics cooperation between Shandong and South Korea occupies an important position in logistics cooperation of China and South Korea.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.3-22
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• 2016

This study analyzed the pattern of Myanmar's trade with east asia countries, Korea, China and Japan. By using RCA index and TSI index, the comparative advantage and trade specialization of Myanmar are analyzed. UN COMTRADE data from 2012 to 2014 is analyzed. After the economic sanction against Myanmar was lifted, the volume of trade of Myanmar was increased sharply as well as the trade structure is changed. The volume of trade in primary industry is decreased while the manufactured industry takes more share of trade volume. The comparative advantage of manufactured industries took more steps while those of primary industries lose. In the trade with Korea, China and Japan, Myanmar exports labor intensive products and primary goods. Trade relationship beteen Korea and Myanmar is analyzed to be primary step, while China's and Japan's are going to be advanced. China and Japan are entering to the stage of international value chain system by using abundant labor of Myanmar.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.459-469
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• 2021

Until now, research on inter-Korean economic cooperation and economic integration has been limited to the areas of the two Koreas. However, Korea is connected with many countries in Asia through the global value chain. Thus, if inter-Korean trade deepens, it may affect the trade structure of neighboring countries. In order to establish a specific inter-Korean economic integration policy when North Korea becomes a normal state in the future, an analysis that reflects the trade structure including Northeast Asia must be preceded. Therefore, in this paper, the impact of inter-Korean trade on Korea, China and Japan was analyzed using the international input and output table containing actual trade data. The scope of analysis was limited to agriculture, reflecting North Korea's demand for economic cooperation. The results show that trade in the agricultural sector between the two Koreas did not have a significant effect of production and value added. but when China and Japan participate in trade with North Korea, the production effect was calculated to be as high as 4 million dollars in Korea and up to 10 million dollars in Japan. And China showed up to 520 million dollars. In addition, the value-added effect was calculated up to $1 million in Korea, up to $4 million in Japan, and up to $250 million in China.