• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.419-426
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• 2004

A three-dimensional computation was conducted to understand effects of the inlet boundary layer thickness on the loss mechanism in a low-speed axial compressor operating at the design condition(${\phi}=85\%$) and near stall condition(${\phi}=65\%$). At the design condition, the flow phenomena such as the tip leakage flow and hub comer stall are similar independent of the inlet boundary layer thickness. However, when the axial compressor is operating at the near stall condition, the large separation on the suction surface near the casing is induced by the tip leakage flow and the boundary layer on the blade for thin inlet boundary layer but the hub corner stall is enlarged for thick inlet boundary layer. These differences of internal flows induced by change of the boundary layer thickness on the casing and hub enable loss distributions of total pressure to be altered. When the axial compressor has thin inlet boundary layer, the total pressure loss is increased at regions near both casing and tip but decreased in the core flow region. In order to analyze effects of inlet boundary layer thickness on total loss in detail, using Denton's loss models, total loss is scrutinized through three major loss categories in a subsonic axial compressor such as profile loss, tip leakage loss and endwall loss.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.853-858
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• 2000

The working fluid from the combustor to the turbine stage of a gas turbine makes various boundary layer thickness. Since the inlet boundary layer thickness is one of the important factors that affect the turbine efficiency. It is necessary to investigate secondary flow and loss with various boundary layer thickness conditions. In the present study, the effect of various inlet boundary layer thickness on secondary flow and loss and the proper height of the boundary layer fences for various boundary layer thickness were investigated. Measurements of secondary flow velocity and total pressure loss within and downstream of the passage were taken under 5 boundary layer thickness conditions, 16, 36, 52, 69, 110mm. It was found that total pressure loss and secondary flow areas were increased with increase of thickness but they were maintained almost at the same position. At the fellowing research about the boundary layer fences, 1/6, 1/3, 1/2 of each inlet boundary layer thickness and 12mm were used as the fence heights. As a result, it was observed that the proper height of the fences was generally constant since the passage vortex remained almost at the same position. Therefore once the geometry of a cascade is decided, the location of the Passage vortex and the proper fence height are appeared to be determined at the same time. When the inlet boundary layer thickness is relatively small, the loss caused by the proper fence becomes bigger than endwall loss so that it dominates secondary loss. In these cases the proper fence hight is decided not by the cascade geometry but by the inlet boundary layer thickness as previous investigations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.29 no.8 s.239
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• pp.956-962
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• 2005

A three-dimensional computation was conducted to make a study about effects of the inlet boundary layer thickness on the total pressure loss in a low-speed axial compressor operating at the design condition ($\phi=85\%$) and near stall condition($\phi=65\%$). Differences of the tip leakage flow and hub corner-stall induced by the inlet boundary layer thickness enable the loss distribution of total pressure along the span to be altered. At design condition, total pressure losses for two different inlet boundary layers are almost alike in the core flow region but the larger loss is generated at both hub and tip when the inlet boundary layer is thin. At the near stall condition, however, total pressure loss fer the thick inlet boundary layer is found to be greater than that for the thin inlet boundary layer on most of the span except the region near hub and casing. Total pressure loss is scrutinized through three major loss categories in a subsonic axial compressor such as profile loss, tip leakage loss and endwall loss using Denton's loss model, and effects of the inlet boundary layer thickness on the loss structure are analyzed in detail.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10c
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• pp.95-97
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• 2005

Loss in the multi-stacked HTS wires are affected by a number of factor, such as, number of wires used in the stack, direction of external magnetic field and insulation thickness between the wire. This paper examines the effects of the insulation thickness on the magnetization loss of the multi-stacked YBCO coated conductor. Measurements of magnetization loss were performed using 4 different typo of multi-stacked wires and under various angle of external magnetic field. Test results show that loss density per unit volume increased for YBCO coated conductors when thickness of insulation increased. Loss density per unit volume decreased for YBCO coaled conductors when stacking number of tapes increased.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.994-1002
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• 2009

In this paper, effect of air gap thickness between absorber plate and glass cover on top heat loss of a closed loop oscillating heat pipe (CLOHP) solar collector was investigated. The CLOHP, which is made of copper with outer diameter of 3.2mm and inner diameter of 2.0mm, comprises 8 turns with heating, adiabatic and cooling section. The heating section of the heat pipe was attached to absorber plate which heated by solar simulator simulated by halogen lamps. The cooling section of the heat pipe was inserted into collector's cooling section that made of transparent acrylic. Temperatures of absorber plate, glass cover, and ambient air measured by K-type thermocouple and were recorded by MV2000-Yokogawa recorder. Top heat loss coefficients and top heat loss of the collector corresponding to some cases of air gap thickness were determined. The result of experiment shows the optimal air gap thickness for minimum top heat loss of this solar collector.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 1998

The optical near-field patterns, propagation loss and mode sizes of x-cut $Ti:LiNbO_3$ optical waveguide which was fabricated by Ti-diffusion varying with Ti strip thickness in wet oxygen atmosphere were discussed at optical wavelength 1550nm. As Ti thickness increased from $760{\AA}$, the insertion loss of waveguide was decreased. But at Ti thickness $1500{\AA}$, mode sizes are widely broadened. The Ti thickness of below $1100{\AA}$ and above $1500{\AA}$ showed negative effects to propagation loss and fiber coupling. The best Ti thickness for fabricating low propagation loss and good fiber coupling was inferred to be between $1100{\AA}-1500{\AA}$ in our conditions. And for Ti thickness $1150{\AA}$, its propagation loss, horizontal/vertical mode sizes were showed 1.61 dB/cm, $11.9/8.9{\mu}m$ for TM, 0.22 dB/cm, $12.0/9.1{\mu}m$ for TE respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 1976

In this paper, the methode of calculating conversion loss is proposed by considering the thickness of bonding medium between electrode and delay material in the vibrator of Elastic delay lines. As the result of computations using digital computer, it is shown that the thickness of bonding medium must be less than about 1/100 of the thickness of vibrator and when the thickness of electrode is about 1110 of vibrator, the center fnequency is shifted. When the thickness of bonding medium is equal to or more than the thickness of vibrator, the 리uctuations in frequency Bandwidth become larger and larger.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.249-255
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• 2005

In this paper, the friction characteristic of engine bearings has been analyzed in terms of a friction loss power, a minimum film thickness and an oil film pressure. This analysis has been focused on the fuel economy improvement with a low viscosity engine oil such as SAE 0W-40, which is used for a friction loss reduction and increased for a Diesel fuel economy. The friction loss power, the minimum oil film thickness and oil film pressure distribution for plain bearings of a Diesel engine are analyzed using an AVL's EXCITE program with a conventional engine oils of SAE 5W-40 and 10W-40, and a low viscosity engine oil of SAE 0W-40. The computed results indicate that a viscosity of engine oils is closely related to the friction loss power and the decreased minimum film thickness in which is a key parameter of a load carrying capacity of an oil film pressure distribution. When the low viscosity engine oil is supplied to engine bearings, it does not affect to the formation of a minimum oil film thickness. But the friction loss power has been significantly affected by low viscosity engine oil at a low operating temperature of 0. Based on the FEM computed results, the low viscosity engine oil at a low temperature range will be an important factor for an improvement of the fuel economy improvement.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.827-836
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• 2004

The design parameter of the heat loss for the pressurized water reactor has been studied. The heat loss from the reactor vessel through the air gap. insulation are analysed by using the computational fluid dynamics code, FLUENT. Parametric study has been performed on the air gap width between the reactor vessel wall and the inner surface of the insulation, and on the insulation thickness. Also evaluated is the performance degradation due to the chimney effect due to gaps left between the panels during the installation of the insulation system. From the analysis results, the optimal with of air gap and insulation thickness and the value of heat loss are obtained The results show how the heat loss varies with the air gap width and insulation thickness. The temperature and the velocity distributions are also presented. From the results of the evaluation. the optimal air gap width and the optimal insulation thickness are obtained. As the difference between the predicted heat loss and measured heat loss from the reactor vessel is construed Primarily as losses due to chimney effect. the contribution of the chimney effect to the total heat loss is quantitatively indicated.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.642-645
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• 2008

A pin fin with variable fin base thickness is analysed by using the one dimensional analytic method. Heat loss and fin thermal resistance are presented as a function of the fin base thickness, pin fin outer radius and convection characteristic numbers ratio. The relationship between the fin outer radius and fin base thickness for the same amount of heat loss is shown. One of the results indicates the fin thermal resistance decreases as the fin outer radius and/or convection characteristic numbers ratio increase whereas the fin thermal resistance is independent on the variation of fin base thickness.