• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.224-234
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• 1997

적은 양의 침입형 불순물을 함유한 고순도 재료를 제조하기 위해 70 ㎾ 걸자 빔용해기를 제작하였으며 이를 이용해서 sponge Ti와 Ti-6Al-4V 합금을 용융시켰다. 전자 빔 용해법을 이용해 정련된 sponge Ti에 대한 실험 결과를 바탕으로 초기 용해 180초 동안에는 Ti의 순도가 증가하였지만 그 이후로는 크게 변화지 않는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 Ti의 정련 결과, 침입형 불순물과 금속 불순물의 양을 포함한 전체 불순물의 양이 900 ppm인 고순도(99.9 wt%)의 Ti를 얻었다. Ti-6Al-4V 합금의 전자 빔 용해에 대한 실험 결과로부터 손실되는 Al의 양은 열역학적 데이터, regular solution model 그리고 model of solute removal kinetics를 통해서 판단할 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 이 모델들로부터 계산된 합금 조성과 실험을 통해서 구한 합금 조성이 일치하였다. 그리고 Ti-6Al-4V 합금의 조성은 매우 균일하였으며 이것은 EPMA line scanning을 통해서 확인하였다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2018

The resistance to corrosion of additive manufactured (3D printing) Ti-6Al-4V alloys was investigated using micro-electrochemical tests. In terms of corrosion resistance, the acicular martensitic ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ phase in such additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V was the focus of attention, and its behavior was distinct from that of conventional subtractive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. To order to identify ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ phase, XRD tests were performed and micro Vickers hardness was measured for different grains (bright and dark grains) in the additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Micro-electrochemical tests were performed to measure corrosion resistance of bright and dark grains in the additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy with specially designed electrochemical micro-droplet cell. Critical pitting temperature (CPT) measurement was performed to evaluate the resistance to pitting corrosion of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloys with different volumes of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ phase and subtractive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The dark grains of the laminated Ti-6Al-4V alloy distributed broader than the bright grains measured with low microhardness. The dark grains of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which was rich in martensite ${\alpha}^{\prime}$, had lower general corrosion and pitting resistance than bright grains. As the fraction of martensite ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ phase increased, the resistance to the pitting corrosion decreased.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.512-520
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to assess the surface characteristics and the biocompatibility of zirconium (Zr) coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy surface by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The zirconium films were developed on Ti-6Al-4V discs using RF magnetron sputtering method. Surface profile, surface composition, surface roughness and surface energy were evaluated. Electrochemical test was performed to evaluate the corrosion behavior. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and gene expression of mineralized matrix markers were measured. RESULTS. SEM and EDS analysis showed that zirconium deposition was performed successfully on Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate. Ti-6Al-4V group and Zr-coating group showed no significant difference in surface roughness (P>.05). Surface energy was significantly higher in Zr-coating group than in Ti-6Al-4V group (P<.05). No difference in cell morphology was observed between Ti-6Al-4V group and Zr-coating group. Cell proliferation was higher in Zr-coating group than Ti-6Al-4V group at 1, 3 and 5 days (P<.05). Zr-coating group showed higher ALP activity level than Ti-6Al-4V group (P<.05). The mRNA expressions of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin (OCN) on Zr-coating group increased approximately 1.2-fold and 2.1-fold respectively, compared to that of Ti-6Al-4V group. CONCLUSION. These results suggest that zirconium coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy could enhance the early osteoblast responses. This property could make non-toxic metal coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy suitable for orthopedic and dental implants.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2015

Ti-6Al-4V 및 Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V (AMS 4972) 합금 스크랩을 대상으로 수소화-탈수소화(HDH) 기술로 분말을 제조하고 칼슘 접촉식과 비접촉식 방법으로 탈산을 실시하여 탈산효과를 비교하였다. 타이타늄을 대상으로 한 이전 연구결과에서는 비접촉식 탈산법이 탈산 효과가 더 크다고 보고되었으나 산소함유량을 분석한 결과 Ti-6Al-4V 및 Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V 합금 분말 모두 비접촉식으로 탈산한 분말의 산소함유량이 더 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 XRD와 가스분석기를 이용하여 합금 내에 가장 많이 함유되어 있는 알루미늄이 비접촉식 탈산 공정 중 탈산에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제14권8호통권80호
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• pp.681-688
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• 2005

The high-temperature deformation mechanisms of a ${\alpha}+{\beta}$ titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), near-a titanium alloy (Ti-6.85Al-1.6V) and a single-phase a titanium alloy (Ti-7.0Al-1.5V) were deduced within the framework of inelastic-deformation theory. For this purpose, load relaxation tests were conducted on three alloys at temperatures ranging from 750 to $950^{\circ}C$. The stress-versus-strain rate curves of both alloys were well fitted with inelastic-deformation equations based on grain matrix deformation and grain-boundary sliding. The constitutive analysis revealed that the grain-boundary sliding resistance is higher in the near-${\alpha}$ alloy than in the two-phase ${\alpha}+{\beta}$ alloy due to the difficulties in relaxing stress concentrations at the triple-junction region in the near-${\alpha}$ alloy. In addition, the internal-strength parameter (${\sigma}^*$) of the near-${\alpha}$ alloy was much higher than that of the ${\alpha}+{\beta}$ alloy, thus implying that dislocation emission/ slip transfer at ${\alpha}/{\alpha}$ boundaries is more difficult than at ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ boundaries.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2010

Titanium alloy sheets have excellent specific strength and corrosion resistance as well as good performance at high temperature. Recently, titanium alloys are widely employed not only for aerospace parts but also for bio prothesis and motorcycle. However, the database is insufficient in the titanium alloy for press forming process. In this study, the effect of temperature on the forming limit diagram was investigated for Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet through the Hecker‘s punch stretching test at elevated temperature. Experimental results obtained in this study can provide a database for the development of press forming process at elevated temperature of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet. From the experimental studies it can be concluded that the formability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet is governed by the ductile failure for the testing temperature. The formability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet at $700^{\circ}C$ increases about 7 times compared with that at room temperature.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.377-380
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• 2006

Manufacturing process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy billet was investigated with FEM simulation and experimental analysis. Before the breakdown process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy ingot, FEM simulation for the breakdown processes of Ti-6Al-4V alloy ingot was used to calculate the forging load and state variables such as strain, strain rate and temperature. In order to breakdown the ingot structure and make an equiaxed structure billet, two different processes were employed for a VAR/VAR processed Ti-6Al-4V alloy ingot. Firstly, the ingot was cogged in single-phase $\beta$ field at the temperature of $1,100^{\circ}C$. In the process, the coarse and inhomogeneous structure developed by the double melting process was broken down. The second breakdown was performed by upsetting and cogging processes in $\alpha+\beta$ phase field to obtain the microstructure of fine equixed $\alpha$ structure in the matrix of transformed $\beta$. Finally, the mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy billet made in this work were compared with those of other billet and ring product.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2001

The cutting characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and total wear when machining Ti-6Al-4V alloy was studied to understand the machining characteristics. This material is one of the strong candidate materials present and future aerospace or met ical applications. Nowadays their usage has already been broaden to commercial applications such as golf club head, finger rings and many decorative items. Anticipating the general use of this material and development of the titanium alloy in domestic facilities, the review and the study of the machining parameters far those alloys are deemed necessary. This study is concentrated to the machining parameters of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy due to their dominant position in the production of tita mum alloys.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2020

In this study, the effects of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) treatment at room and high temperatures (RT and HT of 400℃) on friction and wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) were investigated. The objective of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and frictional behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by UNSM treatment. Dry friction and wear tests were conducted using a ball-on-disk method at RT with a bearing steel as the counter ball. Due to the high HT and UNSM treatment, the surface hardness tended to increase and surface roughness tended to reduce. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that nanocrystallization structure and compressive residual stress were formed at the surface layer after UNSM treatment at both RT and HT. After UNSM treatment, it was observed that the wear rate was reduced by about 6% for the specimen treated at RT and a 28% reduction for the specimen treated at HT in comparison with the untreated one. Based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the damage caused by fatigue wear occurred in the wear track of the heat-treated specimen, and it is believed to be the cause of the highest wear rate. Mechanical properties and wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were improved and prospect of industrial application was confirmed. Further research is still required to improve the characteristics of SLM Ti-6Al-4V alloy to the level of wrought Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2003

The machinability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and tool wear behavior in machining of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy was studied to understand the machining characteristics. This material is one of the strong candidate materials in present and future aerospace or medical applications. Recently, their usage has already been broaden to everyday's commercial applications such as golf club heads, finger rings and many decorative items. To anticipate the general use of this material and development of the titanium alloys in domestic facilities, the review and the study of the machining parameters for those alloys are necessary. This study is concentrated to the machining parameters of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy due to their dominant position in the production of titanium alloys.