• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the use of a radiopaque tissue fiducial marker (TFM) in the treatment of prostate cancer patients who undergo post-prostatectomy radiotherapy (PPRT). TFM safety, its role and benefit in quantifying the set-up uncertainties in patients undergoing PPRT image-guided radiotherapy were assessed. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 consecutive PPRT patients underwent transperineal implantation of TFM at the level of vesicourethral anastomosis in the retrovesical tissue prior to intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Prostate bed motion was calculated by measuring the position of the TFM relative to the pelvic bony anatomy on daily cone-beam computed tomography. The stability and visibility of the TFM were assessed in the initial 10 patients. Results: No postoperative complications were recorded. A total of 3,500 images were analysed. The calculated prostate bed motion for bony landmark matching relative to TFM were 2.25 mm in the left-right, 5.89 mm in the superior-inferior, and 6.59 mm in the anterior-posterior directions. A significant 36% reduction in the mean volume of rectum receiving 70 Gy (rV₇₀) was achieved for a uniform planning target volume (PTV) margin of 7 mm compared with the Australian and New Zealand Faculty of Radiation Oncology Genito-Urinary Group recommended PTV margin of 10 mm. Conclusion: The use of TFM was safe and can potentially eliminate set-up errors associated with bony landmark matching, thereby allowing for tighter PTV margins and a consequent favourable reduction in dose delivered to the bladder and rectum, with potential improvements in toxicities.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.645-653
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• 2021

With the recent development of precision medicine(Theranostics), interest and utilization of the quantitative function of SPECT/CT are increasing. This study aims to investigate the effect on the radioactivity concentration estimate by the increase or decrease in the total time of SPECT/CT imaging conditions. A standard image was obtained by the conditions of a total acquisition time of 600 sec(10 sec/f × 120 frames) by diluting ^99mTc 91.76 MBq in a cylindrical phantom filled with sterile water, and a comparative image was obtained by increasing the total acquisition time by -90%, -75%, -50%, -25%, +50%, +100%. The CNR, radioactive concentration estimate(cps/ml), and the variation rate(%) of the recovery coefficient(RC) were analyzed by measuring the overall coefficient of interest in each image. The results[CNR, Radiation Concentration, RC] by the change in the number of projections for each increase or decrease rate(-90%, -75%, -50%, -25%, +50%, +100%) of total acquisition time are as follows. [-89.5%, +3.90%, 1.04] at -90%, [-77.9%, +2.71%, 1.03] at -75%, [-55.6%, +1.85%, 1.02] at -50%, [-33.6%, +1.37%, 1.01] at -25%, [-33.7%, +0.71%, 1.01] at +50%, [+93.2%, +0.32%, 1.00] at +100%. and also The results[CNR, Radiation Concentration, RC] by the acquisition time change for each increase or decrease rate(-90%, -75%, -50%, -25%, +50%, +100%) of total acquisition time are as follows. [-89.3%, -3.55%, 0.96] at -90%, [-73.4%, -0.17%, 1.00] at -75%, [-49.6%, -0.34%, 1.00] at -50%, [-24.9%, 0.03%, 1.00] at -25%, [+49.3%, -0.04%, 1.00] at +50%, [+99.0%, +0.11%, 1.00] at +100%. Image quality(CNR) showed a pattern of change in proportion to the increase or decrease in the total acquisition time of SPECT/CT, but the result at quantitative evaluation showed a change of less than 5% in all experimental conditions, maintaining quantitative accuracy(RC less than 0.05) without much influence.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.5-29
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• 2013

본 연구는 명화감상과 연계된 확장활동이 유아의 창의성 및 정서지능에 미치는 영향에 어떠한 효과가 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 B광역시에 위치한 C어린이집과 S어린이집 만 5세 유아 31명을 대상으로 실험집단은 명화감상과 연계된 확장활동을 비교집단은 주제별 대그룹활동을 진행하였다. 창의성 측정도구는 김영채(2002)가 번안한 Torrance의 창의성 검사 중 유아에게 적합한 도형검사(Thinking Creatively with Pictures, TTCT: Firural)를 사용하였으며 정서지능 측정도구는 이영자 외(2000)가 개발한 유아용 정서지능 평가도구를 사용하였다. 그 결과 명화감상과 연계된 확장활동은 유아의 창의성 하위요인인 유창성, 독창성, 제목의 추상성 발달에 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 명화감상과 연계된 확장활동은 정서지능 하위요인에 모두 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 명화감상활동이 유아의 창의성 및 정서지능 발달에 효과적인 것을 나타내 주는 것이며 명화감상과 연계된 확장활동은 의미 있는 교수 방법으로 유아의 통합적 발달 증진에 효과적임을 시사한다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1981

This study was conducted with 478 farm households located in Pyongtaek Gun of Gyonggi Do, Chongju City and Chongwon Gun of Chung Buk Do, and Hongchon Gun of Gangwon Do for the period of 10, September through 20, October 1980. It dealt with general features of the farmhouseholds, their practices of handling and using pescides, and relationship between safe use of pesticides and poisoning experiences. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. Of the total, 63.2% purchased pesticides mainly through the Agricultural Coops, and 95.4% transported them home separately from other goods. 2 Pesticides were sold contained mainly in glass bottles and paper bags. 3. Mixing of the respodents (87.5%) stored pesticides in sheds, warehouses and boxes. 4. Mixing containers and measuring tools were not used by the majority of the group studied. This indicates that there exist serious problems of safety and accuracy with regard to use of pesticides. 5. As to pesticide protective devices, gloves, respirators, goggles and boots were not used in general. Even in case of using them, their quality was not satisfactory. 6. Among the interviewees, 4.2% did not read pesticide label, 33.9% did not wash immediately when pesticide was spilled on the skin, 48.4% did not care the wind direction during pesticide application, and 17.0% did not wash hands when smoking a cigarette while pesticide is being handled. 7. Of the total, 40.4% were found to harvest vegetables within 10 days from the date of pesticide application, which indicates their unawareness of possible hazards by pesticide residues. 8. Empty pesticide containers or bags were not properly disposed of by majority of the respondents. Furthermore, impacts on the environment by the misuse or abuse of pesticides were not understood by 67.6% 9. Of the interviewees, 48.7% were found to have not received instructions on safe use of pesticides. 10. The rate of pesticidal poisoning experience was about 28.0% if minor symptoms excluded, and it rose to about 44.0% if included. Meanwhile, the rate of pesticidal poisoning tends to increase with the size of farm. 11. The study failed to show a statistically significant relationship between the rate of pesticidal poisoning and use of mixing container and/or measuring tools. However, use of gloves showed a statistical significance on the rate of pesticidal poisoning. 12. Among the poisoned cases, 19.0% were cared for in either hospitals or clinics.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2014

목적 : 본 연구는 상상연습과 과제활동을 병행한 중재방법을 통하여 관념운동 실행증 환자의 상지 움직임 속도와 정확성에 어떠한 효과을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 대전 소재한 재활전문 요양병원에 입원하고 있는 뇌졸중 환자 2명을 대상으로 상상연습과 과제활동을 1주일에 5회기씩 총 20회기에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 중재 전 후 실행증의 변화를 비교하기 위하여 Ideomotor apraxia test를 시행하였고, 상지기능의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 MFT를 사용하였다. 상지 움직임 속도와 정확성은 시각적 그래프를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 대상자 모두 실행증 증상의 감소를 보였으나, 상지기능에는 눈에 띄는 변화는 없었다. 과제수행 총 수행시간은 376.67초에서 355.24초, 434.60초에서 391.33초로 감소했다. 과제수행 마지막 컵을 내려놓는 시간은 15.67초에서 13.30초, 20.80초에서 10.73초로 감소하였다. 옮긴 물의 양은 52.38ml에서 49.70ml, 50.89ml에서 50.09ml로 모두 50ml에 가까워지는 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 상상연습과 과제활동을 병행한 중재방법은 실행증 증상을 감소시켰으며, 상지 움직임의 속도와 정확성에 긍정적인 효과를 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 향후 관념운동 실행증 환자에게 효과적으로 적용할 수 있는 중재방법으로 여겨진다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2022

본 연구는 코로나 펜데믹에 의한 사회적 거리두기는 신체활동 감소를 가져왔고 이로 인한 근육량 감소는 혈관질환의 위험도가 높아진다고 보고되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 경동맥 내중막두께 측정을 통해 두께 증가에 따른 여러 변수들의 차이를 분석하였으며 사지근육량지수가 경동맥 내중막두께 위험도 예측을 위한 효과적 표지자로서의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 2022년 1월부터 2022년 5월까지 부산지역 H병원 건강검진센터에 검진을 목적으로 방문하여 혈청학적 검사, 경동맥초음파, 체성분검사를 시행한 남자 121명, 여자 99명 총 220명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 성별에 따른 위험인자의 유의미한 차이는 카이제곱검정을 통해 분석하였다. 동맥경화를 예측할 수 있는 변수의 Cut-off value를 구하였으며 곡선하면적, 민감도, 특이도를 산출하여 정확도를 평가하였다. 그 결과 남자는 총콜레스테롤이 높을수록 여자는 사지근육량지수가 낮을수록 경동맥 내중막두께 위험도가 높게 나타났다. 경동맥 내중막두께 위험도를 예측할 수 있는 Cut-off value는 남성그룹에서 총콜레스테롤 199 mg/dL 이상, 여성그룹에서 사지근육량지수 5.9 kg/m² 이하로 산출되었다. 따라서 사지근육량지수는 쉽게 접근이 가능한 비침습적인 검사로 성인여성의 경우 혈관변화를 조기 예측하고 예방할 수 있는 표지자 역할이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 분석과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.243-247
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• 1998

백금을 함유한 항암제로 신장과 신경계에 심각한 부작용을 일으키는 cisplatin의 혈중 농도를 flameless atomic absorption spectrometry법(FAAS)으로 분석하였다. 이 방법은 시료전처리 과정이 필요 없어 신속하고 간단한 분석법이다. 검정곡선에 대한 직선성을 조사한 결과 20~1000ng/mL 농도 범위에서 r=0.999로 나타났으며, 정확도는 50 ng/mL 이상의 농도에서 상대표준편차가 5.0% 이하 이었다. 그리고, 혈장시료 $200{\mu}L$에 대한 검출한계는 10 ng/mL 이었다. 본 방법은 cisplatin의 최적 치료 조건과 독성 경감을 위한 혈중 모니터링에 그 활용이 크게 기대된다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to develop a method for assessing the chronological age of Korean adults based on the relationship between age and size of pulp cavity using dental radiographs of mandibular first molars. Methods: A total of 325 dental radiographs of Korean adults with known age and gender were selected for the study (199 males and 126 females) which were taken in the period between January 2009 and June 2014 at the Pusan National University Dental Hospital. The measurements were carried out on both orthopantomographs (OPGs) and intraoral periapical radiographs of mandibular first molar and the following ratios were calculated: pulp chamber floor height ratio (F/L), pulp chamber ceiling height ratio (R/L), and pulp chamber depth ratio (D/L). Results: The ratios of measurements on intraoral periapical images of mandible first molar generally produce more reliable data than the measurements on OPGs. The pulp chamber floor height ratio and pulp chamber thickness ratio showed significant correlation with age, whereas the pulp chamber ceiling height ratios showed weak correlation with age. It was found that the best correlations between the ratios and age were found for pulp chamber thickness ratios (r=-0.731 to -0.751). The multiple regression models were derived using 3 ratios that were significantly correlated with age. The determination coefficients ($R^2$) of the models ranged from 0.556 to 0.596. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the pulp chamber thickness and pulp chamber floor height in mandibular first molar are an age-dependent variable in adults which can be used to estimate age with reasonable accuracy. The higher image quality of dental radiographs will probably narrow the age estimation error and improve dental age estimation.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2018

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to compare the cutting method and the lamination method to investigate whether the CAD data of the proposed inlay shape are machined correctly. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The Mesial-Occlusal shape of the inlay was modeled by changing the stereolithography (STL). Each group used SLS (metal powder) or SLA (photocurable resin) in the additive method, and wax or zirconia in the subtractive method (n=10 per group, total n=40). Three-dimensional (3D) analysis program (Geomagic Control X inspection software; 3D systems) was used for the alignment and analysis. The root mean square (RMS) in the 2D plane state was measured within $50{\mu}m$ radius of eight comparison measuring points (CMP). Differences were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey's test were used (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. There was a significant difference in RMS only in SLA and SLS of 2D section (P<.05). In CMP mean, CMP 4 ($-5.3{\pm}46.7{\mu}m$) had a value closest to 0, while CMP 6 ($20.1{\pm}42.4{\mu}m$) and CMP 1 ($-89.2{\pm}61.4{\mu}m$) had the greatest positive value and the greatest negative value, respectively. CONCLUSION. Since the errors obtained from the study do not exceed the clinically acceptable values, the lamination method and the cutting method can be used clinically.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2004

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of PEG-hemoglobin SB 1, a modified bovine hemoglobin with polyethylene glycol, after its single and multiple administration in beagle dogs. For this purpose, the analytical method of free hemoglobin in the plasma was developed and validated. Excellent linearity ($r^2$=0.999) was observed in the calibration curve data, with the limit of quantification of 0.005 g/dL. The precision and the deviation of the theoretical values for accuracy were always within $\pm$15％ in both the between-and the within-day results. The method was tested by measuring the plasma concentrations following intravenous administration to beagle dogs and was shown to be suitable for pharmacokinetic studies. In a single dose study, the plasma half-life (t$_{1}$2/) increased and the total body clearance (Cl$_{t}$) decreased with the dose (i.e., 0.017 to 0.75 gHb/kg as PEG-hemoglobin SB1) in both sexes. The volume of distribution at steady-state (Vd$_{ss}$ ) showed no difference with the dose. In contrast, the values of t$_{1}$2/, CL$_{t}$ and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) after the multiple dose were significantly different from those of the single dose administration. The values of t$_{1}$2/ in the multiple administration were about two times higher-than that of the single dose. As a result, t$_{1}$2/ of hemoglobin after the administration of PEG-hemoglobin SB1 was about 15-30 h, indicating the PEG modification of the hemoglobin lead to a prolongation of plasma concentration of the protein. Therefore, these observations suggested that the PEG modification of hemoglobin is potentially applicable in the hemoglobin-based therapeutics.tics.