• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.55
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• pp.115-145
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• 2014

In this paper, the transition of the status of Chinese novels and the change of the knowledge field in the modern times from the end of 19th century to the early 20th century, the transition period between the tradition and the modern times, have been investigated based on Liang Qichao's assertion of the Revolution of the Novel World. How the traditional novels have been evaluated, how modern novels enlightened a people and changed the political society, and what role novels acted in the change of the knowledge field are investigated. Especially I looked into the accumulations of knowledge and changes inside China which were overlooked in the previous researches which focused on the inflow of the Western culture and its impact on Chinese culture. Firstly the evaluation and classification of the traditional novels are considered. Because the transition of the status of novels and the classification method of the catalog of books are tightly coupled with the change of academic ideologies. Later I tried to understand novels as a way of thinking the modern times with a discussion on the changes of modern knowledge society and the consideration of Liang Qichao's Revolution of the Novel World in the two viewpoints, i.e. the relationship between novels and political society, and novels and the style of writing. Liang Qichao raised novels to the topmost position of literature. He pushed the traditional poetry off the top position and replaced it with popular novels. As the outside impact of Western culture made Chinese novels a tool for enlightening the ignorant people and the medium of propagating the knowledge, the status of novels was elevated to the highest level which novels had never reached in the past. With the limitation that the valuation was not based on the aesthetic appreciation of art but based on the value for politics and society, novel was a discourse of life and death to save the country and a container of knowledge to rebuild the people's mind and convert the crisis of the national ruin.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.21
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• pp.41-84
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• 2009

Lots of cultures, memories, histories of the local life have disappeared. Some sectors of universities and religion have keep their records in manuscript archive only. On the other hand records of public sectors were at least able to be managed by the records management law. Citizen's groups and academic bounds were also roles to get public records strong. However can we just describe whole body with only public records? As records management law a record of private sector which has value of preserving can be managed under national protection. Yet establishment of local archive is not obligate. Only stressing on public records is like what dictatorial government acted in past years. It is what we ignore diversity and request of community. We need to move our view that we have focused on public and central sectors to private and local sectors. Local records management based on locality could help to complete the entire puzzle. The way complete the puzzle is various and wide spheres including from cultural space to being extinct village. Locality is defined as the property in certain area or distinctiveness of locals. Establishing production strategies is as important as collecting records produced over the past years for local archiving. Local archiving has to be regionally conducted in phase. Moreover common wealth and recognition of communities are reflected in the acquisition process. In next to archiving local organizations and private records according to collection policy, methodology on local archiving needs for archive management and use in various public and private fields. This methodology could be possible by building a local archive networking tool. It is true that Local archiving is not familiar and clear yet. If we can turn the effort for public records we have made to endeavor for private sectors, we might expect big fruits in private sectors. We easily emphasis on globalization or internationalization, our daily lives start on our villages. Setting aside our small communities, such a puzzle of the whole would never be completed. This is good time to begin finding lost puzzle for future. The key that can find lost puzzles be held in archiving localities.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2019

Baseflow which is one of the unmeasurable components of streamflow and slowly flows through underground is important for water resource management. Despite various separation methods from researches preceded, it is difficult to find a significant separation method for baseflow separation. This study applied the MRC method and developed the improved approach to separate baseflow from total streamflow hydrograph. Previous researchers utilized the whole streamflow data of study period at once to derive synthetic MRCs causing unreliable results. This study has been proceeded with total nine areas with gauging stations. Each three areas are selected from 3 domestic major watersheds. Tool for drawing MRC had been used to draw MRCs of each area. First, synthetic MRC for whole period and two other MRCs were drawn following two different criteria. Two criteria were set by different conditions, one is flow condition and the other is seasonality. The whole streamflow was classified according to seasonality and flow conditions, and MRCs had been drawn with a specialized program. The MRCs for flow conditions had low R2 and similar trend to recession segments. On the other hand, the seasonal MRCs were eligible for the baseflow separation that properly reflects the seasonal variability of baseflow. Comparing two methods of assuming MRC for baseflow separation, seasonal MRC was more effective for relieving overestimating tendency of synthetic MRC. Flow condition MRCs had a large distribution of the flow and this means accurate MRC could not be found. Baseflow separation using seasonal MRC is showing more reliability than the other one, however if certain technique added up to the flow condition MRC method to stabilize distribution of the streamflow, the flow conditions method could secure reliability as much as seasonal MRC method.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.637-651
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• 2019

In the event of a major accident such as an explosion in a refinery or a petrochemical plant, it has caused a serious loss of life and property and has had a great impact on the insurance market. In the case of catastrophic incidents occurring in process industries such as refinery and petrochemical plants, only the proximate causes of loss have been drawn and studied from inspectors or claims adjustors responsible for claims of property insurers, incident cause investigators, and national forensic service workers. However, it has not been done well for conducting root cause analysis (RCA) and identifying the factors that contributed to the failure and establishing preventive measures before leading to chemical plant's catastrophic incidents. In this study, the criteria of warning signs on CCPS catastrophic incident waning sign self-assessment tool which was derived through the RCA method and the contribution factor analysis method using the swiss cheese model principle has been reviewed first. Secondly, in order to determine the major incident warning signs in an actual chemical plant, 614 recommendations which have been issued during last the 17 years by loss control engineers of global reinsurers were analyzed. Finally, in order to facilitate the assessment index for catastrophic incident warning signs, the criteria for the catastrophic incident warning sign index at chemical plants were grouped by type and classified into upper category and lower category. Then, a catastrophic incident warning sign index for a chemical plant was developed using the weighted values of each category derived by applying the analytic hierarchy process (pairwise comparison method) through a questionnaire answered by relevant experts of the chemical plant. It is expected that the final 'assessment index for catastrophic incident warning signs' can be utilized by the refinery and petrochemical plant's internal as well as external auditors to assess vulnerability levels related to incident warning signs, and identify the elements of incident warning signs that need to be tracked and managed to prevent the occurrence of serious incidents in the future.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.47-64
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• 2021

The global spread of COVID-19 around the world has not only affected many parts of our daily life but also has a huge impact on many areas, including the economy and society. As the number of confirmed cases and deaths increases, medical staff and the public are said to be experiencing psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The collective tragedy that accompanies the epidemic raises fear and anxiety, which is known to cause enormous disruptions to the behavior and psychological well-being of many. Long-term negative emotions can reduce people's immunity and destroy their physical balance, so it is essential to understand the psychological state of COVID-19. This study suggests a method of monitoring medial news reflecting current days which requires striving not only for physical but also for psychological quarantine in the prolonged COVID-19 situation. Moreover, it is presented how an easier method of analyzing social media networks applies to those cases. The aim of this study is to assist health policymakers in fast and complex decision-making processes. News plays a major role in setting the policy agenda. Among various major media, news headlines are considered important in the field of communication science as a summary of the core content that the media wants to convey to the audiences who read it. News data used in this study was easily collected using "Bigkinds" that is created by integrating big data technology. With the collected news data, keywords were classified through text mining, and the relationship between words was visualized through semantic network analysis between keywords. Using the KrKwic program, a Korean semantic network analysis tool, text mining was performed and the frequency of words was calculated to easily identify keywords. The frequency of words appearing in keywords of articles related to COVID-19 emotions was checked and visualized in word cloud 'China', 'anxiety', 'situation', 'mind', 'social', and 'health' appeared high in relation to the emotions of COVID-19. In addition, UCINET, a specialized social network analysis program, was used to analyze connection centrality and cluster analysis, and a method of visualizing a graph using Net Draw was performed. As a result of analyzing the connection centrality between each data, it was found that the most central keywords in the keyword-centric network were 'psychology', 'COVID-19', 'blue', and 'anxiety'. The network of frequency of co-occurrence among the keywords appearing in the headlines of the news was visualized as a graph. The thickness of the line on the graph is proportional to the frequency of co-occurrence, and if the frequency of two words appearing at the same time is high, it is indicated by a thick line. It can be seen that the 'COVID-blue' pair is displayed in the boldest, and the 'COVID-emotion' and 'COVID-anxiety' pairs are displayed with a relatively thick line. 'Blue' related to COVID-19 is a word that means depression, and it was confirmed that COVID-19 and depression are keywords that should be of interest now. The research methodology used in this study has the convenience of being able to quickly measure social phenomena and changes while reducing costs. In this study, by analyzing news headlines, we were able to identify people's feelings and perceptions on issues related to COVID-19 depression, and identify the main agendas to be analyzed by deriving important keywords. By presenting and visualizing the subject and important keywords related to the COVID-19 emotion at a time, medical policy managers will be able to be provided a variety of perspectives when identifying and researching the regarding phenomenon. It is expected that it can help to use it as basic data for support, treatment and service development for psychological quarantine issues related to COVID-19.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-38
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• 2020

This study examined the factor structure of the Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile(CBCL-DP) for school-aged children in Korea identified differences in the level of maladjustment and problematic behaviors between the clinical group which had characteristics of CBCL-DP and the control group which did not. Confirmative factor analysis was performed on three alternative models from the literature to determine which was the most appropriate factor structure for the CBCL-DP. The result showed that the bi-factor model fit the sample data better than both the one and second-factor models. To confirm that the bi-factor model was the most appropriate factor structure, regression paths with relevant variables examined. The showed that CBCL-DP with the bi-factor model was associated with executive function difficulty as reported by parents and with school adjustment and all sub-factors of strength and difficulty as reported by teachers. The results also showed that this model had a different relationship with anxiety/depression, aggressive behavior, and attention problems than the other models. The clinical group was shown to have more executive function difficulty, worse adjustment of school life and to be less likely to engage in desired behaviors than the control group. These results indicate the CBCL-DP is more related to negative outcomes than any other factor, and that the bi-factor model was found to best fit the sample data, consistent with other studies. The early discovery of CBCL-DP can be used to provide interventions for high-risk children who exhibit emotional and behavioral problems, making its detection a significant diagnostic tool. The implications of these result, the limitations of this study, and areas for future research are discussed in this paper.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.41
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• pp.133-156
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• 2020

This is a paper that examines the meaning and changes of how Dalgang Song, a parenting song, is accepted in pansori works and how it plays a role in the narrative of the work. In Chapter 2, Compared the lyrics of Dalgang-Dalgang in actual parenting scene and Dalgang-Dalgang in Pansori's work. As a result, the songs in Pansori, show some differences in lyrics, but most of them kept the narrative structure intact. Among them, Gangreung-maehwa-ga maintained the phrase "Dalgang-Dalgang" in front and back, making the least changes. Simcheong-ga and Jeokbyeok-ga maintained their epic structures, but the the front and the rear phrase turned into a "Uh huh, Doong doong". And Dalgang-Dalgang was sung mostly by its mother or grandmother at the actual parenting scene, but the song in Pansori, was all sung by men. Dalgang song in Pansori, had a mostly Gyemyeon melody due to the genre characteristics of Pansori. Also Dalgang-Dalgang for actual parenting, was sung with a leisurely, soft beat. But Dalgang song in Pansori's works were sung rhythmical with Jungjungmori rhythm or Jajinmori rhythm to maximize joy. In Chapter 3, I discussed the roles and meanings of Dalgang song contained in Pansori. Dalgang-Dalgang of Simcheong-ga appeared in the crucial process of Sim Hak-kyu's return to will of life through Simcheong after the death of his wife. In Jeokbyeok-ga, Dalgang song also appeared as a tool to recall the happy memories with his son. On the other hand, Dalgang-Dalgang of Gangreung-maehwa-ga played a role of expressing affection for relationships between men and women, not between parents and children. This is beyond the original meaning of parenting, which means the hedonistic and excessive affection of Mr. Gol. The desire to change a relationship between a man and a woman into between parents and children is also found in Kim Yeon-soo's Chunhyang-ga. This change is an example of how the role and meaning of Dalgang song has changed dramatically as it was inserted into pansori. And the reason why Dalgang-Dalgang was so important in the narrative of Pansori was because of The lyrics of the song contain the love of the baby.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.74
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• pp.107-134
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to provide a foundation for establishing the correct direction of education that utilizes artificial intelligence, a key technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in the context of Christian education. To achieve this, theoretical and literature research was conducted. First, the research analyzed the historical development of artificial intelligence to understand its characteristics. Second, the research analyzed the use of artificial intelligence in convergence education from an educational perspective and examined the current policy direction in South Korea. Through this analysis, the research examined the direction of Christian education in the era of artificial intelligence. In particular, the research critically examined the perspectives of continuity and change in the context of Christian education in the era of artificial intelligence. The research reflected upon the fundamental educational purposes of Christian education that should remain unchanged despite the changing times. Furthermore, the research deliberated on the educational curriculum and teaching methods that should adapt to the changing dynamics of the era. In conclusion, this research emphasizes that even in the era of artificial intelligence, the fundamental objectives of Christian education should not be compromised. The utilization of artificial intelligence in education should serve as a tool that fulfills the mission permitted by God. Therefore, Christian education should remain centered around God, rooted in the principles of the Bible. Moreover, Christian education should aim to foster creative and convergent Christian nurturing. To achieve this, it is crucial to provide learners with an educational environment that actively utilizes AI-based hybrid learning environments and metaverse educational platforms, combining online and offline learning spaces. Moreover, to enhance learners' engagement and effectiveness in education, it is essential to actively utilize AI-based edutech that reflects the aforementioned educational environments. Lastly, in order to cultivate Christian learners with dynamic knowledge, it is crucial to employ a variety of teaching and learning methods grounded in constructivist theories, which emphasize active learner participation, collaboration, inquiry, and reflection. These approaches seek to align knowledge with life experiences, promoting a holistic convergence of faith and learning.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.161-187
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• 2010

This study begins with two research interests. Firstly, there seems to be a break of research in the field of family policy in Korea which exists especially in regard to family law. Family law was originally the core of state interventions in family life, but has been neglected because of the lack of literature with comparative research methods. This shortcoming needs to be addressed. Secondly, through inquiry into the definition of family or family policy with the lens of the law, the definition of family or family policy can be correctly extended. With these two interests combined, this research tries to derive an analytical tool - maintenance community - of the law and compare some important points of the family law of Korea with those of 16 EU-countries in terms of regime classification. The method used is, firstly, to describe the subjects of family law with a focus on partnering and parenting without subjective interpretation, and secondly, to classify the countries' family-law regimes with the criteria of privacy and autonomy using cluster analysis. The results show that the countries can be classified into three clusters: Nordic (Norway and Sweden), West-Northern (Denmark, France, England, Finland, and Belgium) and Middle South (Italy, Spain, Austria, Portugal, Netherlands, Greece, Ireland, Germany, and Korea). This result can be compared to a precedent research result which showed that 21 OECD countries can be classified in three clusters according to family policy. The number of the clusters is the same as this study, but some countries belong to other clusters; for example Denmark and Finland belong to the Nordic cluster according to family policy, while they belong to the West-Northern according to family law, and Austria, Germany, and Ireland belong to the Middle-South cluster according to family law, while they belong to the Continental according to family policy. From this result we can interpret Korean family law to be in the middle range according to both criteria of privacy and autonomy like other South-European countries including some Continental countries. We can make some theoretical suggestions. The fact that both family law and family policy regimes in countries can be classified into three clusters can be interpreted to mean that there exists parallelism between family law and family policy in a broad sense. But from the fact that some countries belong to different clusters according to family law and family policy, we can say that the family policy in a country is not always consistent with family law.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.281-302
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• 2023

Carbon is not only an essential element for life but also a key player in climate change. The radiocarbon (¹⁴C) analysis using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a powerful tool not only to understand the carbon cycle but also to track pollutants derived from fossil carbon, which have a distinct radiocarbon isotope ratio (Δ¹⁴C). Many studies have reported Δ¹⁴C of carbon compounds in streams, rivers, rain, snow, throughfall, fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), and wastewater treatment plant effluents in South Korea, which are reviewed in this manuscript. In summary, (1) stream and river carbon in South Korea are largely derived from the chemical weathering of soils and rocks, and organic compounds in plants and soils, strongly influenced by precipitation, wastewater treatment effluents, agricultural land use, soil water, and groundwater. (2) Unprecedentedly high Δ¹⁴C of precipitation during winter has been reported, which can directly and indirectly influence stream and river carbon. Although we cannot exclude the possibility of local contamination sources of high Δ¹⁴C, the results suggest that stream dissolved organic carbon could be older than previously thought, warranting future studies. (3) The ¹⁴C analysis has also been applied to quantify the sources of forest throughfall and PM_2.5, providing new insights. The ¹⁴C data on a variety of ecosystems will be valuable not only to track the pollutants derived from fossil carbon but also to improve our understanding of climate change and provide solutions.