• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.19-24
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• 2010

Purpose : This study aims to examine the influences of galvanic vestibular stimulation on autonomic reaction of normal adults. Methods : Participants in this research totaled 28 (14 men and 14 women). Galvanic vestibular stimulation was conducted with a binaural electrode configuration for 60 sec. Galvanic vestibular stimulation measurements were conducted with the subjects in a prone position. Measured items included skin conductance, blood flow, pulse rate, and respiratory rate. Measurements were repeated for a total of five times, before application, during application, after application, 5 minutes after application and 10 minutes after application. Results : Skin conductance reaction showed statistically significant differences in changes depending on time after galvanic vestibular stimulation and there were statistically differences in changes of blood flow, pulse rate and respiratory rate after galvanic vestibular stimulation. Conclusion : Blood flow, pulse rate and respiratory rate of autonomic reactions were not influenced by galvanic vestibular stimulation, but skin conductance reaction was influenced by it and it was found that it was reduced during and after stimulation rather than before stimulation. Consequently, it was considered that galvanic vestibular stimulation affected the autonomic reaction.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.120-123
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• 2020

Rapidly destructive arthrosis is a rare syndrome characterized by narrowing of the joint space and rapid joint destruction within 6~12 months. A 62-year-old woman with anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer presented with both knee pain and varus deformity. She was treated with crizotinib 500 mg/day for more than 2 years, with partial tumor response. Initial plain radiography showed Kellgren and Lawrence (K-L) grade 1. After 10 months, varus deformity was worsened and plain radiography aggravated to K-L grade 4 despite conservative treatment including activity modification. Diffuse synovitis with massive joint effusion and destruction of anterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus, medial collateral ligament, and lateral collateral ligament were shown in magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was diagnosed with rapidly destructive arthrosis of knee and underwent a both total knee arthroplasty.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.29-45
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• 2024

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the effects of pain level, lower back pain dysfunction level, psychosocial level, hip abductor strength (HAS), number of positive lumbar instability tests, and dynamic balance (DB) by applying lumbar stabilization exercises according to the presence or absence of gluteus medius muscle weakness in chronic lower back pain (CLBP) patients with lumbar instability. METHODS: Thirty-five CLBP patients with lumbar instability were divided into the gluteus medius weakness (n = 18) and gluteus medius non-weakened (n = 17) groups using the gluteus medius manual muscle test. Intervention applied conservative physical therapy and lumbar stabilization exercises to both groups that lasted three times a week for four weeks. To compare the intervention effects, the quadruple visual analog scale (QVAS), the Korean version of the Oswestry disability index (K-ODI), fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ), HAS, lumbar instability tests positive response counter (LIC), and DB were measured. RESULTS: Significant differences were shown for QVAS, K-ODI, FABQ, HAS, LIC, and DB for both groups pre- and post-intervention (p < .05). Compared to the gluteus medius weakness group, the gluteus medius non-weakened group showed a significant difference (p < .05) in the changes in QVAS, K-ODI, FABQ-W, FABQ-total, and HAS. CONCLUSION: In CLBP patients with lumbar instability, having gluteus medius weakness was less effective in improving lumbar stabilization exercise than gluteus medius non-weakness regarding pain level, lower back pain dysfunction level, psychosocial level excluding physical activity, and hip abductor strength. Therefore, additional gluteus medius strengthening exercises are necessary for patients with lumbar instability and gluteus medius muscle weakness.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.109-122
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• 2002

The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of the Nuegra on enhancement of the masculine and physical activities in general through measuring changes of the testosterone, FSH and subjective symptoms like fatigue, insomnia, urinary stream, muscular weakness, libido and erectile dysfunction. Total 168 male subjects were enrolled from 12 urology, internal medicine clinics and general practitioner, During the 6-week investigational period, 2 capsules of Nuegra were given to the subjects right after meal for 4 weeks, and 1 capsule of Nuegra was added each time in subjects with no or minimal effect. Testoster-one and FSH levels were measured at first visit and last visit, for evaluating masculine activities. To avoid bias and standardize the test results, only one clinic was assigned as a central lab, and all blood samples were transferred. General information and subjective symptoms were evaluated at first visit and at 2 weeks interval, week 2, 4 and 6 using VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). The mean age of the subjects were 51.8${\pm}$8.2 years old (range: 36.1-82.1). Based on the subjects who were tested on testosterone and FSH levels at day l and week 6, the means were 4.4${\pm}$1.4 nmol/L (range: 2.6-7.7), 8.6${\pm}$9.6 mIU/mL (range: 0.3-40.4), respectively at day 1. At week 6, the results were 4.9 ${\pm}$1.6 (2.6-8.9 range), 9.4${\pm}$13.1 (1.0-53.9 range), respectively. Marginally significant difference between pre-dose and post-dose was present. Statistically significant differences were revealed in general assessment for subjective symptoms, fatigue, insomnia, erectile dysfunction, etc. In fatigue, response rates were 39.6, 65.4 and 76.4% at week 2, 4 and 6, respectively (P < 0.0001). Response vates for erectile dysfunction were 13.4, 41.2 and 72.7% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively, Response rates for libido were 13.6, 51.6 and 73.5% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. For urinary stream response rates were 26.9, 44.7 and 66.8% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. VAS for muscular weakness did not show significant results that response rates were 40, 60 and 80% at week 2, 4, and 6 from 8.2 (P ＝ 0.24), respectively. Response rates for insomnia were 50, 60, 100% at week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.0001), respectively. The results shows that Nuegra tends to enhance masculine activities including libido, erectile dysfunction and urinary stream and also effective for improving general conditions especially insomnia, muscular weakness and fatigue. In conclusion, this investigation has demonstrated that Nuegra does not only have tendency to increase masculine activities through increased secretion of the testosterone and FSH but also improve general conditions such as erectile dysfunction, libido, fatigue and muscular power.

• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.822-832
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• 2018

Objective To determine the socio-demographic, psychologic, hematologic, or other relevant factors associated with hand grip strength in Korean farmers. Methods A total of 528 healthy Korean farmers were enrolled. Hand grip strength was measured in both hands using a hydraulic dynamometer. Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed and anthropometric measurements were obtained. Psycho-cognitive measurements such as sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and Go/No-Go test response time were conducted. In addition to physical measurements, serologic parameters including insulin-like growth factor 1 were measured. The factors associated with hand grip strength were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for age, height, and weight. Results The mean hand grip strength was associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score (${\beta}=-0.12$, p=0.01), the Go/No-Go test response time (${\beta}=-0.18$, p=0.001), vitamin D (${\beta}=0.12$, p=0.02), and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels (${\beta}=0.1$, p=0.045). In female farmers, hand grip strength was only associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score (${\beta}=-0.32$, p<0.001). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that hand grip strength was associated with sleep quality and attention in Korean farmers.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2023

Structural health monitoring (SHM) covers a range of damage detection strategies for buildings. In real-time, SHM provides a basis for rapid decision making to optimise the speed and economic efficiency of post-event response. Previous work introduced an SHM method based on identifying structural nonlinear hysteretic parameters and their evolution from structural force-deformation hysteresis loops in real-time. This research extends and generalises this method to investigate the impact of a wide range of flag-shaped or pinching shape nonlinear hysteretic response and its impact on the SHM accuracy. A particular focus is plastic stiffness (K_p), where accurate identification of this parameter enables accurate identification of net and total plastic deformation and plastic energy dissipated, all of which are directly related to damage and infrequently assessed in SHM. A sensitivity study using a realistic seismic case study with known ground truth values investigates the impact of hysteresis loop shape, as well as added noise, on SHM accuracy using a suite of 20 ground motions from the PEER database. Monte Carlo analysis over 22,000 simulations with different hysteresis loops and added noise resulted in absolute percentage identification error (median, (IQR)) in K_p of 1.88% (0.79, 4.94)%. Errors were larger where five events (Earthquakes #1, 6, 9, 14) have very large errors over 100% for resulted K_p as an almost entirely linear response yielded only negligible plastic response, increasing identification error. The sensitivity analysis shows accuracy is reduces to within 3% when plastic drift is induced. This method shows clear potential to provide accurate, real-time metrics of non-linear stiffness and deformation to assist rapid damage assessment and decision making, utilising algorithms significantly simpler than previous non-linear structural model-based parameter identification SHM methods.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

In modal analysis, the mode shape reflects the vibration characteristics of the structure, and thus it is widely performed for finite element model updating and structural health monitoring. Generally, the acceleration-based mode shape is suitable to express the characteristics of structures for the translational vibration; however, it is difficult to represent the rotational mode at boundary conditions. A tilt sensor and gyroscope capable of measuring rotational mode are used to analyze the overall behavior of the structure, but extracting its mode shape is the major challenge under the small vibration always. Herein, we conducted a feasibility study on a multi-mode shape estimating approach utilizing a single physical quantity signal. The basic concept of the proposed method is to receive multi-metric dynamic responses from two sensors and obtain mode shapes through bridge loading test with relatively large deformation. In addition, the linear transformation matrix for estimating two mode shapes is derived, and the mode shape based on the gyro sensor data is obtained by acceleration response using ambient vibration. Because the structure's behavior with respect to translational and rotational mode can be confirmed, the proposed method can obtain the total response of the structure considering boundary conditions. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, we pre-measured dynamic data acquired from five accelerometers and five gyro sensors in a lab-scale test considering bridge structures, and obtained a linear transformation matrix for estimating the multi-mode shapes. In addition, the mode shapes for two physical quantities could be extracted by using only the acceleration data. Finally, the mode shapes estimated by the proposed method were compared with the mode shapes obtained from the two sensors. This study confirmed the applicability of the multi-mode shape estimation approach for accurate damage assessment using multi-dimensional mode shapes of bridge structures, and can be used to evaluate the behavior of structures under ambient vibration.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2000

The purpose of this research was to device thermal comfort model for radiation power plant workers in protective clothing. Three fabrics commonly used in protective workwear were made into coveralls of identical design and were evaluated by adult healthy males in four simulated work environment. It was investigated between the physiological response and subjects comfort according to environmental variance and clothing types. The of simulated work enviro mensent was controlled under four different humidity and temperature of each type. (Temperature 20±1℃, RH 40∼70%±5%, Temperature 30±1℃, RH 40∼70%±5%) An index of physiological response was connected with the thermal comfort designed. Mean skin temperature, skim temperature, Axillasy temperature ear canal temperature, clothing climate, total sweat, blood pressure, and R-R interval were be evaluated. Skin temperature difference ocurring during exercise and rest were significant only with respect to time and regions of the body, This despite physical differences in the three coveralls, particulary mass statistically experiment. Also, an index of subject wearing sensation was designed for thermal comfort after investigation determined the kind of clothes and the type of environment. As a result of this research, two types of multiple regressions was deviced to estimate thermal comfort of the protective clothing.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze a relationship marketing of freight forwarders, and based on this, customer's satisfaction, trust, and long-term relationship orientation are additionally analyzed. Through previous research, a relationship marketing of freight forwarders is considered, at the same time, the key factors of a relationship marketing is divided into reputation, physical feature, size, and professionalism. Targets of survey are companies which are registered in Korea complex transportation forward association. And a total of 292 questionnaires are collected from freight forwarder in Basan and Kyongnam from November 7 through November 18 in 2011. The result of hypothesis testing, show that relations between freight forwarders and customers is mightily important. In the future research, what effects of maintaining relation between freight forwarders and customers should be analyzed.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the fully immersive virtual reality (FIVR) program changes in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by age according to heart rate variability (HRV). Methods: A total of 44 subjects were classified into group 1(aged 20-30), group 2(aged 40-60), and group 3(aged 70 and above). The study analyzed the HRV using a pulse wave analyzer and compared the ANS changes before and after applying the FIVR of the group. The LF, HF, RMSSD, and SDNN were measured. Fifteen minutes of virtual reality applications were applied to all subjects, and 1 min of rest was given in the middle of the session. A was used for anteroposterior comparisons of the ANS. Results: The HF, LF, RMSSD, and SDNN values were not statistically significant in all groups, but they all increased. The RMSSD value was statistically significant because it increased in group 3 (p<0.05). Those of the other two groups were not statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: An FIVR program does not have a negative effect on the ANS response.