• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1977

This experiment was conducted in order to find out the drawing performance of a two-wheel tractor under different levels of the soil moisture and hardness, so as to obtain some basic data for improving their drawing performance. With fairly homogeneous soil, 5 levels of soil moisture contents (8, 13, 17, 20 and 23%) and 3 levels of soil hardness (0 , 2 and 4kg/$cm^2$) were selected for this experiment.The summerized results are as follows ;1. The draft force, on the hard soil (hardness ; 4kg/$cm^2$), had a distinct tendency to decrease with the increasing soil moisture. On the medium soil (hardness ; 2 kg/$cm^2$), and the soft soil (hardness ; 0kg$cm^2$), the draft force showed the highest when the moisture contents were within the range of 16-19%.But the maximum draft force, on the soft soil, was higher than that on the medium soil by 10 %. 2. The driving axle torque increased with increasing soil by 10 %. 3.The values of horizontal distance between the soil reaction point and axle shaft were within the range of 0~10cm , and it had the tendency to increase with the increasing soil moisture. Also, it s value was the largest on the hard soil and the smallest on the soft soil. 4.The tractive efficiency decreased with the increasing soil moisture. On the hard soil, the average value of tractive efficiency was higher than that on the medium soil by 19.0% and that on the soft soil was lower than that on the medium soil. 5.The traction ratio were within the range of 30 ~45%, and their changing tendency with respect to the soil moisture was similar to that in the case of the draft force. 6. The travel resistance ratio tended to increased with increasing soil moisture, and the highest value was found on the soft soil, and the lowest on the hard soil.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2017

Recently, DNA vaccination is attracting attentions as a new therapeutic method for lifestyle diseases and autoimmune diseases. However, its clinical applications are limited because a safe and efficient gene transfer method has not been established yet. In this study, a new method of gene transfer was proposed which utilizes the jet injection and the magnetic transfection. The jet injection is a method to inject medical liquid by momentary high pressure without needle. The injected liquid diffuses in the bio tissue and the endocytosis is considered to be improved by the diffusion. The magnetic transfection is a method to deliver the conjugates of plasmid DNA and magnetic particles to the desired site by external magnetic field. It is expected that jet injection of the conjugates causes slight membrane disruptions and the traction of the conjugates by magnetic field induces the efficient gene transfer. In conclusion, the possibility of improvement of the gene expression by the combination of jet injection and magnetic transfection was confirmed.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 제35회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.63-70
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• 2002

Wear on the tube-to-spring contact is investigated experimentally. The wear is caused by the vibration of the tube while the springs support it. As for the supporting conditions, applied are the contacting normal force (P) of 5 N, just-contact (P = 0 N) and the gap of 0.1 mm. The gap condition is tried far considering the influence of simultaneous impacting and sliding on wear. Results show that the wear volume increases in the order of the gap, the just-contact and the 5 N conditions. This is explained from the contact geometry of the spring, which is convex of smooth contour. The contact shear force is regarded smaller in the case of the gap existence compared with the other conditions. Wear mechanism is considered from SEM observation of the worn surface. The variation of the normal contact traction is analysed using the finite element analysis to estimate the slip displacement range on the contact with consulting the fretting map previously obtained.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1565-1574
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• 2000

Surface edge crack subjected to contact stresses is analysed. A punch with corner radii is considered to press the semi-infinite plane. Partial slip problem is solved when a shear force is applied to the punch. Dislocation density function method is used to solve the present mixed mode crack problem. The crack length of positive K1 is examined, which is affected by the ratio of the flat portion to the total width of the punch. Surface traction during one cycle of the shear force is evaluated to simulate the fretting condition. The compliance change of the contact surface is also investigated during the shear cycle. It is found that the crack grows during only a part of the cycle, which may be termed as effective period of crack growing. A design method for restraining the fretting failure is discussed, from which recommendable geometry of the punch is suggested.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2008

The vibrations and noise origin in electric material is due to several coupled physical phenomena. The revolving electric machine complete modeling is complex; it does not allow simple parametric machine structure studies for various operation modes. This work presents a simple electromagnetic model which makes possible the machine principal parts flow estimation from flux density. Special interest is given in determining Switched Reluctance Machine (S.R.M) radial acceleration in accordance with the current supply. Our focus will be only on the magnetic origin efforts that are dominating in the S.R.M. The efforts calculation versus the current is presented in the case of a machine with a linearized rate. These efforts are considered as a tangential force producing the torque and a radial force that generates no torque. The application is realized on a 6/4 low power S.R.M type (6 stator teeth and 4 teeth rotor). The mechanical response is substituted in a transfer function. The model takes account of the power supply of the machine, the relation between the current supply and the efforts as well as the vibratory response of the machine to these efforts. Finally, the model is validated by comparison with similar experimental results within the framework of the definite assumptions.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2014

차륜/레일 접촉은 철도차량의 동특성을 결정하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 철도 차륜과 레일 사이에 작용하는 토크에 의한 견인력과 마찰력을 두 원통의 접촉문제로 이론해석과 전산해석을 하고 수직하중과 전단력이 작용하는 실제 차륜과 레일에 대한 전산해석을 하였다. 철도차륜과 레일 접촉문제는 구름과 미끄러짐이 있는 탄성접촉인 크리프에 의한 크리프힘을 생성하는 과정으로서 차륜과 레일의 형상 및 마찰계수에 따라 달라짐을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.660-664
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• 2007

고속철도차량은 견인력 및 제동력을 전달하기 위하여 한 편성당 12개의 전동기를 동력차 및 동력객차에 설치하고 있다. 각각의 전동기는 회전력을 트리포드 축을 통하여 윤축에 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 한국형고속열차 트리포드 축에 회전력을 직접 측정할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하여 본선 주행시 토크를 측정하고, 그 결과를 검토하고자 한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.772-780
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• 1987

본 연구에서는 면직 및 고무 평벨트에 대하여 베트와 풀리간의 수직 및 접선 마찰력 분포를 측정하고 이들의 마찰특성을 비교하고자 하였다. 마찰접촉면적을 직 접 측정하는 대신, 표면모델에 의한 이론식을 제시하고 이론식과 실험에 의한 수직 및 접선력을 비교하여 마찰면의 표면모델과 마찰계수를 연구하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

This work deals with dynamic analysis of a monorail system with magnetic caterpillar where magnets are embedded inside each articulated element of the caterpillar, augmenting traction force of main rubber wheels to climb up slope up to 15 degree grade. Considerations are first given to determine stiffness of the primary and secondary suspension springs in order for the natural frequencies of car body and bogie associated with vertical, pitch, roll and yaw motion to be within generally accepted range of 1-2 Hz. Equations for calculating magnetic force needed to climb up given slope are derived, and a magnetic caterpillar system for 1/6 scale monorail is designed based on the derivation. To assess the hill climbing ability and cornering stability, and make sure smooth operation of the side and vertical guiding wheels which is critical for safety, a multibody model that takes into account of every component level design characteristics of car, bogie, and caterpillar is set up. Through hill climbing simulation and comparison with measurement of the limit slope, the validity of the analysis and design of the magnetic caterpillar system are demonstrated. Also by studying the curving behavior, maximum curving speed without rollover, functioning of lateral motion constraint system, the effects of geometry of guiding rails are studied.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2010

CIIR에 BR, SBR 및 NBR을 다양한 조성으로 혼합하여 블렌드물의 마찰계수와 내마모특성 및 물리적 특성 변화 등을 검토하였다. 영구압축줄음율 측정에서 블렌드비율 25%에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내어 변형에 대한 저항 특성이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. SBR, NBR, BR이 CIIR에 블렌딩됨에 따라 블렌드물의 마찰계수는 산술평균적으로 저하하는 경향을 나타내었다. 마찰력 향상을 위하여 BR에 CIIR을 블렌딩하는 경우 마찰계수 증가에 의한 접지력 향상보다는 내마모 성능 저하에 의한 마이너스효과가 더욱 큰 것으로 나타났다.