• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.277-283
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• 1997

Promoters inducible by paraquat, a superocide-generating agent, were isolated from Escherichia coli using a promoter-probing plasmid pRS415 with promoterless lacA gene. Twenty one promoters induced by paraquat were selected and further characterized. From sequence analysis, thirteen of the promoters were mapped to their specific loci on the Escherichia coli chromosome. Several promoters were mapped to the upstream of known genes such as usgl, katG, and mglB, whose relationships with superoxide response have not been previously reported. Other promoters were mapped to the upstream region of unknown open reading frames. Downstream of HC 96 promoter are uncharacterized ORFs whose sequences are homologous to ABC-transporter subunits. Downstream of HC84 promoter is an ORF encoding a transcriptional regulator-like protein, which contains a LysR family-specific HTH (helix-turn-helix) DNA bindign motif. We investigated whether these promoters belong to the soxRS regulon. All promoters except HC96 were found to belong to the soxRS regulon. The HC96 promoter was significantly induced by paraquat in the soxRS deletion mutant strain. The basal transcription level of three promoters (HE43, HC71, HD94) significantly increased at the stationary phase, implying that they are regulated by RpoS. However, paraquat inducibility of all promoters disappeared in the stationary phase, suggesting that SoxRS regulatory system is active only in rapidly growing cells.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.303-306
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• 2003

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), classified into three groups (group I, II, III), play a critical role in modulation of synaptic transmission at central and peripheral synapses. In the present study, extracellular field potential recording techniques were used to investigate effects of mGluR agonists on excitatory synaptic transmission at thalamic input synapses onto the lateral amygdala. The non-selective mGluR agonist t-ACPD ($100{\mu}M$) produced reversible, short-term depression, but the group III mGluR agonist L-AP4 ($50{\mu}M$) did not have any significant effects on amygdala synaptic transmission, suggesting that group I and/or II mGluRs are involved in the modulation by t-ACPD. The group I mGluR agonist DHPG ($100{\mu}M$) produced reversible inhibition as did t-ACPD. Unexpectedly, the group II mGluR agonist LCCG-1 ($10{\mu}M$) induced long-term as well as short-term depression. Thus, our data suggest that activation of group I or II mGluRs produces short-term, reversible depression of excitatory synaptic transmission at thalamic input synapses onto the lateral amygdala. Considering the long-term effect upon activation of group II mGluRs, lack of long-term effects upon activation of group I and II mGluRs may indicate a possible cross-talk among different groups of mGluRs.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.238-243
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• 2020

Tuberculosis is a global public health problem and manifests itself as a difference in the genetic susceptibility of the host, along with the properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and candidate genes proposed in the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) on tuberculosis in a recently published Chinese population were reported. In this study, we investigated whether the genetic polymorphism of candidate genes related to tuberculosis is reproduced when targeting Koreans. The CLCN6 (rs12404124, rs198391, rs535107), DOK7 (rs1203104, rs1203103) and HLA-DRA (rs1051336) gene polymorphisms showed statistically significant results. In addition, it was also found whether it acts as an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) that can influence gene expression. This study confirmed that the genetic polymorphism of the three genes (CLCN6, DOK7, HLA-DRA) affects the development of tuberculosis and will help to understand the genetic specificity of tuberculosis and the interaction between pathogens and hosts.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.294-299
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• 2003

The efficiency of complex slurry preparation route for the development of high performance RS-SiCf/SiC composites has been investigated. The green bodies for RS-SiC and RS-SiCf/SiC composite materials prior to the infiltration of molten silicon were prepared with various C/SiC complex matrix slurries, which associated with both different sizes of starting SiC particles and blending ratios of starting SiC and carbon particles. The reinforcing materials in the composite system were uncoated and C coated Tyranno SA SiC fiber. The characterization of RS-SiC and RS-SiCf/SiC composite materials was examined by means of SEM, EDS and three point bending test. Based on the mechanical property-microstructure correlation, process optimization methodology is discussed.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2008

The growing problem of obesity is associated with numerous medical conditions. Several studies have reported that activation of thyroid hormone receptor beta $(THR{\beta})$ is involved in lipid metabolism and thermogenesis. To identify the relationship between the $THR{\beta}$ gene and obesity, we genotyped eighty two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene using the Affymetrix array chip in 209 overweight/obese and 155 normal subjects in Korean population. Of the eighty two polymorphisms, the seven SNPs exhibited a significant association with overweight/obesity in three alternative models (codominant, dominant, and recessive models; P<0.05 after adjusting for age and sex) were rs826221 (+267878 T>C), rs4858604 (+186399 A>G), rs1158265 (+200152 T>C), rs1868575 (+206031 G>A), rs1700939 (+238467 T>A), rs1505301 (+241933 T>C), and rs1924768 (+126491 T>C). During haplotype analysis using HapAnalyzer software, 2 haplotypes (block 13: TTAT; block 15: CTGC) containing significant polymorphisms (rs1700939 +238467 T>A and rs4858604 +186399 A>G) were detected to be significantly different. The results suggest that the $THR{\beta}$ gene may be associated with overweight/obesity in Korean population.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.993-1014
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• 2014

In civil engineering, revolving structures (RS) are a unique structural form applied in innovative architecture design. Such structures are able to revolve around themselves or along a certain track. However, few studies are dedicated to safety design or health monitoring of RS. In this paper, a wireless dynamic sensing system is developed for RS, and field tests toward a large revolving auditorium are conducted accordingly. At first, a wheel-rail problem is proposed: The internal force redistributes in RS, which is due to wheel-rail irregularity. Then the development of the sensing system for RS is presented. It includes system architecture, network organization, vibrating wire sensor (VWS) nodes and online remote control. To keep the sensor network identifiable during revolving, the addresses of sensor nodes are reassigned dynamically when RS position changes. At last, the system is mounted on a huge outdoor revolving auditorium. Considering the influence of the proposed problem, the RS of the auditorium has been designed conservatively. Two field tests are conducted via the sensing system. In the first test, 2000 people are invited to act as the live load. During the revolving process, data is collected from RS in three different load cases. The other test is the online monitoring for the auditorium during the official performances. In the end, the field-testing result verifies the existence of the wheel-rail problem. The result also indicates the dynamic sensing system is applicable and durable even while RS is rotating.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2021

Objective: Poor ovarian response (POR) refers to a subnormal follicular response that leads to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the eggs retrieved after ovarian stimulation during assisted reproductive treatment (ART). The present study investigated the associations of multiple variants of the estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) genes with POR in infertile Jordanian women undergoing ART. Methods: Four polymorphisms, namely ESR2 rs1256049, ESR2 rs4986938, FSHR rs6165, and FSHR rs6166, were investigated in 60 infertile Jordanian women undergoing ART (the case group) and 60 age-matched fertile women (the control group), with a mean age of 33.60±6.34 years. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism and then validated using Sanger sequencing. Results: The p-value of the difference between the case and control groups regarding FSHR rs6166 was very close to 0.05 (p=0.054). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the other three SNPs, namely ESR2 rs1256049, ESR2 rs4986938, and FSHR rs6165 (p=0.561, p=0.433, and p=0.696, respectively). Conclusion: The association between FSHR rs6166 and POR was not statistically meaningful in the present study, but the near-significant result of this experiment suggests that statistical significance might be found in a future study with a larger number of patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.487-494
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• 1992

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of addition of Lucerne juice (LJ) obtained by mechanical extraction of freshly harvested crop on the nutritive value of rice straw silage. Rice straw (RS) was ensiled with intact, NaOH or $NH_3$ treated LJ at 3:7 ratio on fresh weight basis (LJ RS, LJ NaOH RS and LJ $NH_3$ RS, respectively). Each alkali was mixed with fresh juice at a level of 4% of rice straw dry matter just before ensiling. Rice straw ensiled with water was prepared as the control (W RS). In the digestion trial, goats were allocated in a $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design and fed the diet containing three parts of RS silage and one part of wheat bran (DM basis). For the goats receiving the control silage, urea was supplemented at feeding time so as to adjust the nitrogen intake except for goats on LJ $NH_3$ RS silage. Crude protein content of RS silage was increased from 5.2 to 9.1% (DM basis) by the addition of intact LJ and to about 24% by $NH_3$ treated LJ. The control W RS silage contained only trace amount of lactic acid and was dominated by acetic and butyric acid. The addition of intact LJ reduced butyric acid content and $NH_3-N/TN$ of the silage whereas the addition of alkalized LJ increased those values and shifted to a butyrate type fermentation. Nutrient digestibilities and nitrogen balance of goats were almost the same when they were fed W RS and LJ RS silage indicating the addition of intact LJ did not improve the nutritive value. The addition of alkalized LJ significantly increased the fiber digestibilities of RS silage and $NH_3$ treatment was more effective than NaOH treatment. Postprandial ruminal $NH_3-N$ and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were decreased by feeding LJ NaOH RS silage suggesting ruminal protein synthesis was enhanced along with the increase of energy supply for supply for rumen microbes by the alkali treatment. The advantageous fiber digestibilities of LJ $NH_3$ RS silage compared with those of LJ NaOH RS silage might be attributable to a sufficient nitrogen supply for microbial fiber digestion in the rumen.

• 환경생물
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.724-732
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 기 선발한 Enterobacter asburiae ObRS-5 균주를 1×10⁸ cfu mL^-1 농도로 고추에 관주 처리했을 때 Phytophthora capsici에 의한 고추역병을 74.6% 방제하는 효과가 있었다. E. asburiae ObRS-5 균주에 의한 고추역병 방제 메커니즘을 확인하기 위해 고추의 PR1, PR4 및 PR10 유전자를 특이적으로 증폭하는 프라이머를 이용하여 quantitative PCR을 수행하였다. 그 결과 E. asburiae ObRS-5 균주를 처리한 고추에서 대조구와 비교하여 상기 세 가지 유전자의 발현이 모두 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 또한 E. asburiae ObRS-5 균주는 고추의 생육을 억제하지 않으면서 ISR 반응을 유도하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 P. capsici이 침입할 때 E. asburiae ObRS-5 균주가 매개하는 ISR 메커니즘을 통해 Phytophthora 역병의 제어가 가능한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2018

본 연구는 느타리버섯 수확후배지를 배지자원으로 재사용하기 위하여 미생물처리에 의한 수확후 배지의 총질소함량 증진효과를 조사하였다. Bacillus sp. GM20-4 와 Rhodobacter sphaeroides(RS) 배양액 30%를 함께 접종하여 5일간 상온에서 배양 시 총질소 함량이 가장 크게 증가하였다. 농가의 수확후배지 조성에 따른 GM20-4와 RS처리에 의한 T-N함량 변화를 조사하기 위하여 경기 지역 버섯재배농가 세 곳의 수확후배지(spent mushroom substrates, SMS A, B, C)를 수집하여 GM20-4 와 RS 배양액 30%를 처리한 결과, 무처리구에 비해 건조 SMS B에서 T-N함량이 20%p로 가장 크게 증가하였고, 건조 SMS A는 17%, C는 12% 증가하였다. 반면에 생수확후 배지에서는 미생물 처리에 의한 T-N 함량 증가 효과가 크지 않았다. 또한 아미노산 조성별 함량 변화는 건조된 SMS A, B, C 모두 GM20-4와 RS 처리로 aspatic acid와 glutamic acid가 상대적으로 높게 증가한 결과를 보였고, 특히 건조 SMS B의 처리구에서 두 아미노산의 함량이 무처리구보다 2.9배 증가를 보임으로서 미생물처리가 수확후배지의 총질소 및 아미노산 함량의 증진효과를 확인하였다.