• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2011

In this case report, we investigated the effects of robot-assisted gait therapy in a chronic stroke patient using motor assessment and gait analysis. A patient who suffered from the right hemiparesis following the left corona radiata and basal ganglia infarction received 30 minutes of robot-assisted gait therapy, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Outcome was measured using Motoricity index(MI), Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA), modified motor assessment scale(MMAS), isometric torque, body tissue composition, 10-meter gait speed and gait analysis. After robot-assisted gait therapy, the patient showed improvement in motor functions measured by MI, FMA, MMAS, isometric torque, skeletal muscle mass, 10-meter gait speed. In gait analysis, cadence, single support time, double support time, step length, walking speed improvement in after robot-assisted gait therapy. The results of this study showed that robot-assisted gait therapy is considered to facilitate locomotor recovery of the chronic hemiparetic stroke patient.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.911-917
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• 2018

Influence of the adaptors on the calibration of $100{\mu}H$ inductance standard was studied as a function of torque, applied when tightening the standard inductor terminal with the adaptor. Two different homemade adaptors of BPO gold-plated brass (BPO-Au) and banana-copper (BN-Cu) were made for the connection between the LCR meter and the inductance standard. The measured inductance (L) of the standard inductor and the contact resistance ($R_C$) between the adaptor and the standard inductor terminal showed exponential decreases against the torque increase from $25cN{\cdot}m$ to $150cN{\cdot}m$. The measured L and the calculated equivalence series resistance ($R_S$) were dependent on the adaptor type as well as on the $R_C$. The results of the adaptor analysis imply that the BPO-Au adaptor with the lower $R_C$ is more suitable for the inductance calibration. The calculated inductance of $99.956{\mu}H$ corrected by subtraction of the adaptor inductance and the contact resistance contributions from the measured value using the BPO-Au adaptor agreed well with the certificate ($99.948{\mu}H$) of the PTB within the measurement uncertainty of $140{\mu}H/H$.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.175-182
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intake manifold shapes to improve the engine performance in a 3-cylinder LPG engine with a closed loop fuel supply system. To know the flow resistance of intake manifolds with shape, the intake negative pressure of each runner in intake manifolds were measured by using the digital pressure meter at each driving condition. And, the engine torque and power have been measured with an engine dynamometer while adjusting the optimal fuel consumption ratio with a solenoid driver. As 속 results form this experiment, the torque characteris- tics were more improved with the plenum chamber(B type intake manifold) than with the banana type(A type intake manifold). The torque characteristics were improved at mid-engine speed(rpm) range as the inner diameter of the intake manifold became smaller. And also the optimum volume among the examined plenum chamber volume was 0.74 times(590cc) the displacement of the test engine.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2010

토크쉬어볼트의 토크계수는 환경요인에 의해 영향을 받는다. 습기, 녹, 시공중의 작업성 등. 토크쉬어볼트의 토크계수의 변동에 기인하여 볼트에 도입된 축력을 예측하는 매우 어렵다. 이런 이유로 시공중인 볼트 축력을 측정하고, 체결력을 검증하는 것은 필수적이다. 이 연구에서, 볼트에 도입된 하중을 확인하기 위해 시작품 제작이 계획되었다. 시작품의 알고리즘은 토크쉬어 전동렌치에서 얻은 전기에너지와 유압축력기에서 얻은 축력과의 상관관계를 구성한 것이다. 직접축력을 계측하는 회귀분석식은 미니탭 프로그램을 이용한 통계학적인 분석방법에서 구한 것이다. 이 시작품은 상용 토크렌치에 견줄만한 인장력을 평가하는 신뢰성이 있는 도구라고 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.315-329
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• 2024

This study was conducted for simulation model development of an electric all-wheel-drive vehicle to adapt the agricultural machinery. Data measurement system was installed on a four-wheel electric driven vehicle using proximity sensor, torque-meter, global positioning system (GPS) and data acquisition (DAQ) device. Axle torque and rotational speed were measured using a torque-meter and a proximity sensor. Driving test was performed on an upland field at a speed of 7 km·h^-1. Simulation model was developed using a multi-body dynamics software, and tire properties were measured and calculated to reflect the similar road conditions. Measured and simulated data were compared to validate the developed simulation model performance, and axle rotational speed was selected as simulation input data and axle torque and power were selected as simulation output data. As a result of driving performance, an average axle rotational speed was 115 rpm for each wheel. Average axle torque and power were 4.50, 4.21, 4.04, and 3.22 Nm and 53.42, 50.56, 47.34, and 38.07 W on front left, front right, rear left, and rear right wheel, respectively. As a result of simulation driving, average axle torque and power were 4.51, 3.9, 4.16, and 3.32 Nm and 55.79, 48.11, 51.62, and 41.2 W on front left, front right, rear left, and rear right wheel, respectively. Absolute error of axle torque was calculated as 0.22, 7.36, 2.97, and 3.11% on front left, front right, rear left, rear right wheel, respectively, and absolute error of axle power was calculated as 4.44, 4.85, 9.04, and 8.22% on front left, front right, rear left, and rear right wheel, respectively. As a result of absolute error, it was shown that developed simulation model can be used for driving performance prediction of electric driven vehicle. Only straight driving was considered in this study, and various road and driving conditions would be considered in future study.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.388-394
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• 1998

자성물질의 자기이방성을 측정하기 위해 개선된 구조의 null-type 토크마그네토미터를 설계, 제작하였다. 제작된 토크마그네토미터의 측정범위는 $0~{\pm}15\;dyne.cm$이며 조절이 가능하다. 이 범위내에서 분해능은 약 0.0005 dyne.cm 정도이며, 1회 측정시 잡음수준은 ~0.01 dyne.cm, 10회 반복측정한 경우 ~0.004 dyne.cm 이하였으며, 반복재현시 나타나는 오차는 0.5% 이하였다. 본 연구에서 제작된 토크마그네토미터는 종전의 null-type 토크마그네토미터와는 달리 영구자석을 내부에, 헬름홀쯔 코일을 외부에 위치시킨 구조의 토크미터를 포함하고 있다. 이로 인하여, 기하학적으로 등방적인 모양으로 토크미터를 설계할 수 있었으며, 헬름헬쯔 코일의 입력전선과 출력전선의 역학적 및 전기적 임피던스에 으히나 토크곡선의 왜곡을 방지할 수 있었고, 샘플막대의 관성모멘트를 줄일 수 있었다. 그 결과 토크에 대하 보다 민감하면서도 반응속도가 빠르며 토크곡선의 왜곡요인이 적은 토크마그네토미터를 제작할 수 있었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1054-1057
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• 2015

실제적인 산업분야에서 실시간 처리는 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 LabVIEW를 이용하여 RS-485 직렬통신 기반 Modbus/RTU 프로토콜을 구현하였다. 토크(Torque) 센서와 전압/전류계로부터 측정값을 입력받기 위하여 Modbus/RTU 프로토콜을 구현하였다. 입력받은 토크 값, 전압, 전류 값을 이용하여 기계적인 손실을 계산할 수 있다. LabVIEW 툴을 이용하여 소스코드를 작성하였고, 이러한 소스코드는 실제 산업현장에 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집(I)
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• pp.244-248
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• 1987

The force/torque sensor for robot is developed. The compliance algorithm for peg-in-hole insertion task using the forec/troque sensor is developed. The system consists of an IBM PC, robot, force/torque sensor, strain meter, A/D board, and interface board. The IBM PC functions as a main processor and the robot controller as a slave processor. The sensor is constructed to measure $T_x$, $T_y$, $F_z$ which are necessary to precisely execute a peg-in-hole insertion task by SCARA type assembly robot. The outputs of sensor are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis, compliance algorithm for peg-in-hole insertion task is developed. Some comments concerning the development of wrist force/torque sensor and compliance algorithm are given.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2021

Purpose. Implant mechanical complications, including screw loosening, can influence dental implant success. It has been shown that torque values are affected by contamination occurred in implant-abutment (I/A) interface. This study aimed to examine the effects of blood, saliva, fluoride and chlorhexidine contamination on reverse torque values (RTVs) of abutment screws in oral conditions. Materials and Methods. 50 fixtures were mounted into the stainless-steel holders and divided into five groups (n = 10). Except control group (NC), fixture screw holes in other groups were contaminated with chlorhexidine (CG), saliva (SG), blood (BG), or fluoride (FG). Abutment screws were tightened with a digital torque meter. I/A assemblies were subjected to thermocycling and cyclic loading. The mean RTVs were recorded and data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results. Except for specimens in SG (20.56 ± 1.33), other specimens in BG (21.11 ± 1.54), CG (22.89 ± 1.1) and FG (24.00 ± 1.12) displayed significantly higher RTVs compared to NC (19.00 ± 1.87). The highest RTVs were detected in CG and FG. Conclusion. The obtained data robustly suggest that RTVs were significantly affected by fluid contaminations. Specimens in FG and CG displayed the highest RTVs. Therefore, clinicians should have enough knowledge about probable contaminations in I/A interface in order to manage them during clinical procedure and to inform patients about using oral care products.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.302-308
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to compare removal torques and surface topography between laser treated and sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) treated implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Laser-treated implants (experimental group) and SLA-treated implants (control group) 8 mm in length and 3.4 mm in diameter were inserted into both sides of the tibiae of 12 rabbits. Surface analysis was accomplished using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM; Hitachi S-4800; Japan) under ${\times}25$, ${\times}150$ and ${\times}1,000$ magnification. Surface components were analyzed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Rabbits were sacrificed after a 6-week healing period. The removal torque was measured using the MGT-12 digital torque meter (Mark-10 Co., Copiague, NY, USA). RESULTS. In the experimental group, the surface analysis showed uniform porous structures under ${\times}25$, ${\times}150$ and ${\times}1,000$ magnification. Pore sizes in the experimental group were 20-40 mm and consisted of numerous small pores, whereas pore sizes in the control group were 0.5-2.0 mm. EDS analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups. The mean removal torque in the laser-treated and the SLA-treated implant groups were 79.4 Ncm (SD = 20.4; range 34.6-104.3 Ncm) and 52.7 Ncm (SD = 17.2; range 18.7-73.8 Ncm), respectively. The removal torque in the laser-treated surface implant group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=.004). CONCLUSION. In this study, removal torque values were significantly higher for laser-treated surface implants than for SLA-treated surface implants.