• 제목/요약/키워드: Tool Alignment

검색결과 176건 처리시간 0.029초

철도 노선설계 모형의 AHP 평가 (Implementing AHP of Railway Design Model)

  • 신영호;김정현
    • 대한토목학회논문집
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.165-172
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    • 2015
  • 철도 노선설계 후 노선의 적합도 평가는 수요의 변화를 기준으로 한 장래 가치의 환산 또는 비용편익 분석을 통한 대안 간 평가 등으로 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 이는 설계 가능한 모든 대안의 조사가 불가능하고, 설계기준과 같은 기본 틀은 편차가 적어 대안간 적합성을 상호비교하는 데에는 적절치 못할 것이다. 또한 비용은 설계요소에 따라 변화되므로 이를 적용하는 데에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 자동화된 설계방법으로 조사된 모든 대안을 대상으로 하고, 설계기준을 모든 대안에 적용하여 기준을 벗어나지 않도록 하며, 단일 평가항목이 아닌 다 기준 의사결정 방법을 사용하여 선형설계요소의 가중치를 평가하였다. AHP (Analytic Hierarchical Process) 기법을 사용한 가중치 평가결과를 통하여 철도선형계획에서 중점을 두어야 하는 요소들을 고려함으로써, 보다 최적화된 철도선형을 도출할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

도로선형최적화를 위한 유전자 연산자의 적용 (Incorporating Genetic Operators into Optimizing Highway Alignments)

  • 김응철
    • 대한교통학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.43-54
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구에서는 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence)방법 중의 하나인 유전자 알고리즘(Genetic Algorithm)을 도로선형최적화 모형개발의 탐색엔진으로 활용하기 위한 핵심도구인 유전자 연산자(Genetic Operator)의 개발과 적용과정을 통해 그 특징과 유용성을 제시하였다. 균일돌연변이 연산자, 직선돌연변이 연산자. 비균일 돌연변이 연산자, 전체 비균일 돌연변이 연산자 등 4개의 돌연변이 연산자가 탐색영역(Search space)의 가능한 모든 부분을 탐험(Exploration)하기 위해 적용되었으며, 단순교차 연산자, 두 개의 점을 이용한 교차 연산자, 산술교차 연산자, 학습교차 연산자 등 4개의 교차 연산자가 노선대안의 우수한 유전형질을 다음세대에 효과적으로 전달(Exploitation)하기 위해 시험되었다. 사례연구와 민감도 분석과정을 통해 유전자 알고리즘 및 개발 적용된 8개 유전자 연산자의 도로선형최적화과정 도입이 우수한 노선대안을 빠르고 효과적으로 탐색함을 알 수 있었으며, 돌연변이 연산자와 교차 연산자의 효과적 조합이 상호보완기능을 통해 탐색능력의 향상에 큰 영향을 끼치는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한, 개발 적용된 연산자 이외에도 새로운 연산자의 개발 가능성이 무한하며, 이는 도로선형최적화에 유전자 알고리즘의 적용이 타당함을 반증함도 주목할 만하다.

Direct Transfer Printing of Nanomaterials for Future Flexible Electronics

  • 이태윤
    • 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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    • pp.3.1-3.1
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    • 2011
  • Over the past decade, the major efforts for lowering the cost of electronics has been devoted to increasing the packaging efficiency of the integrated circuits (ICs), which is defined by the ratio of all devices on system-level board compared to the area of the board, and to working on a larger but cheaper substrates. Especially, in flexible electronics, the latter has been the favorable way along with using novel nanomaterials that have excellent mechanical flexibility and electrical properties as active channel materials and conductive films. Here, the tool for achieving large area patterning is by printing methods. Although diverse printing methods have been investigated to produce highly-aligned structures of the nanomaterials with desired patterns, many require laborious processes that need to be further optimized for practical applications, showing a clear limit to the design of the nanomaterial patterns in a large scale assembly. Here, we demonstrate the alignment of highly ordered and dense silicon (Si) NW arrays to anisotropically etched micro-engraved structures using a simple evaporation process. During evaporation, entropic attraction combined with the internal flow of the NW solution induced the alignment of NWs at the corners of pre-defined structures. The assembly characteristics of the NWs were highly dependent on the polarity of the NW solutions. After complete evaporation, the aligned NW arrays were subsequently transferred onto a flexible substrate with 95% selectivity using a direct gravure printing technique. As proof-of-concept, flexible back-gated NW field effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated. The fabricated FETs had an effective hole mobility of 0.17 $cm2/V{\cdot}s$ and an on/off ratio of ${\sim}1.4{\times}104$. These results demonstrate that our NW gravure printing technique is a simple and effective method that can be used to fabricate high-performance flexible electronics based on inorganic materials.

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Analysis of Cross Sectional Ease Values for Fit Analysis from 3D Body Scan Data Taken in Working Positions

  • Nam, Jin-Hee;Branson, Donna H.;Ashdown, Susan P.;Cao, Huantian;Carnrite, Erica
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.87-99
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    • 2011
  • Purpose- The purpose of this study was to compare the fit of two prototype liquid cooled vests using a 3D body scanner and accompanying software. The objectives of this study were to obtain quantitative measurements of ease values, and to use these data to evaluate the fit of two cooling vests in active positions and to develop methodological protocol to resolve alignment issues between the scans using software designed for the alignment of 3D objects. Design/methodology/approach- Garment treatments and body positions were two independent variables with three levels each. Quantitative dataset were dependent variables, and were manipulated in 3x3 factorial designs with repeated measures. Scan images from eight subjects were used and ease values were obtained to compare the fit. Two different types of analyses were conducted in order to compare the fit using t-test; those were radial mean distance value analysis and radial distance distribution rate analysis. Findings- Overall prototype II achieved a closer fit than prototype I with both analyses. These were consistent results with findings from a previous study that used a different approach for evaluation. Research limitations/implications- The main findings can be used as practical feedback for prototype modification/selection in the design process, making use of 3D body scanner as an evaluation tool. Originality/value- Methodological protocols that were devised to eliminate potential sources of errors can contribute to application of data from 3D body scanners.

만성 목-어깨 통증이 있는 여성 성인에게 시청각 매체를 활용한 탄력밴드 저항운동이 통증, 고유수용성 감각과 운동기능에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Elastic Band-Resistive Exercise using Audio-visual Medium on Pain, Proprioceptive Sense, and Motor Function in Adult Females with Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain)

  • 이남기;이정우
    • 대한물리치료과학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.33-45
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    • 2024
  • Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of elastic band-resistive exercise using audio-visual medium on pain, proprioception, and motor function in adults with chronic neck and shoulder pain. Design: One group pretest-posttest follow-up experimental design. Method: Twenty adult women with neck and shoulder pain voluntarily participated in this study. Elastic band-resistive exercise using audio-visual medium including cervical flexion and extension, shoulder external rotation, and scapular retraction-protraction motions was conducted 5 times a week for 3 weeks. The Numerical Rating Scale, pressure threshold tool, CROM goniometer, and Image J software were used to assess subjective pain level, tenderness threshold (pain), joint position sense error (proprioception), joint range of motion, and postural alignment (motor function), respectively. Result:: The pain intensity and threshold and joint position sense error showed significant decreases after the intervention, whereas the joint range of motion angle revealed significant increases. The postural alignment including forward head posture and rounded shoulder revealed significant improvements after the intervention. Conclusions: Therefore, we suggest that elastic band-resistive exercise through audio-visual medium would be helpful in preventing and managing pain and physical dysfunction in individuals with chronic neck and shoulder pain, and then it would support the development of health management-related online education content.

생물정보시스템을 이용한 Local Animal BLAST Search System 구축 (Development of Local Animal BLAST Search System Using Bioinformatics Tools)

  • 김병우;이근우;김효선;노승희;이윤호;김시동;전진태;이지웅;조용민;정일정;이정규
    • Bioinformatics and Biosystems
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.99-102
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    • 2006
  • BLAST(Basic Local Alignment Search Tool)는 서열 데이터베이스 탐색을 위하여 가장 많이 사용되는 프로그램이다. 전체 서열간의 최적 글로벌 정렬을 수행하는 대신에 지역적 유사성이 있는 부분을 찾아 서열 짝짓기를 수행하는 특징을 갖는다. 일반적인 연구자들은 서열 상동성 검색을 위해 NCBI에 접속하여 웹 브라우저를 통해 온라인으로 BLAST를 수행하게 되는데, 이 경우 사용자 각각의 네트워크 환경이나 입력할 데이터양에 따른 검색속도의 지연 및 제한 등과 같은 여러 문제에 부딪히게 되고, 또한 보안유지가 필요한 서열 데이터의 유출 가능성이 존재한다. 그러므로 대량의 서열 데이터에 대하여 빠르고 안전하게 BLAST 상동성 검색이 가능한 Local BLAST 검색 시스템의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 NCBI의 Genbank에서 공개된 동물의 발현 유전자 단편들(ESTs)에 대한 데이터를 이용하여 소, 돼지, 닭, 등의 경제형질과 연관된 유용 유전자만을 추출하여 이들만으로 구성된 새로운 데이터베이스를 구축하였고, 또한 이들을 사용할 수 있는 새로운 검색시스템을 개발하였다 자체 제작한 Perl script를 사용하여 필요한 데이터를 축종별로 추출 하여 새로운 DB를 구축하였으며 이 속에는 소의 경우 650,046개, 돼지의 경우 368,120개, 닭의 경우 693,005개의 발현 유전자 단편들(ESTs)이 포함된다. 또한 이들 DB 분석이 가능한 Local Animal BLAST Web 검색시스템(http://bioinfo.kohost.net)을 고성능 병렬 PC Cluster 시스템과 연동하도록 자체 구축함으로써 본 시스템이 보다 효율적인 생물정보학 연구수행이 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

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고성능 BLAST구현을 위한 E-Cluster 기반 데이터 분할 및 질의 라우팅 기법 (A Physical Data Design and Query Routing Technique of High Performance BLAST on E-Cluster)

  • 김태경;조완섭
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.139-147
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    • 2009
  • BLAST는 생명정보학 분야에서 가장 많이 사용하는 도구이다. 이 도구는 입력서열을 기존 서열 데이터베이스와 신속히 비교하고 그 기능을 예측한다. 생물학자는 BLAST를 이용하여 실험의 범위, 시간과 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 하지만, 서열 데이터 양이 급격히 증가함에 따라 그 처리 시간도 같이 증가하여 성능개선 방안이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 대용량 BLAST처리 성능 향상을 위한 PC 기반의 클러스터 인프라 (E-Cluster)를 제시하고 이 기반에서 데이터베이스 분할기법 (Logical Partitioning)과 질의 라우팅 기법(Intra-Query)을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템을 평가하기 위해 다양한 길이의 서열들과 NR 데이터베이스와 비교하여 응답시간(Response Time), 성능 향상(Speedup), 효율(Efficiency) 관점에서 평가한다. 본 실험을 통해 기존 SMP, Cluster, 그리드 기반의 BLAST 시스템보다 성능, 효율이 뛰어남을 확인하였고, 특히 제안한 시스템의 최대 효율은 600%로 매우 높았다.

Identification of differentially expressed genes in the developmental stages from olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus using an annealing control primer system

  • Kim, Young-Ok;Park, Eun-Mi;Nam, Bo-Hye;Kong, Hee-Jeong;Kim, Woo-Jin;Noh, Jae-Koo;Lee, Sang-Jun;Kim, Kyung-Kil
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.25-30
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    • 2010
  • We employed a new and improved differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) method, which involves annealing control primers (ACPs), to identify the genes that are specifically or prominently expressed in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) juveniles (35 days post-hatch; dph) compared to larval-stage (dph 21) flounder. Using 60 ACPs, we identified eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) searches revealed eight known genes. Gene expression levels were confirmed by RT-PCR. Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) was highly expressed at 21 dph, while nephrosin, myosin light chain (MLC), myosin heavy chain (MHC), carboxypeptidase A, chymotrypsin B, fish-egg protein, and matrix protein were expressed at 35 dph. PGI, MLC, and MHC expression was further analyzed by RT-PCR. The differentially expressed genes identified in this study may provide insights into the molecular basis of development in olive flounder.

PCR-Based Detection of Mycoplasma Species

  • Sung Hyeran;Kang Seung Hye;Bae Yoon Jin;Hong Jin Tae;Chung Youn Bok;Lee Chong-Kil;Song Sukgil
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 2006
  • In this study, we describe our newly-developed sensitive two-stage PCR procedure for the detection of 13 common mycoplasmal contaminants (M. arthritidis, M. bovis, M. fermentans, M. genitalium, M. hominis, M. hyorhinis, M. neurolyticum, M. orale, M. pirum, M. pneumoniae, M. pulmonis, M. salivarium, U. urealyticum). For primary amplification, the DNA regions encompassing the 16S and 23S rRNA genes of 13 species were targeted using general mycoplasma primers. The primary PCR products were then subjected to secondary nested PCR, using two different primer pair sets, designed via the multiple alignment of nucleotide sequences obtained from the 13 mycoplasmal species. The nested PCR, which generated DNA fragments of 165-353 bp, was found to be able to detect 1-2 copies of the target DNA, and evidenced no cross-reactivity with the generated DNA of related microorganisms or of human cell lines, thereby confirming the sensitivity and specificity of the primers used. The identification of contaminated species was' achieved via the performance of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) coupled with Sau3AI digestion. The results obtained in this study furnish evidence suggesting that the employed assay system constitutes an effective tool for the disagnosis of mycoplasmal contamination in cell culture systems.

Reviving GOR method in protein secondary structure prediction: Effective usage of evolutionary information

  • Lee, Byung-Chul;Lee, Chang-Jun;Kim, Dong-Sup
    • 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
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    • pp.133-138
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    • 2003
  • The prediction of protein secondary structure has been an important bioinformatics tool that is an essential component of the template-based protein tertiary structure prediction process. It has been known that the predicted secondary structure information improves both the fold recognition performance and the alignment accuracy. In this paper, we describe several novel ideas that may improve the prediction accuracy. The main idea is motivated by an observation that the protein's structural information, especially when it is combined with the evolutionary information, significantly improves the accuracy of the predicted tertiary structure. From the non-redundant set of protein structures, we derive the 'potential' parameters for the protein secondary structure prediction that contains the structural information of proteins, by following the procedure similar to the way to derive the directional information table of GOR method. Those potential parameters are combined with the frequency matrices obtained by running PSI-BLAST to construct the feature vectors that are used to train the support vector machines (SVM) to build the secondary structure classifiers. Moreover, the problem of huge model file size, which is one of the known shortcomings of SVM, is partially overcome by reducing the size of training data by filtering out the redundancy not only at the protein level but also at the feature vector level. A preliminary result measured by the average three-state prediction accuracy is encouraging.

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