Smart Structures and Systems

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of a dynamic sensing system for civil revolving structures and its field tests in a large revolving auditorium

  • Luo, Yaozhi (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Yang, Pengcheng (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Shen, Yanbin (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Yu, Feng (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Zhong, Zhouneng (Zhejiang Greenton Architectural Design Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Hong, Jiangbo (Hanjia Design Group Co., Ltd.)
  • Received : 2013.11.11
  • Accepted : 2014.03.30
  • Published : 2014.06.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In civil engineering, revolving structures (RS) are a unique structural form applied in innovative architecture design. Such structures are able to revolve around themselves or along a certain track. However, few studies are dedicated to safety design or health monitoring of RS. In this paper, a wireless dynamic sensing system is developed for RS, and field tests toward a large revolving auditorium are conducted accordingly. At first, a wheel-rail problem is proposed: The internal force redistributes in RS, which is due to wheel-rail irregularity. Then the development of the sensing system for RS is presented. It includes system architecture, network organization, vibrating wire sensor (VWS) nodes and online remote control. To keep the sensor network identifiable during revolving, the addresses of sensor nodes are reassigned dynamically when RS position changes. At last, the system is mounted on a huge outdoor revolving auditorium. Considering the influence of the proposed problem, the RS of the auditorium has been designed conservatively. Two field tests are conducted via the sensing system. In the first test, 2000 people are invited to act as the live load. During the revolving process, data is collected from RS in three different load cases. The other test is the online monitoring for the auditorium during the official performances. In the end, the field-testing result verifies the existence of the wheel-rail problem. The result also indicates the dynamic sensing system is applicable and durable even while RS is rotating.

Keywords

References

  1. Akyildiz, I.F., Su, W., Sankarasubramaniam, Y. and Cayirci, E. (2002), "Wireless sensor networks: a survey", Computer Netw., 38(4), 393-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1286(01)00302-4
  2. Barke, D.W. and Chiu, W.K. (2005), "A review of the effects of out-of-round wheels on track and vehicle components", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 219(3), 151-175. https://doi.org/10.1243/095440905X8853
  3. Basheer, M.R., Rao, V. and Derriso, M. (2003), "Self organizing wireless sensor networks for structural health monitoring", Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering: Smart Structures and Materials 2003 Modeling, Signal Processing, and Control, San Diego, CA, United states, March 3- March 6.
  4. Bourland, M.C. and Yuan, R.L. (2008), Vibrating wire strain gages and civil structures, Earth & Space 2008, ASCE Press, Reston, VA, United States.
  5. Bourquin, F. and Joly, M. (2005), "A magnet-based vibrating wire sensor: design and simulation", Smart Mater. Struct., 14(1), 247. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/14/1/025
  6. Catbas, F., Zaurin, R., Gul, M., Sardinas, A., Dumlupinar, T., Gokce, H. and Terrell, T. (2010), "Heavy movable structure health monitoring: a case study with a movable bridge in Florida", Proceedings of the Structures Congress 2010, ASCE Press, Reston, VA, United States.
  7. Coutts, D.R., Wang, J. and Cai, J.G. (2001), "Monitoring and analysis of results for two strutted deep excavations using vibrating wire strain gauges", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 16(2), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(01)00032-3
  8. Dumlupinar, T., Gokce, H.B., Catbas, F.N. and Frangopol, D.M. (2011), "Time-variant reliability and load rating of a movable bridge using structural health monitoring", Proceedings of the 28th IMAC, A Conference on Structural Dynamics, 2010, Jacksonville, FL, United states, February 1-4.
  9. Felegyhazi, M. (2001), Development and evaluation of a dynamic bluetooth scatternet formation procedure, Master, Dissertation, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
  10. Frampton, K., Galfetti, A. and Farinati, V. (2006), Villa Girasole. La casa rotante / The Revolving House, Mendrisio Academy Press, Mendrisio, Switzerland.
  11. Gokce, H., Gul, M. and Catbas, F. (2012), "Implementation of structural health monitoring for movable bridges", Transport. Res. Record, (2313), 124-133.
  12. Grassie, S.L., Gregory, R.W., Harrison, D. and Johnson, K.L. (1982), "The dynamic response of railway track to high frequency vertical excitation", J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 24(2), 77-90. https://doi.org/10.1243/JMES_JOUR_1982_024_016_02
  13. Kim, J.T., Nguyen, K.D. and Thanh, C. (2013), "Wireless health monitoring of stay cable using piezoelectric strain response and smart skin technique", Smart Struct. Syst., 12(3-4), 381-397. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2013.12.3_4.381
  14. Kim, S., Pakzad, S., Culler, D., Demmel, J., Fenves, G., Glaser, S., Turon, M. and Acm (2007), "Health monitoring of civil infrastructures using wireless sensor networks", Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, New York.
  15. Knothe, K.L. and Grassie, S.L. (1993), "Modelling of railway track and vehicle/track interaction at high frequencies", Vehicle Syst. Dyn., 22(3-4), 209-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423119308969027
  16. Lee, H.M., Kim, J.M., Sho, K. and Park, H.S. (2010), "A wireless vibrating wire sensor node for continuous structural health monitoring", Smart Mater. Struct., 19(5), 055004. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/19/5/055004
  17. Linderman, L., Rice, J., Barot, S., Spencer, B. and Bernhard, J. (2010), "Characterization of wireless smart sensor performance", J. Eng. Mech. - ASCE, 136(12), 1435-1443. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000187
  18. Lynch, J.P., Sundararajan, A., Law, K.H., Kiremidjian, A.S., Kenny, T. and Carryer, E. (2003), "Embedment of structural monitoring algorithms in a wireless sensing unit", Struct. Eng. Mech., 15, 285-297. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2003.15.3.285
  19. Lynch, J.P., Law, K.H., Kiremidjian, A.S., Carryer, E., Farrar, C.R., Sohn, H., Allen, D.W., Nadler, B. and Wait, J.R. (2004), "Design and performance validation of a wireless sensing unit for structural monitoring applications", Struct. Eng. Mech., 17(3-4), 393-408. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2004.17.3_4.393
  20. Lynch, J.P., Wang, Y., Loh, K.J., Yi, J.H. and Yun, C.B. (2006), "Performance monitoring of the Geumdang Bridge using a dense network of high-resolution wireless sensors", Smart Mater. Struct., 15(6), 1561. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/6/008
  21. Myung, H., Lee, S. and Lee, B. (2011), "Paired structured light for structural health monitoring robot system", Struct. Health Monit., 10(1), 49-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921710365413
  22. Nagayama, T., Spencer, B.F. and Rice, J.A. (2009), "Autonomous decentralized structural health monitoring using smart sensors", Struct. Control Health Monit., 16(7-8), 842-859.
  23. Neild, S.A., Williams, M.S. and McFadden, P.D. (2005), "Development of a vibrating wire strain gauge for measuring small strains in concrete beams", Strain, 41(1), 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.2004.00163.x
  24. Ni, Y.Q., Xia, Y., Liao, W.Y. and Ko, J.M. (2009), "Technology innovation in developing the structural health monitoring system for Guangzhou New TV Tower", Struct. Control Health Monit., 16(1), 73-98. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.303
  25. Ramzy, N. and Fayed, H. (2011), "Kinetic systems in architecture: New approach for environmental control systems and context-sensitive buildings", Sustain.Cities Soc., 1(3), 170-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2011.07.004
  26. Randl, C. (2008), Revolving architecture: a history of buildings that rotate, swivel, and pivot, Princeton Architectural Press, New York.
  27. Sato, Y. (1977), "Study on high-frequency vibrations in track operated with high-speed trains", Railway Technical Research Institute, Quarterly Reports, 18(3), 109-114.
  28. Sazonov, E., Jha, R., Janoyan, K., Krishnamurthy, V., Fuchs, M. and Cross, K. (2006), "Wireless intelligent sensor and actuator network (WISAN): a scalable ultra-low-power platform for structural health monitoring", Proceedings of the SPIE 6177, Health Monitoring and Smart Nondestructive Evaluation of Structural and Biological Systems V, San Diego, CA, United States, FEB 27-MAR 01, 2006, 6177, 61770S1-61770S11.
  29. Spencer, B.F., Ruiz-Sandoval, M.E. and Kurata, N. (2004), "Smart sensing technology: opportunities and challenges", Struct. Control Health Monit., 11(4), 349-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.48
  30. Steffens, D.M. (2005), Identification and development of a model of railway track dynamic behaviour, Master Dissertation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
  31. Straser, E.G. and Kiremidjian, A.S. (1998), A modular, wireless damage monitoring system for structures, John A. Blume Earthquake Engineering Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Report No. 129, Stanford, CA, United States.
  32. Teng, J., Zhu, Y., Lu, W. and Xiao, Y. (2010), "The intelligent method and implementation of health monitoring system for large span structures", Proceedings of the Earth and Space 2010, ASCE Press, Reston, VA, United States.
  33. Thompson, D.J. (1991), "Theoretical modelling of wheel-rail noise generation", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 205(2), 137-149. https://doi.org/10.1243/PIME_PROC_1991_205_227_02
  34. Timoshenko, S. (1926), "Method of analysis of statical and dynamical stresses in rail", Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress for Applied Mechanics, Zurich, Swiss.
  35. Tomas, S.L. and Gonzalo, H.C. (2012), "A dynamic and distributed addressing and routing protocol for wireless sensor networks", Proceedings of the 8th Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking and Services, MobiQuitous 2011, Copenhagen, Denmark, December 6, 2011 - December 9, 2011.
  36. Wang, Y., Lynch, J.P. and Law, K.H. (2005), "Wireless structural sensors using reliable communication protocols for data acquisition and interrogation", Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics (SEM), 23rd Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2005, IMAC-XXIII, Orlando, FL, United states, January 31, 2005 - February 3, 2005.
  37. Wang, Y., Lynch, J.P. and Law, K.H. (2007), "A wireless structural health monitoring system with multithreaded sensing devices: design and validation", Struct. Infrastruct. E., 3(2), 103-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732470600590820
  38. Wang, Y. and Law, K. (2011), "Structural control with multi-subnet wireless sensing feedback: experimental validation of time-delayed decentralized H-infinity control design", Adv. Struct. Eng., 14(1), 25-39. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.14.1.25
  39. Wigginton, M. and Harris, J. (2002), Intelligent skins, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
  40. Yao, Z. and Dressler, F. (2007), "Dynamic address allocation for management and control in wireless sensor networks", Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2007, HICSS'07, Big Island, HI, United states, January 3, 2007 - January 6, 2007.
  41. Yu, F. and Gupta, N. (2005), "An efficient model for improving performance of vibrating-wire instruments", Measurement, 37(3), 278-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2004.12.003
  42. Yun, C.B., Cho, S., Park, H.J., Min, J. and Park, J.W. (2013), "Smart wireless sensing and assessment for civil infrastructure", Struct. Infrastruct. E., 10(4), 534-550.
  43. Zhu, D., Yi, X., Wang, Y., Lee, K.M. and Guo, J. (2010), "A mobile sensing system for structural health monitoring: design and validation", Smart Mater. Struct., 19(5), 055011. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/19/5/055011

Cited by

  1. Bayesian forecasting approach for structure response prediction and load effect separation of a revolving auditorium vol.24, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.24.4.507
  2. An improved complex multi-task Bayesian compressive sensing approach for compression and reconstruction of SHM data vol.167, pp.no.pa, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2021.108531