• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.65-78
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• 2017

The current study examined the influence of individual trait such as Need-For-Touch level (NFT; high vs. low) and swiping orientation (vertical vs. horizontal) on product evaluation and preference when using touch-screen interface like a smart phone and a tablet. Swiping is one of the most common interaction techniques for changing pages or searching some aligned pictures on touch-screen interface and it can be used in vertical and horizontal orientations. The experiment revealed a significant interaction between swiping orientation and NFT on preference, however the interaction on change-in-price of given products was only marginally significant. To be specific, high NFT participants reported higher preference for horizontal-swipe than vertical-swipe products, but such difference did not occur with low NFT participants. The current study illustrates the influence of swiping orientation and NFT on product preference and it provides a new perspective of design principles especially for online shopping websites.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2014

As smartphones came into wide use recently, it has become increasingly popular not only among young people, but among middle-aged people as well. Most smartphones adopt capacitive full touch screen, so touch commands are made by fingers unlike the PDAs in the past that use touch pens. In this case, a significant portion of the smartphone's screen is blocked by the finger so it is impossible to see the screens around the finger touching the screen; this causes difficulties in making precise inputs. To solve this problem, this research proposes a method of using simple AR markers to improve the interface of smartphones. A marker is placed in front of the smartphone camera. Then, the camera image of the marker is analyzed to determine the position of the marker as the position of the mouse cursor. This method can enable click, double-click, drag-and-drop used in PCs as well as touch, slide, long-touch-input in smartphones. Through this research, smartphone inputs can be made more precise and simple, and show the possibility of the application of a new concept of smartphone interface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.875-877
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• 2011

This paper introduces a touch screen panel driver using modified charge pump circuit. The touch screen panel driver is composed of an analog circuit part which senses a touch and a digital circuit which analyse the sensed signal. To verify the functions the touch screen panel driver, a mixed-mode circuit was built and simulated using Cadence Spectre. The digital circuits were modeled with Verilog-A in order to interface with the analog circuits and verify the functionalities of the driver with less simulation time. From the simulation results, we can verify the reliable operations of the simple structured touch screen panel driver which does not include an ADC.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.834-848
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• 2013

To effectively use these functions many kinds of human-phone interface are used such as touch, voice, and gesture. However, the most important touch interface cannot be used in case of hand disabled person or busy both hands. Although eye tracking is a superb human-computer interface method, it has not been applied to smartphones because of the small screen size, the frequently changing geometric position between the user's face and phone screen, and the low resolution of the frontal cameras. In this paper, a new eye tracking method is proposed to act as a smartphone user interface. To maximize eye image resolution, a zoom lens and three infrared LEDs are adopted. Our proposed method has following novelties. Firstly, appropriate camera specification and image resolution are analyzed in order to smartphone based gaze tracking method. Secondly, facial movement is allowable in case of one eye region is included in image. Thirdly, the proposed method can be operated in case of both landscape and portrait screen modes. Fourthly, only two LED reflective positions are used in order to calculate gaze position on the basis of 2D geometric relation between reflective rectangle and screen. Fifthly, a prototype mock-up design module is made in order to confirm feasibility for applying to actual smart-phone. Experimental results showed that the gaze estimation error was about 31 pixels at a screen resolution of $480{\times}800$ and the average hit ratio of a $5{\times}4$ icon grid was 94.6%.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2014

This paper describes the implementation and algorithm of handwritten character recognition using mobile touch screen. The system is consisted of PXA320 processor, capacitive touch panel and QT4 interface. The proposed algorithm extracts pattern characteristics with straight, left circle, right circle on the inputting character. The definition of character is determined by 3-way tree searching method. The performance of proposed algorithm is verified using alphabet character. It is suitable to apply the mobile touch screen because of simple algorithm.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.18A no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

Touch screen technologies are widely used as the basic input for mobile devices. However, for smartphones, touch screens have been utilized as a simple device that merely process text data. It has been considered an inappropriate multimedia input device for one to use design applications, such as painting, due to its narrow touch screen space, which makes it inconvenient to draw pictures. In this study, we propose to enhance this weakness by using infrared approach on a smartphone's input interface. The usage of infrared approach will allow for quick and accurate operations without facing any space constraints. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of the design and implementation of a smartphone user interface using infrared pointing device. Additionally, using experimental results, we prove that our proposed approach is more convenient and efficient than traditional touch screen approaches used in smartphones.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.279-283
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• 2012

In is paper, we design and implement the low power, high speed touch screen controller that calculates and outputs the coordinate of touch point on the touch screen of mobile devices. The system clock is 10HMz, the number of input channels is 21, standby current is $20{\mu}A$, dynamic range of input is 140pF~400pF and the response time is 0.1ms/frame. It contains the power management unit for low power, automatic impedance calibration unit in order to adapt to humidity, temperature and evaluation board, adjacent key and pattern interference suppression unit, serial interface unit of I2C and SPI. The function and performance is verified by using FPGA and $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS standard process. The implemented touch screen is designed for using in the double layer ITO(Indium Thin Oxide) module with diamond pattern and single layer ITO module for cost-effective which are applied to mobile phone or smart remote controller.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2010

The level of competition has reached the limits in cellular phone market and the cellular phone manufacture companies started to focus their solution in user interface. Design issues with controllability led the development and renovation of such products to the use of the touch-screen phone. Depending upon the readability, technical advances, portability and controllability, user satisfaction of touch-screen phones could vary significantly. In this research, the controllability was dealt in regard to various grip postures, in order to improve menu layout which fits for using the thumbs of both hands and a thumbs of single hand. Regression models are found to the suggest the location of buttons on the screen by redesigning the menu layout, it is expected to improve both controllability and satisfaction of the user. This result can be applicable not only to mobile phone design, but also to the design of various hand-held devices using a touch screen.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1430-1436
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• 2014

We propose an algorithm which detects the touch of the fingertip on a general wall using the shadow information. Nowadays, there is a demand for presentation systems which can perceive the presenter's action so that the presenter can use natural movements without extra interface hardware. One of the most fundamental techniques in this area is the detection of the fingertip and the recognition of the touch of the fingertip on the screen. The proposed algorithm recognizes the touch of the fingertip without using the depth information, and therefore needs no depth or touch sensing devices. The proposed method computes the convex hull points of both the fingertip and the shadow of the fingertip, and then computes the distance between those points to decide whether a touch event has occured. Using the proposed method, it is possible to develop a new projector device which can perceive a fingertip touch on a general wall.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.529-536
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• 2010

Currently many people are awfully concerned about smart device in domestic and foreign mobile market. The need of smart device has been rapidly increased. Unlike a feature phone smart devices provide us with an intuitive interface which is easy to control. They are enable to smoothly interact between user and device. Though higher market outlook, there is a lack of empirical research on user interface in touch screen based on smart device. In this paper, we propose the touch interface conceptual model concentrating on user based on the result of previous research. Materials of this research are three kinds of smart devices which are currently released. Through expert's depth interview and observation of user, user's cognitive actions in smart device are defined. Since the method of the touch interface which is suitable for the action has been derived, we have proposed the conceptual model of user's cognitive action. This research imply to offer the excellent design guideline in order to implement touch interface to optimize user experience in touch screen based on smart device to release in the future.