• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.134-135
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• 2003

The dental implant materials required good mechanical properties, such as fatigue strength, combined with a high resistance to corrosion. For increasing fatigue resistance and delaying onset of stress corrosion cracking, shot peening has been used for > 50 years to extend service life of metal components. However, there is no information on the electrochemical behavior of shot peened and hydroxyapatite(HA) coated Ti-6Al-4V alloys. To increase fatigue strength, good corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, the electrochemical characteristics of Ti/TiN/HA coated and shot peened Ti-6Al-4V alloys by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) have been researched by various electrochemical method in 0.9%NaCl. Ti-6Al-4V alloys were prepared under the condition of hydrogen and vacuum arc furnace. The produced materials were quenched at 1000$^{\circ}C$ under high purity dried Ar atmosphere and were hold at 500$^{\circ}C$ for 2 hrs to achieve the fatigue strength(1140㎫) of materials. Ti-6Al-4V alloys were prepared under the condition of hydrogen and vacuum arc furnace. Shot peening(SP) and sand blasting treatment was carried out for 1, 5, and 10min. On the surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloys using the steel balls of 0.5mm and alumina sand of 40$\mu\textrm{m}$ size. Ti/TiN/HA multilayer coatings were carried out by using electron-beam deposition method(EB-PVD) as shown Fig. 1. Bulk Ti, powder TiN and hydroxyapatite were used as the source of the deposition materials. Electrons were accelerated by high voltage of 4.2kV with 80 - 120mA on the deposition materials at 350$^{\circ}C$ in 2.0 X 10-6 torr vacuum. Ti/TiN/HA multilayer coated surfaces and layers were investigated by SEM and XRD. A saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode, and high density carbon electrode as a counter electrode, were set according to ASTM GS-87. The potentials were controlled at a scan rate of 100 mV/min. by a potentiostat (EG&G Co.273A) connected to a computer system. Electrochemical tests were used to investigate the electrochemical characteristics of Ti/TiN/HA coated and shot peened materials in 0.9% NaCl solution at 36.5$^{\circ}C$. After each electrochemical measurement, the corrosion surface of each sample was investigated by SEM.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.526-531
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• 2014

Thermal shock resistance property has recently been considered to be one of the most important basic properties, in the same way that the transverse-rupture property is important for sintered hard materials such as ceramics, cemented carbides, and cermets. Attempts were made to evaluate the thermal shock resistance property of 10 vol% TaC added Ti(C,N)-Ni cermets using the infrared radiation heating method. The method uses a thin circular disk that is heated by infrared rays in the central area with a constant heat flux. The technique makes it possible to evaluate the thermal shock strength (Tss) and thermal shock fracture toughness (Tsf) directly from the electric powder charge and the time of fracture, despite the fact that Tss and Tsf consist of the thermal properties of the material tested. Tsf can be measured for a specimen with an edge notch, while Tss cannot be measured for specimens without such a notch. It was thought, however, that Tsf might depend on the radius of curvature of the edge notch. Using the Tsf data, Tss was calculated using a consideration of the stress concentration. The thermal shock resistance property of 10 vol% TaC added Ti(C,N)-Ni cermet increased with increases in the content of nitrogen and Ni. As a result, it was considered that Tss could be applied to an evaluation of the thermal shock resistance of cermets.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.239-243
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• 2005

The effect of pH and particle size on the dispersion stability of ultra-fine $BaTiO_3$ suspensions in aqueous medium have been investigated by means of zeta potential, sediment experiments, and powder properties (particle analysis, specific surface area) etc. Zeta potential as a function of pH for two particles of different size increases from -75 to +10 mV with decreasing pH from 8.5 to 1.4. The curve of zeta potential for small particle (150 nm) has slow slope than that of large particle (900nm), giving IEP (isoelectric point) value of pH=1.6 for small particle and pH=1.9 for large particle respectively, which means that it is more difficult to control zeta potential with pH fur small particle than large particle. The dispersion stability of $BaTiO_3$ particles in aqueous medium was found to be strongly related with the agglomeration of colloidal suspensions with time through the sedimentation behaviors of colloidal particles with time and pH value.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.455-461
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• 2015

SnS-$TiO_2$ nanocomposites are synthesized using simple, cheap, and less toxic $SnCl_2$ as the tin (II) precursor. The prepared nanoparticles are characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The XRD and TEM results indicate that the prepared product has SnS nanoparticles and a grain diameter of 30 nm. The DRS demonstrate that SnS-$TiO_2$ possesses the absorption profile across the entire visible light region. The generation of reactive oxygen species is detected through the oxidation reaction from 1,5-diphenyl carbazide (DPCI) to 1,5-diphenyl carbazone (DPCO). It is found that the photocurrent density and photocatalytic effect increase with the modified SnS. Excellent catalytic degradation of Texbrite BA-L (TBA) solution is observed using the SnS-$TiO_2$ composites under visible light irradiation. It is proposed that both the strong visible light absorption and the multiple exciton excitations contribute to the high visible light photocatalytic activity.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.214-214
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• 2003

제지산업에 경쟁력을 부여할 수 있는 방법의 일환으로 제지용 도공안료의 표면개질을 시도하였다 은(Ag)이 항균력이 있다는 것이 여러 사람에 의해 증명된바 있으므로 이 은의 항균력을 제지용 무기안료에 이산화티탄과 함께 표면개질하고 다기능성 복합 항균분체를 설계하였다. 표면개질장치에 설치한 기상분사장치를 통해 은 용액을 고압기상분사로 TiO$_2$입자 표면에 Coating 하였다 이때의 분무각도는 60$^{\circ}$이고 오리피스 직경은 0.6mm, 분사 압력은 14kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ 이다. TiO$_2$에 은 용액을 기상분사하여 코팅시킨 후 표면개질 계산식에 의한 배합비로 모입자(clay, CaCO$_3$, PE)와 자입자(TiO$_2$)를 혼합하였고, 분체의 대전현상을 이용하여 모입자 주위에 자입자를 부착시킨 후, 고속기류중 충격력으로 표면개질처리를 하였다 표면개질 장치를 사용하여 제지용 무기안료 표면에 은용액이 코팅된 TiO$_2$를 개질 시켰다. 각종 물성(항균성, 백색도, 산란도)과 XRD, SEM 측정을 통해 기능성 항균분체의 실용방안 가능성에 대하여 조사하였다.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 1996

The detailed crystal chemistry of ilmenite from the Hadong massif was studied by the EPMA, M ssbauer spectroscopy, and Rietveld structural refinement using X-ray powder diffraction data. The ilmenite-bearing anorthosite shows complicated mineral assemblage which consists of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, hornblende, biotite, chlorite, apatite, allanite, and zircon. Anorthite is andesine in composition (Ab 28-57), and clinopyroxene drops in ferro-hypersthene (Fs 62-70). Ilmenite is trigonal symmetry with R space group, whose structure shows the alternation of Fe2+ (M1 site) octahedral layer and Ti (M2 site) layer along c axis. M ssbauer spectroscopy indicates that there are three doubles which assigned to couple of Fe2+($\delta$=0.812, 0.890mm/sec) and one Fe3+($\delta$=0.303mm/sec) in octahedral sites. Their Fe3+/$\Sigma$Fe is 0.065 and chemical formula is established as Fe2+0.94Fe3+0.07Ti0.97O3 using both EPMA and M ssbauer analysis. Rietveld structural refinement reveals that site occupancies of Fe in M1 and Ti in M2 are 91.2% and 89.4%, respectively. This implies that Ti and Fe2+ are alternatively occupy M1 and M2 sites. In addition, smaller M2 site is more preferable to Fe3+ occupancy over M1.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2005

The lowest activation temperature of a commercial vacuum getter reported so far in literature was about $400^{\circ}C$. Recently, $Ti_{0.3}Zr_{0.2}V_{0.5}$ alloy has been reported to exhibit the activation temperature lower than $200^{\circ}C$ when they are prepared as thin film. In this study, the alloy was prepared as bulk form and its activation temperature and hydrogen sorption properties were investigated in compliance with a standard method. The alloy powder was prepared by arc melting and subsequent HDH(Hydride-DeHydride) process. The activation temperature of the alloy was estimated from the ultimate pressure-temperature curve and located between $150^{\circ}C\;and\;200^{\circ}C$. The hydrogen sorption speed measured by an orifice method was 0.895 liter/sec which is comparable to thin film of same composition.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.689-694
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• 1992

Strontium Titanate single crystal is grown by Verneuil method. Feed materials were prepared by coprecipitation method which started with Sr(NO3)2 and TiCl4. SrTiO3 can not be grown from feed materials having the stoichiometric components due to volatilization of SrO, when the powder added more 3 wt% SrO used, the crystal can be grown. Growth conditions that the pressure of oxygen and hydrogen gas was 5 psi, the flow rate of oxygen and hydrogen was 7.3 and 30ι/min respectively, the growth rate was 20 mm/hr were optimum. The grown single crystal has the diameter of 10~15 mm and its length is 30~40 mm. The grown crystal was deep brown color and somewhat transparent. The color of grown crystal was lightened after annealing.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 2016

Ferroelectric relaxor ceramics with $BaTiO_3-NaNbO_3-Bi(Mg_{1/2}Ti_{1/2})O_3$ ternary compositions (BT-NN-BMT) have been prepared by sol-gel powder synthesis and consequent bulk ceramic processing. Through the modified chemical approach, fine and single-phase complex perovskite compositions were successfully obtained. Temperature and frequency dependent dielectric properties indicated typical relaxor characteristics of the BT-NN-BMT compositions. The ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition became diffusive when NN and BMT were added to form BT based solid solutions. BMT additions to the BT-NN solid solutions affected the high temperature dielectric properties, which might be attributable to the compositional inhomogeneity of the complex perovskite and resulting weak dielectric coupling of the Bi-containing polar nanoregions (PNRs). The temperature stability of the dielectric properties was good enough to satisfy the X9R specification. The quasi-linear P-E response and the temperature- stable dielectric properties imply the high potential of this ceramic compound for use in high temperature capacitors.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.135-139
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• 2007

To produce higher quality of titanium casting at a lower cost, the new titanium casting technology by using a permanent metal mold was developed and applied to fabricate hip joint for biomedical application. The present study was carried out to investigate the reactivity and fluidity of the Ti-6.0 wt%Al-4.0 wt%V alloy with metal mold by applying various ceramic powders coating on the mold surface. The molten titanium for manufacturing hip joint was poured into steel mold. No reaction layer was formed on the surface of specimens fabricated steel mold coated with $Y_2O_3$ powder.