• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2008

Korean space design image is a kind of writing as well as one of the sign that dissembles itself as a direct transcript of what it represents. Moreover it is pictorial representation and notions such as mental and perceptual imaginary. Significance of Iconology lies in how we transform image and the imagination that produces it into power of trust and respect. From this point of view, the process of this study is illustrated as follows: At first, this study search out concept of archetype, collective unconsciousness and collective representation that found principles on basic theory for interpretation of korean space icon. Secondly, it mentions theoretical background of iconological contents and structure. And it clarifies Iconology as a method that is applicable logic for Korean space design. Finally, as an analysis of korean space design, this study analyse in three steps that are pre-iconological description, iconological analysis, iconological interpretation each in terms of modernization at regional korean space design. In the step of the pre-iconological description, it describe visual representative style based on era and place. In the step of the iconological analysis, the typical structure is classified in status, vernacular, ethnic, traditional. In the step of the iconological interpretation, connotation is categorized into allegory, multivalence, potential. Through this process, this study suggest that iconology is an appropriate analysis system of Korean space design images that represent symbols combined with our collective emotion.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2009

The objective of this paper is to design stamping die of inner reinforcement panel with DL 950 advanced high strength steel as stamping materials through numerical analyses and experiments. The stamping process was designed as bending dominant process consisting of 1 step of notching and 4 steps of bending processes. In order to obtain a proper design of the stamping die, various three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element analyses were performed using a commercial code AUTOFORM V4.2. Design parameter of stamping die was chosen as the corner radius of the stamping die for each step. From the results of the FE analysis, feasible corner radii of the stamping die, which can minimize the deviation of corner angle of the stamped part from design data, and forming load for each part were estimated. Stamping experiments were carried out using the manufactured stamping die according to the proposed die design. The results of experiments were shown that the stamping die can successfully manufacture the inner reinforcement panel with DL 950 advanced high strength steel as base stamping material.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2005

Iris recognition system is the one of the most reliable biometries recognition system. An algorithm is proposed to determine the localized iris from the iris image received from iris input camera in client. For the first step, the algorithm determines the center of pupil. For the second step, the algorithm determines the outer boundary of the iris and the pupillary boundary. The localized iris area is transformed into polar coordinates. After performing three times Wavelet transformation, normalization was done using a sigmoid function. The converting binary process performs normalized value of pixel from 0 to 255 to be binary value, and then the converting binary process is compared pairs of two adjacent pixels. The binary code of the iris is transmitted to the server by the network. In the server, the comparing process compares the binary value of presented iris to the reference value in the database. The process of recognition or rejection is dependent on the value of Hamming Distance. After matching the binary value of presented iris with the database stored in the server, the result is transmitted to the client.

• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.897-904
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• 2015

Objective To investigate differences in plantar pressure distribution between a normal gait and unpredictable slip events to predict the initiation of the slipping process. Methods Eleven male participants were enrolled. Subjects walked onto a wooden tile, and two layers of oily vinyl sheet were placed on the expected spot of the 4th step to induce a slip. An insole pressure-measuring system was used to monitor plantar pressure distribution. This system measured plantar pressure in four regions (the toes, metatarsal head, arch, and heel) for three events: the step during normal gait; the recovered step, when the subject recovered from a slip; and the uncorrected, harmful slipped step. Four variables were analyzed: peak pressure (PP), contact time (CT), the pressure-time integral (PTI), and the instant of peak pressure (IPP). Results The plantar pressure pattern in the heel was unique, as compared with other parts of the sole. In the heel, PP, CT, and PTI values were high in slipped and recovered steps compared with normal steps. The IPP differed markedly among the three steps. The IPPs in the heel for the three events were, in descending order (from latest to earliest), slipped, recovered, and normal steps, whereas in the other regions the order was normal, recovered, and slipped steps. Finally, the metatarsal head-to-heel IPP ratios for the normal, recovered, and slipped steps were $6.1{\pm}2.9$, $3.1{\pm}3.0$, and $2.2{\pm}2.5$, respectively. Conclusion A distinctive plantar pressure pattern in the heel might be useful for early detection of a slip event to prevent slip-related injuries.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.315-318
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• 2005

The effect of plasma cleaning was examined on package delamination phenomena in the integrated circuit (IC) packaging process. Without plasma cleaning, delamination was observed for all three experimental treatments applied after the packaging step, which include bake of If, reflow, and bake of If followed by reflow However, no delamination was observed when the plasma cleaning was performed before and after the wire bonding step. Plasma cleaning was found to be a critical step to improve the reliability of the package by reducing the possibility of contact failure between die pad and bonding wire.

• 아동학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 1994

This paper investigated children's learning process concerning age and gender, two of the most apparent social roles. The subjects of the study were 72 Korean preschool children between three to five years of age. The Study was designed to examine problems of developmental sequence and horizontal decalage in understanding of these social roles. Two five-step knowledge sequences of age growth and sex constancy were administered utilizing skill theory (Fischer, 1980). Each step in a sequence had different stories of age or sex role with increasing cognitive complexity, but the two sequences were equivalent in complexity. The children were tested under two different assessment conditions:high support condition of elicited imitation and low support condition of free play and the best story. The findings show that, the understanding of age and sex roles develops through the predicted five-step sequences. The understanding of age role seems to develop earlier than that of sex role although the developmental patterns of the two roles are similar. Variations in the children's performances under different conditions were dramatic, especially for the older children.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Salt and pepper is a type of impulse noise. It may appear due to an error in the image transmission process and image storage memory. This noise changes the pixel value at any position in the image to 0 (in case of pepper noise) or 255 (in case of salt noise). In this paper, we present an algorithm for SAP noise reduction. The proposed method consists of three steps. In the first step, the location of the SAP noise is detected, and in the second step, the pixel value of the detected location is restored using a weighted average of the surrounding pixel values. In the last step, a reliability matrix around the reconstructed pixels is constructed, and additional correction is performed with a weighted average using this. As a result of the experiment, the proposed method appears to have similar or higher objective and subjective image quality than previous methods for almost all SAP noise ratios.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2002

Compomer is composed of matrix and filler : matrix is made of the combination of resins and polycarboxylic molecules that are light-cured, and a filler is a glass component which is capable of ion-release. The resin content of compomers produces polymerization shrinkage which can adversely affect marginal adaptation. Pretreatment is a fundamental step which is treated with conditioner or primer in the use of these materials. Microleakage of restorative materials has been investigated mostly by dye penetration method. Dye penetration method was not quantitative and not measured repeatedly. Fluid filtration method, introduced and developed by Pashley's group, has been extensively used for 20 years for research purpose to understand the physiology of dentin, as well as the effects of various restorative treatments on dentin permeability. It permits quantitative, nondestructive measurment of microleakage in a longitudinal manner. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change of dentin permeability according to the process of compomer restoration. In this study. Cl V cavities were prepared on buccal surface of thirty extracted human molars. The prepared cavities were etched by 37% phosphoric acid. The experimental teeth were randomly divided into three groups. Each group was treated with following materials Group 1 : Prime & Bond NT/Dyract AP, Group2： Single Bond/F2000 compomer, Group 3 : Syntac Single Component/Compoglass. The bonding agent and compomer were applied for each group following manufacturers information. Dentin permeability of each group was measured at each process by fluid filtration method; Step 1 : preparation(smear layer). Step 2 : etching(smear layer removal), Step 3 : applying the bonding agent, Step 4 : filling the compomer. Dentin permeability was expressed by hydraulic conductance ($\mu\textrm{l}$ min$^{-1}$cm$H_2O$$^{-1}$). The data were analysed statistically using One-way ANOVA and Sheffe's method. The results were as follows : 1. Dentin permeability differences between each process were significant except between step 1 and step 2(p<0.01). 2. Dentin permeability after removal of smear layer was highly increased(p<0.01). 3. In most case, decrease of dentin permeability was obtained by applying bonding agent(p<0.01). 4. Dentin permeability differences among the experimental groups were not significant(p>0.05). 5. None of compomers used in this study showed perfect seal at the interface.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.103-124
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• 2014

기존의 문제해결 유추(Problem Solving Analogies)의 사고과정은 표상, 접근, 사상, 적용, 학습의 5단계로 요약된다. 본 연구의 목적은 일반적인 문제해결 유추의 사고과정을 토대로 수학교육이라는 특수성이 반영된 '유추 사고과정 모델'을 개발하여 궁극적으로 학생들이 더 많이 유추를 사용할 수 있도록 도움을 주는데 있다. 모델의 개발과정은 먼저 Euler가 유추를 사용해 수학적 발견을 시도한 역사적인 사례를 분석하여 가설적 유추 사고과정 모델(초안)을 설계한 후, 연구자가 고안한 유추과제 즉, 피타고라스 정리의 증명을 유추적으로 연결시켜 코사인법칙을 증명하는 과제를 수학영재들로 하여금 해결하도록 하고, 그 해결과정에서 나타나는 사고과정의 특성을 반영하여 모델을 2차에 걸쳐 수정 보완하였으며, 교육적인 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.585-598
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• 2015

본 연구는 예비 과학교사들의 집단 글쓰기 활동을 통해 집단 글쓰기 과정의 3단계인 정보수집, 정보의 논리적 조직, 검토 단계에서 나타나는 하위요소를 파악하고자 하는데 목표를 두고 있다. 이를 위하여 과학교과 논리 및 논술을 수강하는 19명의 예비 과학교사들을 대상으로 집단 글쓰기 수업을 구성하여 그 과정을 탐색하였다. 집단 글쓰기는 예비 과학교사들로 하여금 과학과 관련된 사회적 쟁점들 중 하나를 선택하여 작성하도록 하였으며, 4~5명으로 형성된 집단을 구성하여 실행되었다. 집단 글쓰기 3단계의 하위요소 분석은 집단별 토의내용과 작성한 글을 대상으로 귀납적으로 분석하여 결과를 도출하였다. 연구결과, 예비 과학교사들의 집단 글쓰기 과정의 3단계에서 다음과 같은 하위 요소가 추출되었다. 정보수집 단계에서는 정보 공유, 정보이해, 정보판별의 하위요소가 추출되었으며, 정보의 논리적 조직 단계에서는 정보의 범주화, 분산, 정보의 균형화, 성찰이라는 하위요소가 분석되었다. 마지막으로 검토 단계에서는 글 형식 통일, 전체적 글의 흐름검토, 가독성 고려라는 하위요소가 추출되었다.