• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.381-391
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• 2020

This research article investigates the way eWOM in social media influences the formation of destination image through development of trust and satisfaction for the potential tourist. The research involved administering an 18-point questionnaire taking online reviews, tourist involvement, and eWOM, destination image components of trust and satisfaction as variables. Data was collected from 554 individuals forming a cross-section of social media users and analyzed using multi-variate techniques (Reliability, CFA, and SEM). Results indicate a positive and significant relationship between all except online review and destination trust and satisfaction. Indirect and direct effects indicate that eWOM fully mediates the relationship between destination satisfaction and involvement and partially mediates the relationship between destination trust and involvement. In the case of online reviews, eWOM acts as a full mediator between destination trust and destination satisfaction for the future traveler using social media. The study proposes that components of image vary depending upon the degree of involvement, volume online reviews and eWOM generated also termed as 'virality' and these in turn influence the intention to revisit or recommend a destination. The study highlights its utility for National Tourist Organizations (NTOs) and online travel intermediaries to enhance destination marketing efforts.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.361-369
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• 2020

This study investigates the influence of community involvement on the destination sustainability for community destinations and spiritual destinations in Vietnam. Community involvement is measured by two constructs, which are community attachment and residents' support. A structural questionnaire consisting of 41 observation variables measured on a 5-point Likert scale was used to survey households who live in a spiritual destination in An Giang province and three community destinations in Lang Son province with the help of local tour guides and Youth Union. 168 out of 200 responses collected were valid for multivariate data analysis. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) reveal three main findings. Firstly, community attachment has a direct effect on both perceived benefits and destination sustainability. Secondly, while residents' support has a direct effect on perceived benefits, it indirectly affects destination sustainability. Finally, community destinations have a higher level of sustainability than the spiritual destination. Based on those findings, this study proposed three suggestions for local authorities, policymakers, and residents to improve the sustainable development of their local tourism destinations, including (1) diversifying local tourism products, (2) encouraging the community participation in tourism development programs, and (3) increasing in the expected benefits in local tourism development policies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2020

This study aims to determine the factors influencing the community behavior in improving competitive rural tourism as well as understanding the role of economic literacy in mediating socio-economic indicators and rural competitive advantage. This research followed an explanatory research to examine the relationship between variables including socio-economic variables and rural tourism competitive advantage. The data was gathered by conducting observations and interviews with tourism businesses, stakeholders, and the local village government, and related agencies as respondents. Furthermore, the data were analyzed following inductive and descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that, from all variables used, solely the environmental impact variable did not affect economic literacy and the competitive advantage of rural tourism. The moderating variables showed that the economic literacy mediates the economic impact on rural tourism competitive advantage. In addition, socio-cultural impacts on rural competitive advantage tourism, and the stakeholder involvement affects rural competitive advantage tourism. However, economic literacy failed in mediating between environmental impacts on rural competitive advantage tourism. This is due to the increasing understanding of the economy of the community around the tourist attractions it will increase the business around the tourist attractions that have an impact on environmental damage around the tourist attractions.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.614-622
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• 2006

This study is intended to investigate the wine consumers' reason of drinking and purchasing behavior according to their product involvement. Questionnaires were obtained from wine consumers at wine retailer stores. Trained researchers of this particular study conducted survey and finally 230 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS package program(v.12.0). The subjects were categorized three different groups(high, medium, and low) based on their wine involvement. The further analysis showed that differences in reasons of wine drinking and purchasing behavior according to their involvement levels, and the characteristics of three segments were summarized at the end of the results. Consumers in high involvement drink wine mainly because they wanted to enjoy various wine experiences and have abundant knowledge for wine. Consumers in medium and low involvement would like to drink due to enjoyment of wine drinking. Expenses of purchasing, quantity and frequency of wine purchasing, country of origin, and sources for wine information showed differences among three consumer groups, but differences were not presented in type of wines and purchasing place by consumers' wine involvement.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.416-424
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 지역주민의 관광산업 관련성과 관광개발 인식이 관광영향에 어떤 영향을 미치고, 그에 따른 관광영향 지각이 지역주민의 관광정책 참여의도에 어떤 영향을 미치는 가에 대한 관계를 규명하였다. 지역주민의 관광산업 관련정도는 지역축제 영향지각 중에서 경제적 영향과 사회문화적 영향에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 환경적 영향에는 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 지역주민의 관광개발수준에 대한 지각정도는 지역축제 영향지각 각각에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치며, 영향력의 크기는 환경적 영향이 가장 크고, 관광정책 참여의도, 사회문화적 영향, 경제적 영향의 순으로 나타났다. 지역주민의 관광영향지각 요인과 관광정책 참여의도 간의 관계는 사회문화적 요인만이 관광정책 참여 의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 관광개발의 관광영향과 차이가 있을 것으로 예상된다. 향후 연구에서는 관광개발의 영향 지각을 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2022

The relevance of the published study lies in the fact that since the introduction of the first Global Distribution System, new information and communication technologies have constantly been changing the tourism industry. In the context of a current digital environment, travel agencies can't avoid participating in digital transformation processes aimed at rethinking operational models, skills, and organisational structures in the regions. This publication aims to present and provide a critical overview of digitalisation processes in tourism development in the regions of the Russian Federation, as well as to reflect on the challenges to the widespread digitalisation processes in the regional tourism sector. The subject of research is digitalisation processes, as they radically transform the modern tourism industry, in the regions as well. The pragmatic research paradigm was considered the most appropriate for the study of tourism digitalisation processes in the regions, as it does not require the selection of a specific theoretical basis for data collection. The pragmatic approach forms an alternative to classical theoretical approaches and serves as a particular type of grounded theory, combining both inductive and deductive methods. No software was used for the inductive part of the analysis. The deductive part was conducted using the qualitative data analysis software Nvivo 11. Given the wide diversity of interested parties in the regional tourism digital area, a stratified purposive sampling method was preferred due to its ability to adequately represent the full picture of the phenomenon under study. The selection and stratum criteria were chosen to maximise the representation of different perspectives in the regional tourism digital area. The novelty of the study is due to the digitalisation processes, with an implication of new needs, while opening up promising opportunities for more productive tourism business in the regions of the Russian Federation. Currently, e-tourism in the Russian Federation has become a subject of lively debate among scholars and practitioners. However, the involvement of advanced digitalisation technologies in the field of information processes in the regions of the Russian Federation is of a very sporadic character.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.179-210
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• 2015

Despite the increasing adoption of gamification and its huge potential in tourism, research in gamification is still limited. As preliminary findings show that the effectiveness of gamification depends on the context of its application and the players' use of the gamified app, this paper fills in these gaps: by exploring and analysing the application of gamification in a specific e-commerce tourism context; and assessing the gamification's effectiveness by measuring the players' gamification usage and the latter's behavioural and psychological outcomes. The gamified TripAdvisor website and its Facebook enabled gamification app are used as the specific context of the study. Findings from a survey conducted on TripAdvisor users provide useful practical and theoretical implications to gamification designers and researchers alike on how game mechanics can be designed for enhancing the users' motivation, flow, task involvement and engagement with the 'play' tasks, and so, increasing the gamification's effectiveness.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of country personality dimensions and product involvement on European consumers purchase and visit intentions, considering the Portuguese context. The increasing economic globalisation has resulted in the reducing of trade barriers between nations and the availability of more foreign products and services across borders. Therefore, the place associations of these products and services might be regarded as a potential competitive differentiator in their respective markets. Despite the proliferation of literature devoted to assessing the effects of country-of-origin, the symbolic dimension of a country's image remains understudied. A questionnaire measuring country personality dimensions, product involvement, and consumer's purchase and visit intention was passed on a sample of 335 European consumers. Country personality indeed matters both positively and negatively. Findings show that while assiduousness positively influences consumer's visit intentions, wickedness has a negative influence on consumer's purchase intentions. Findings also reveal that product involvement has a positive significant influence on consumer's purchase and visit intentions. On developing marketing strategies, international marketers and governmental decision-makers should consider product involvement attributes and specific country personality traits to provide the country's products with a competitive edge, as well as to promote the country as a travelling destination.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.177-190
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• 2020

This study aims to present explicit findings from an internal perspective, namely the interaction patterns of marketing communication between pentahelix elements and testing the expectations of tourists towards tourism activities through a simulation model between variables. This study is divided into two methods of analysis, namely qualitative explorative, where the study aims to invest in communication patterns and patterns of interaction between pentahelix stakeholders in Sitiwinangun Tourism Village, West Java, Indonesia with involve 17 informants who came from pentahelix elements (Government, academics, community, business and media). Second, quantitative method to measure the extent of effectiveness rather than collaboration activities and the role of marketing communication to tourist satisfaction is done by an analytical approach involving 30 tourists through customer satisfaction surveys. The results of this study illustrate that the involvement of each pentahelix element has not been maximized. The pattern of interaction and communication between elements also shows the gap between interests, expectations, and reality. This study provides a real picture that to realize a tourism program that is profitable, holistic, and sustainable requires collaboration that is wrapped with transparent and interactive communication patterns. The marketing communication concept approach combined with collaboration theory between stakeholders can be useful for sustainable tourism.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.483-499
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• 2009

This research is to establish a theme-type organic edu-farm model and provide ways to practically apply it so as to vitalize urban-rural exchange through the emerging concept of green tourism. This research also traces the practical development of organic edu-farm programs. Organic edu-farm(OEF) should be some of the ideas to develop organic agriculture resources according to the local features, and learn by direct and actual experience a life of organic farm. A few policy suggestions to put OEF model in practical use are proposed. What the state needs to do through direct involvement are to put efforts at demand expansion on organic farm products, to clean and beautify the green rural environmental settings, to build more urban-rural exchange facilities. What is more important, however, is financial support, to create the network and to develop program contents for each OEF operation unit. The OEF model proposed in this research will be applied as a relevant reference in planning and realizing sustainable green tourism at the village level.