• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2001

Net Present Value (NPV) criterion has been the most widely used criterion to evaluate investment opportunities. However, the analysis based on the NPV criterion falls to consider the managerial flexibility of deferring decisions until major uncertainty is resolved. Recently, real options method attracted a lot of attention as a Powerful approach to address the problem. If investment decision is deferred, the value of the investment opportunity increases but opportunity cost increases at the same time. Therefore, it is important to decide the optimal timing how long the decision can be deferred. In this paper, we developed a model deciding the optimal decision timing. Using the real options approach, the model derived the optimal deferring time until a decision is made. Then, the model was applied to a Korean mobile telecommunications company who wants to invest on the wireless resale business. We believe that this model would be very useful to overcome the problem of NPV decision criterion. With this approach, we can make contingent decisions based on the observation of uncertainly resolutions.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.606-617
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develop a decision model that helps manufacturers and retailers determine the optimal timing of markdown in order to maximize their profit. An optimal timing decision model was developed based on three steps; conjoint measurement, scenario analysis and simulation. Data were collected from the sample of 149 out of 170 undergraduate and graduate students in Seoul in 1997. From the Jeans market, 8 brands; Levi's, lee, Guess, Calvin Klein, Pintos, Get used, MFG, and Basic, were selected as competitors for this study. In the conjoint measurement, respondents estimated the level of preference, from 1 to 100, for each item in which brand, price, style, and colors were used to explain product characteristics. Then, in order to reflect competitive situation in Jeans market, four types of scenarios were developed. In each scenario, simulations were applied to decide optimal timing of markdowns that leads to maximal profitability and sales volume. The profit was calculated based on the equation; Profit = Jean's market volume x market share of each brand - cost, where market volume was obtained by integral calculus for market utility function, and market share by logit value of part-worth from the conjoint analysis. For the purpose of the parsimony of the research, costs and the level of markdown were fixed to 30% of the regular price. In results, the optimal timing decision model identified 3 different types of brands. The brands that do not need to take markdown were Ievi's, MFG, and Basic Jeans characterized by the highest brand power and the highest price zone. The brands that needed to take early markdowns were Guess, Lee, Calvin Klein, and Get Used with the intermediate level of brand power and price. The brand that need late markdown was Pintos with the weakest brand power among the competitors and the lowest price. The optimal range of markdown remains for further research.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.783-786
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• 1997

Automatic realization of on-off human decision making was derived based on a conditional probability. Following the proposed procedure, problems of insulator washing timing in power substations and spike detection on EEG(electroencephalogram) records were appropriately solved.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2016

자가-적응 소프트웨어는 스스로 문제를 인지하여 인지한 문제에 대하여 소프트웨어 사이클이 멈추지 않고 해당 요구사항에 맞게 적응하는 소프트웨어이다. 본 논문에서는 임계점이 존재하는 시스템에서 발생하는 불필요한 적응 수행을 감소시키기 위하여 선행적 방식으로 임계점 이후의 상황을 예측함으로써 문제가 되는 이벤트를 사전에 처리하고자 한다. 실측치는 대부분 선형과 비선형이 모두 나타나기 때문에 하이브리드 모델을 사용하여 임계점 이후를 예측하며, 예측 기법의 사용 여부는 예측의 정확도를 기반으로 하는 적응 시점 판단 지표를 기준으로 한다. 본 논문의 기여점으로는 하이브리드 모델을 MAPE-K에 적용하여 임계점 이후 상황을 예측함으로써 실제 변화에 대한 불확실성을 감소시켰다는 점과 적응 시점 판단 지표를 기반으로 적응 시점을 판단함으로써 불필요한 적응 수행을 줄였다는 데에 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 Maximum Likelihood(ML) 알고리즘을 변형한 Suboptimal ML 타이밍 검출기를 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 Suboptimal ML방식은 참조신호 생성과정이 Early-Late gate 또는 ML 방식에 비해 간단하면서도 타이밍 검출기의 이득은 거의 동일한 값을 얻을 수 있다. 또한, 타이밍 추적기는 데이터 판별을 이용하기 때문에 적은 타이밍 오차 범위만이 추적 가능하다. 즉, 펄스폭이 0.7ns인 4차 가우시안 모노사이클을 사용하였을 경우, 추적 가능한 타이밍 오차는 ${\pm}0.06ns$이다. 따라서 탐색기는 높은 정확도를 갖는 획득성능을 갖고 있어야 한다. 성능 분석은 잡음뿐만아니라 송신기와 수신기의 펄스 생성과정에서 사용되는 오실레이터 지터를 고려한다. 컴퓨터 모의 실험 결과는 타이밍 검출기의 평균과 분산 및 타이밍 추적기의 추적 성능을 보여준다. 그리고 이동성에 의해 타이밍 오차가 점차적으로 증가하는 경우를 가정하여 추적성능을 제시한다. 본 논문은 타이밍 추적기의 성능을 제시하기 위해 하나의 복조기인 단인 상관기만을 고려한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.623-629
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• 2020

본 논문은 협대역 다중전송시스템의 구조 및 다중전송에 적합한 등화기의 성능 분석에 관한 것으로서. 등화 성능의 극대화를 위하여 다중전송에 있어 레인징 기법에 기반한 전송 시점 제어 방법을 제안하고, 제안된 다중 전송기법에 적합한 연판정 및 강판정 조합 궤환 적응 판정 등화기를 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 연판정 및 강판정 조합 궤환 적응 등화기는 SNR의 범위에 따라 궤환 적응 등화기의 입력으로 사용되는 판정 방법을 가변하는 것이다. 제안된 기법의 우수성을 입증하기 위하여 페이딩 채널 환경에서 모의실험을 통하여 제안된 방법의 성능을 검증하였다. 성능 검증결과, 기존 방법과 비교하여 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법이 큰 복잡도 증가 없이 기존 방법의 성능을 뛰어넘는 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1999년도 제14차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.165-168
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• 1999

The support or automation of various kinds of intelligent work is urged at large, integrated control centers. Given this demand, a decision making system for wash timing of polluted insulators, applying the Bayesian rule theory, has been developed in order to support maintenance work in the power system. The results of this system application revealed that exact wash timing of the insulators could be determined automatically, equivalent in precision to judgement by skilled operators, thus contributing to further work efficiency.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2024

Purpose - In this study, we propose an empirical model for predicting seasoned equity offering (SEO here after) using machine learning methods. Design/methodology/approach - The models utilize the random forest method based on decision trees that considers non-linear relationships, as well as the gradient boosting tree model. SEOs incur significant direct and indirect costs. Therefore, CEOs' decisions of seasoned equity issuances are made only when the benefits outweigh the costs, which leads to a non-linear relationship between SEOs and a determinant of them. Particularly, a variable related to market timing effectively exhibit such non-linear relations. Findings - To account for these non-linear relationships, we hypothesize that decision tree-based random forest and gradient boosting tree models are more suitable than the linear methodologies due to the non-linear relations. The results of this study support this hypothesis. Research implications or Originality - We expect that our findings can provide meaningful information to investors and policy makers by classifying companies to undergo SEOs.

• 한국전자파학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자파학회 2001년도 종합학술발표회 논문집 Vol.11 No.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2001

In this paper we describe the design of symbol timing and carrier synchronization algorithms for burst receiver. The demodulator consists of digital down converter, matched filter and synchronization circuits. For symbol timing recovery we use modified Gardner algorithm. And we use decision directed method for carrier phase recovery. For the sake of performance analysis, we compare simulation results with the board implemented by FPGA which is APEX20KE series chip for Alter. The performance results show it works quite well up to the condition that a frequency offset equal to 0.1% of symbol rate.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권6호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1996

In this paper, the convergence behavior of timing phase when an adaptive partial response equalizer and decision-directed type of a PLL work together in a digital recording channel is described. The phenomena of getting biased in timing phase when the convergence parameter of an adaptive partial response equalizer and timing recovery constant of a PLL are not selected properly is introduced. The phenomena, occurring due to perturbation of timing phase, are analyzed, by computer simulation and the region of ocnvergence for timing phase is discussed. Also, a method to overcome the phenomena using a variable step-size parameter is described.