• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.263-274
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• 1996

Titanium dioxide ($TiO_{2}$) film has been widely used as anti-reflection coating for solar cells but not as masking oxide for metallisation and diffusion of impurities. In this paper we have investigated the properties of $TiO_{2}$ for possible incorporation into solar cell processing sequence. Thus the use of a spray deposition system to form the $TiO_{2}$ film and the characterisation of this film to ascertain its suitability to solar cell processing. The spray-on $TiO_{2}$ film was found to be resistant to all the chemicals used in conjunction with solar cell processing. The high temperature anealing (in oxygen ambient) of the spray-on $TiO_{2}$ film resulted in an increased refractive index, which indicated the growth of an underlying thin film of $SiO_{2}$ film for the passivation of silicon surface which would reduce the recombination activities of the fabricated device. Most importantly, the successful incorporation of the $TiO{2}$ film will lead to the reduction of the many high temperature processing steps of solar cell to only one.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2018

This study interrogated multi-layer heterojunction anodes were interrogated for potential applications to water treatment. The multi-layer anodes with outer layers of $SnO_2/Bi_2O_3$ and/or $TiO_2/Bi_2O_3$ onto $IrO_2/Ta_2O_5$ electrodes were prepared by thermal decomposition and characterized in terms of reactive chlorine species (RCS) generation in 50 mM NaCl solutions. The $IrO_2/Ta_2O_5$ layer on Ti substrate (Anode 1) primarily served as an electron shuttle. The current efficiency (CE) and energy efficiency (EE) for RCS generation were significantly enhanced by the further coating of $SnO_2/Bi_2O_3$ (Anode 2) and $TiO_2/Bi_2O_3$ (Anode 3) layers onto the Anode 1, despite moderate losses in electrical conductivity and active surface area. The CE of the Anode 3 was found to show the highest RCS generation rate, whereas the multi-junction architecture (Anode 4, sequential coating of $IrO_2/Ta_2O_5$, $SnO_2/Bi_2O_3$, and $TiO_2/Bi_2O_3$) showed marginal improvement. The microscopic observations indicated that the outer $TiO_2/Bi_2O_3$ could form a crack-free layer by an incorporation of anatase $TiO_2$ particles, potentially increasing the service life of the anode. The results of this study are expected to broaden the usage of dimensionally stable anodes in water treatment with an enhanced RCS generation and lifetime.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.7
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• pp.77-84
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• 1995

We studied the effects of the Zr/Ti ration and the bottom electrode (Pt or ITO) on the electrical properties of PZT thin films prepared by sol-gel method. Their permittivities and tagent losses with the variation of frequencies were measured by the LCR meter and their maximum polarizations, remanent polarizations, and coercive fields were obtained from the hysteresis loops measured by the Sawyer-Tower circuit. For the PZT thin film of the Zr/Ti ration of 53/47, permittivity at 10kHz, coercive field, maximum and remanent polarizations ere measured as 952, 20.7kV/cm, 10.43${\mu}C/cm^{2}$ and 4.3${\mu}C/cm^{2}$, respectively. For the film of the Zr/Ti ration of 25/75, coercive field, maximum and remanent polarizations were measured as 33.12kV/cm, 5.59${\mu}C/cm^{2}$ and 1.5${\mu}C/cm^{2}$, respectively. For the film of the Zr/Ti ratio of 75/25, they were measured as 23.8kV/cm, 7.45${\mu}C/cm^{2}$, and 3.5${\mu}C/cm^{2}$, repectively. Our investigation into the effects of the lower electrode on the electrical properties of PZT films showed the following results. The permittivities of the PZT films deposited on the ITO electrode decreased more quickly than those of the PZT films on the Pt electrode. The tangent losses of the former films increased more quickly than those of the latter. These may be due to the degradation of the quality of the interface between the electrode and the film, which results from the diffusion of Pb. It is also noticeable that permittivities and tangent losses of the PZT films deposited on the ITO electrode varied differently with the Zr/Ti ratio. This may indicate that the quality of the interface between the electrode and the film changes with the Zr/Ti ration of the PZT film.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.15-22
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• 2011

Integrated-optic symmetric/asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers at $1.3{\mu}m$ wavelength were studied as sensing part for electric-field measurement system. The devices were simulated based on the BPM software and fabricated utilizing Ti-diffused $LiNbO_3$ channel optical waveguides and lumped-type electrodes. A half-wave voltage of $V_{\pi}$=6.6V and modulation depth of 100% and 75% for a symmetric structure were measured for 200Hz and 1kHz electrical signal bandwidth, respectively. By the way, almost half-maximum power transmission was observed for asymmetric interferometers with ${\pi}$/2 intrinsic phase difference. Expected experimental measurements were observed for 1kHz electrical signal bandwidth.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07d
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• pp.1501-1503
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• 1999

The $(Sr_{0.85}Ca_{0.15})TiO_3$(SCT) thin films are deposited on Pt-coated electrode$(Pt/TiO_2/SiO_2/Si)$ using RF sputtering method. Ag, Cu, Al, Pt films for the formation of top eletrode were doposited on SCT thin films by thermal evaporator and sputtering. The effects of top electodes have be studied on SCT samples with a variety of top electrode materials.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.135-143
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 대기오염물질인 유해 황산화물 가스를 이산화티탄 촉매 반응기와 연면 방전 반응기를 조합한 반응기에서 플라즈마 방전반응에 의하여 주파수 변화, 체류시간, 전극의 굵기, 첨가 모의가스 등의 공정 변수를 변화 시켜 분해제거 실험을 하였다. 실험 결과 황산화물의 분해제거 실험에서 주파수 10kHz에서 소비전력 19W에서 분해제거율은 99%이었으며 이산화티탄 촉매반응기를 부착한 경우가 없는 경우보다 5%이상 증가효과가 이었다. 첨가가스로 메탄을 첨가한 경우 분해제거율이 증가하였고, 산소농도가 높아질수록 증가하였다 또한 이산화 탄소를 첨가한 경우 분해율은 감소하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.240-243
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• 1999

(Sr$\sub$0.85/Ca$\sub$0.15/)TiO$_3$thin films were deposited on Pt-coated TiO$_2$/SiO$_2$/Si wafer by the rf sputtering method. Experiments were conducted to investigate the electrical properties of SCT thin films with various top electrode. C-F and C-V measurements show that SCT thin films annnealed at 600$^{\circ}C$ have a larger capacitance than SCT thin films deposited at 400$^{\circ}C$ , and there is nearly no difference between top electrodes. I-V measurement show that Pt top electrode have a good leakage current density of < 10nA/$\textrm{cm}^2$,. making them suitable for DRAM application.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.167-171
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• 1998

수소는 2차 에너지원으로 그 자원이 풍부하며 청정에너지원으로 지구 환경문제를 해결할 수 있는 에너지로 주목을 받고 있다. 현재 무공해 수소를 제조하는 방법으로는 불을 전기 분해하는 방법 이외에 태양에너지 이용법, 바이오기술, 화학순환기술, 화석연료 분해법 등이 보고되고 있으며 모두 기초연구 단계에 있다. 이중에서 전기분해에 의한 수소의 제조기술은 경제성 및 효율향상을 위해 가장 많이 연구되고 있고 이미 우주선, 잠수함 등 특수용도로는 실용화되고 있는 기술이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.203-207
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• 2003

현재 전국의 염색폐수 발생업체가 약 1,500여개로서 전체 폐수 배출업체의 4%를 차지하지만 폐수 방류량은 하루 55만톤으로 전체 폐수 방류량의 21%를 차지하고 있는 실정으로 이러한 염색 폐수의 처리에 있어서 기존의 폐수 처리방법에 의한 비용이 약 10-20만원/톤 소요되고 있다. 따라서 처리비용을 감소시키면서 보다 높은 처리 방법의 개발이 절실히 요구되어지고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.145-145
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• 2009