• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제9A권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2002

삼차원 볼륨 영상으로부터 대상 물체를 분할하는 것은 가시화 또는 볼륨 측정을 위해서 매우 중요한 단계이다. 본 논문에서는 볼륨 가시화를 위해 널리 사용되는 르보이 필터링 방법을 개선하여 물체의 표면을 검출하는 방법을 제시한다. 그리고 형태학적 연산자를 이용하여 완전히 닫힌 표면을 생성하고 볼륨 확장 알고리즘에 의해 물체를 선택적으로 분할한다. 제시된 방법은 합성된 삼차원 구 영상과 심혈관 조영영상에 적용되었다. 이 방법을 합성된 구 영상을 사용하여 기존의 브로이 필터링과 정량적으로 비교한 결과 제시한 방법이 복셀 오차면에서 더 우수하였다. 또한 심혈관 영상을 사용하여 시각적으로 비교한 결과 역시 제시한 방법이 더 정확하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 방법은 삼차원 영상처리에서 자주 함께 사용되는 분할, 가시화, 측정을 쉽게 연계할 수 있기 때문에 볼륨 영상의 분할을 위해 매우 효고적이다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.123-136
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• 2023

To develop smart sportswear capable of measuring biometric data, we created a close-fitting pattern using two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D, respectively) methods. After 3D virtual fitting, the tightness of each pattern was evaluated using image processing of contact points, mesh deviation, and cross-sectional shapes. In contact-point analysis, the 3D pattern showed high rates of contact with the body (84.6% and 93.1% for shirts and pants, respectively). Compared with the 2D pattern, the 3D pattern demonstrated closer contact at the lower chest, upper arm, and thigh regions, where electrocardiography and electromyography were primarily carried out. The overall average gap was also lower in the 3D pattern (5.27 and 4.66 mm in shirts and pants, respectively). In the underbust, waist, thigh circumference, and mid-thigh circumference, the cross-section distance between clothing and body was showed a statistically significant difference and evenly distributed in the 3D pattern, exhibiting more closeness. The tightness and fit of the 3D smart sportswear sensor pattern were successfully evaluated. We believe that this study is critical, as it facilitates the comparison of different patterns through visualization and digitization through 3D virtual fitting.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.645-650
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• 2010

In this paper, we present the effect of binocular cues which plays crucial role for the visualization of a stereoscopic or 3D image. This study is useful in extracting depth and disparity information by image processing technique. A linear relation between the object distance and the image distance is presented to discuss the cause of cybersickness. In the experimental results, three dimensional view of the depth map between the 2D images is shown. A median filter is used to reduce the noises available in the disparity map image. After the median filter, two filter algorithms such as 'Gabor' filter and 'Canny' filter are tested for disparity visualization between two images. The 'Gabor' filter is to estimate the disparity by texture extraction and discrimination methods of the two images, and the 'Canny' filter is used to visualize the disparity by edge detection of the two color images obtained from stereoscopic cameras. The 'Canny' filter is better choice for estimating the disparity rather than the 'Gabor' filter because the 'Canny' filter is much more efficient than 'Gabor' filter in terms of detecting the edges. 'Canny' filter changes the color images directly into color edges without converting them into the grayscale. As a result, more clear edges of the stereo images as compared to the edge detection by 'Gabor' filter can be obtained. Since the main goal of the research is to estimate the horizontal disparity of all possible regions or edges of the images, thus the 'Canny' filter is proposed for decipherable visualization of the disparity.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2018

스토리를 분석하기 위해서는 스토리의 행동 주체인 등장인물에 대한 분석이 선행되어야 한다. 현재의 등장인물 분석 방법인 Character-net이나 RoleNet과 같은 방법은 최종 누적된 스토리의 결과에 대한 분석만을 진행하여 조연의 역할 분류를 하기에는 부족한 면이 있다. 조연의 역할 분석을 위해 축적된 형태의 스토리 분석 방법이 아닌 스토리 진행에 따른 시계열적 분석 방법을 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 Character-net의 3차원 시각화를 통해 등장인물들 중에 조력자들을 유형에 따라 멘토와 단짝친구로 분류하는 방법을 제안하고 그 방법의 정확도를 평가하는 논문이다. 3차원 시각화를 위해 WebGL을 사용하여 웹브라우저 상에서 누구나 결과를 확인할 수 있도록 인터페이스를 구성하였다. 또한 멘토와 단짝친구를 구별하기 위한 규칙을 제안하였고 그 성능을 평가하였다. 영화 7편에 대해 선정된 10명의 등장인물에 대해 평가한 결과 90%의 정확도를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2014

최근 들어 스마트폰과 IT기기를 이용한 서비스가 활성화되고, 어떻게 하면 두 가지 이상의 기기를 이용해 융합을 할 수 있을 것인가에 대한 관심이 대두되고 있다. 그중 하나로 모바일 분야에서 네트워크와 하드웨어의 발전을 통해 디지털 지리공간 및 컴퓨터 지도의 급속한 발전이 이뤄지고, 어떻게 하면 효율적으로 지도 데이터를 3D 환경에서 시뮬레이션하고, 가상환경을 통해 서비스를 제공할 것인가에 초점이 맞춰져있다. 본 연구에서는 증강현실과 GIS(Geographic Information System), SLM(Static LOD Model)을 융합한 기술로 증강현실의 기본적 개념과 접근법을 기본으로 지리적인 공간에서 어떻게 증강현실을 재해석하고 이를 기반으로 관련 컨텐츠의 개발과 활용을 어떻게 하는가에 목적을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 3DS 모델의 데이터 구조를 제안한 SLM 데이터 포맷으로의 전환하기 위한 가능성을 분석하고, SLM 모델 포맷의 생성 및 가시화 도구는 기존 3차원 모델 포맷을 SLM 모델로 포맷을 변환하기 위한 기능 및 가시화 기능을 제공한다. 또한, 3D 가상 모델을 효율적으로 만들기 위한 포맷을 제안한다.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2004

The objective of the present study is to visualize the steady and pulsatile flow fields in a branching model by using a high-resolution PIV system. A bifurcated flow system was built for the experiments in the steady and pulsatile flows. Harvard pulsatile pump was used to generate the pulsatile velocity waveforms. Conifer powder as the tracing particles was added to water to visualize the flow fields. CCD cameras($1K{\times}1K$(high resolution camera) and $640{\times}480$(low resolution camera)) captured two consecutive particle images at once for the image processing of several cross sections on the flow system. The range validation method and the area interpolation method were used to obtain the final velocity vectors with high accuracy. The results of the image processing clearly showed the recirculation zones and the formation of the paired secondary flows from the distal to the apex of the branch flow in the bifurcated model. The results also indicated that the particle velocities at the inner wall moved faster than the velocities at the outer wall due to the inertial force effects and the helical motions generated in the branch flows as the flow proceeded toward the outer wall. Even though the PIV images from the high resolution camera were closer to the simulation results than the images from the low resolution camera at some locations, both results of the PIV experiments from the two cameras generally agreed quite well with the results from the computer simulations. Therefore, instead of using the expensive stereoscopic PIV or 3D PIV system, the three-dimensional flow fields in a bifurcated model could be easily and exactly investigated by this study.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2002년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.28-34
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• 2002

A computational study of supersonic flow around lateral jet controlled missile has been performed. For this study, three dimensional Navier-Stokes code(AADL3D) has been developed. Spalart-Allmaras one equation turbulence model has been implemented on the AADL3D code for relatively rapid computational time. For the validation of developed code, AADL3D, pressure distributions on an ogive-cylinder body has been compared with experimental data. Also, the shock structure of sonic jet on the flat plate in the supersonic flow field has been compared with experimental flow visualization result to see the analysis capability of freestream-jet interaction case. A case study has been performed through comparing the normal force coefficient and the moment coefficient of missile body for several jet flow conditions. Current results will be used to the optimum design of a lateral jet controlled missile.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2011

The effects of stroke change on turbulent kinetic energy for the in-cylinder flow of a four-valve SI engine were studied. For this study, the same intake manifold, head, cylinder, and the piston were used to examine turbulence characteristics in two different strokes. In-cylinder flow measurements were conducted using three dimensional LDV system. The measurement method, which simultaneously collects 3-D velocity data, allowed a evaluation of turbulent kinetic energy inside a cylinder. High levels of turbulent kinetic energy were found in regions of high shear flow, attributed to the collisions of intake flows. These specific results support the more general conclusion that the inlet conditions play the dominant role in the generation of the turbulence fields during the intake stroke. However, in the absence of two counter rotating vortices, this intake generated turbulent kinetic energy continues to decrease but at a much faster rate.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2004

컴퓨터 미디어 기술의 발전으로 정보를 표현하는 방법은 다양해졌다. 그러나 거대 데이터베이스를 정보 시각화함에 있어서 사용자의 요구에 부합하지 않는 복잡한 구조에 의해 데이터 의미 파악의 어려움이 생겼다. 사용자는 자신의 경험을 통한 지식 정보와 새로 제시되어지는 정보 시각화물을 결합하여 새로운 정보를 형성한다. 사용자가 신속하고 정확하게 데이터 상호간의 관계를 파악하고 새로운 정보를 탐색하기 위해서는 정보 시각화물의 데이터 표현이 구조화 되어야하고 그리고 의미 있는 심벌로 표현 되어져야한다. 삼차원 씬 그래픽 구조, 애니메이션의 동적 표현 요소, 그리고 데이터베이스의 데이터 구조를 상호대응 결합 및 조작 가능한 인터랙션을 제공하면 사용자가 스스로 데이터 탐색할 수 있는 정보 시각화 시스템을 제작할 수 있다. 사례로 가상공간 다이아그램, 폼(Form) 중심 다이아그램 그리고 시뮬레이션 다이아그램 등이 제시되었다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2019

Purpose: Accurate localization of the lumpectomy cavity during accelerated partial breast radiation (APBR) is essential for daily setup to ensure the prescribed dose encompasses the target and avoids unnecessary irradiation to surrounding normal tissues. Three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-US) allows direct visualization of the lumpectomy cavity without additional radiation exposure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of 3D-US in daily target localization for APBR. Materials and methods: Forty-seven patients with stage I breast cancer who underwent breast conserving surgery were treated with a 2-week course of APBR. Patients with visible lumpectomy cavities on high quality 3D-US images were included in this analysis. Prior to each treatment, X-ray and 3D-US images were acquired and compared to images from simulation to confirm accurate position and determine shifts. Volume change of the lumpectomy cavity was determined daily with 3D-US. Results: A total of 118 images of each modality from 12 eligible patients were analyzed. The average change in cavity volume was 7.8% (range, -24.1% to 14.4%) on 3D-US from simulation to the end-of-treatment. Based on 3D-US, significantly larger shifts were necessary compared to portal films in all three dimensions: anterior/posterior (p = 7E-11), left/right (p = 0.002), and superior/inferior (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Given that the lumpectomy cavity is not directly visible via X-ray images, accurate positioning may not be fully achieved by X-ray images. Therefore, when the lumpectomy cavity is visible on US, 3D-US can be considered as an alternative to X-ray imaging during daily positioning for selected patients treated with APBR, thus avoiding additional exposure to ionizing radiation.