• 제목/요약/키워드: Thickness Profile

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The Effects of Genetic Groups, Nutrition, Finishing Systems and Gender of Brazilian Cattle on Carcass Characteristics and Beef Composition and Appearance: A Review

  • Pizzi Rotta, Polyana;do Prado, Rodolpho Martin;do Prado, Ivanor Nunes;Valero, Maribel Velandia;Visentainer, Jesui Vergilio;Silva, Roberio Rodrigues
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제22권12호
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    • pp.1718-1734
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    • 2009
  • The aim of this review is to address some characteristics that influence meat quality. Genetic groups, nutrition, finishing systems and gender are the major factors that change carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile. Genetic groups that have zebu genes in their composition show higher hot carcass dressing than genetic groups without zebu genes. Genetic groups that have European breeds in their composition have higher marbling scores. On the other hand, genetic groups that have zebu breeds show low marbling scores. Bulls finished in feedlots present higher final weight than steers, cull cows and heifers. Fat thickness is one of the principal parameters that are affected by different gender. Cull cows (4.72 mm) and heifers (4.00 mm) present higher values than bulls (1.75 mm) and steers (2.81 mm). The major effects observed by different systems of termination are fat thickness and marbling. Crude protein presents variation due to nutrition. Nutrition influences variation of fatty acid profile. Genetic groups also influence fatty acid profile. Genetic groups that have zebu genes in their composition show high percentage of PUFA. The major class of fatty acids that is changed with nutrition is PUFA. The better ratios of PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 are found in Longissimus muscle of animals finished in pasture systems.

자동차 제어장치의 져더 진동 측정 및 진단 방법 (Test and Diagnostics Methods for Judder Vibration of the Brake System)

  • 강태원;임상규
    • 소음진동
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.613-620
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    • 1999
  • 디스크 두께 변화(DTV)에 의해 야기되는 져더현상은 일반적으로 차체진동, 브레이크 페달 떨림, 그리고 스티어링 휠의 떨림에 의해 감지된다. 이번 연구에서는, 차수분석 및 Operational Vibration Analysis(OVA)를 통해 차체진동이 DTV profile에 의해 어떻게 영향을 받는지를 중점적으로 조사하였다. 진동 측정위치는 knuckle, lower arm, lower arm 연결 차체부위이고, 져더 발생 DTV profile도 실측하였다. 시험 분석 결과, DTV는 져더현상에 차수별 상대적인 방향 기여도를 나타내며 특히 디스크 회전 2차 성분은 차량진행 방향으로의 lower arm 진동을 현저하게 야기시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 시험 및 분석 기술은 져더 현상을 진단하고 문제를 개선하는데 유효하리라고 예측된다.

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Dietary inclusion of glucose oxidase supplementation to corn-wheat-based diet enhance growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile of lactating sows

  • Sureshkumar, Shanmugam;Liu, Yan Jie;Chen, Ning Bo;Kim, In Ho
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제63권4호
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    • pp.778-789
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    • 2021
  • The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of dietary glucose oxidase (GOx) supplementation on the reproductive performance, litter performance, total tract digestibility, and blood profile of lactating sows fed corn- wheat-based diet. A total of twenty multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were allocated into one of four treatments with five replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments were as follows: CON (Basal diet), GO1 (basal diet + 200 U GOx/kg), GO2 (basal diet + 300 U GOx/kg), GO3 (basal diet + 400 U Gox/kg). Dietary GOx supplementation did not affect lactating sow's reproduction performance as well as body weight, backfat thickness, and body condition score during pre and post farrowing, and at weaning (p > 0.05). However, after farrowing to weaning period lactating sow's fed GOx supplement has linearly (p = 0.0196) decreased the bodyweight loss. While, there were no effects (p > 0.05) observed on sows backfat thickness loss, average daily feed intake, and estrus interval among treatment groups. Dietary supplementation of GOx has linearly improved the body weight gain (p = 0.049) and average daily gain (p = 0.040) of suckling piglets. The total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen was linearly increased with the graded level of GOx supplement. Also, a linear effect was observed on the glucose and superoxide dismutase of blood profile with the dietary inclusion of GOx. In summary, our finding indicates that the dietary inclusion of GOx supplement with corn- wheat-based diet had a beneficial effect on the nutrient digestibility and blood profile of lactating sows and improved the growth performance of suckling piglets.

Mechanical behaviour of composite columns composed of RAC-filled square steel tube and profile steel under eccentric compression loads

  • Ma, Hui;Xi, Jiacheng;Zhao, Yaoli;Dong, Jikun
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.103-120
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    • 2021
  • This research examines the eccentric compression performance of composite columns composed of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC)-filled square steel tube and profile steel. A total of 17 specimens on the composite columns with different recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement percentage, RAC strength, width to thickness ratio of square steel tube, profile steel ratio, eccentricity and slenderness ratio were subjected to eccentric compression tests. The failure process and characteristic of specimens under eccentric compression loading were observed in detail. The load-lateral deflection curves, load-train curves and strain distribution on the cross section of the composite columns were also obtained and described on the basis of test data. Results corroborate that the failure characteristics and modes of the specimens with different design parameters were basically similar under eccentric compression loads. The compression side of square steel tube yields first, followed by the compression side of profile steel. Finally, the RAC in the columns was crushed and the apparent local bulging of square steel tube was also observed, which meant that the composite column was damaged and failed. The composite columns under eccentric compression loading suffered from typical bending failure. Moreover, the eccentric bearing capacity and deformation of the specimens decreased as the RCA replacement percentage and width to thickness ratio of square steel tube increased, respectively. Slenderness ratio and eccentricity had a significantly adverse effect on the eccentric compression performance of composite columns. But overall, the composite columns generally had high-bearing capacity and good deformation. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the composite columns under eccentric compression loads was also analysed in detail, and the calculation formulas on the eccentric compression capacity of composite columns were proposed via the limit equilibrium analysis method. The calculation results of the eccentric compression capacity of columns are consistent with the test results, which verify the validity of the formulas, and the conclusions can serve as references for the engineering application of this kind of composite columns.

Si 기판에 주입된 $BF_2$ 불순물이 Ti silieides 형성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Implanted $BF_2$ on the Formation of Ti-Silicides)

  • 최석훈;최진석;백수현
    • 대한전자공학회논문지
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    • 제27권12호
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    • pp.1852-1858
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    • 1990
  • The sheet resistance and thickness of Ti-Silicides treated RTA at 600, 700, 800\ulcorner was measured with amount of BF2 implanted in Si substrate. And the profile of BF2 was studied by SIMS. The formation of TiSi2 starts at 700\ulcorner. The Ti-Silicides almost consist of TiSi2 and have a low resistivity about 16列 cm at 800\ulcorner. The sheet resistances of Ti-silicides increase and thicknesses of it decrease with increasing dose of BF2. Considering the results of SIMS and the thickness of native oxide, the decrease of thickness of Silicides chiefly results from the increase of native oxide thickness with increasing dopants.

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Strain measurement in the interface between crystalline Silicon and amorphous Silicon with MEIS

  • Yongho Ha;Kim, Sehun;Kim, H.K.;D.W. Moon
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 1999년도 제17회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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    • pp.178-178
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    • 1999
  • Low temperature Si epitaxy can provide flexibility for a device designer to tailor or optimize the device performance. It is better method for controlling the doping thickness, concentration and profile than ion implantation and diffusion. But there is a limited growth thickness in this method. At a given temperature, the film grows epitaxially for a certain limiting thickness(hepi) and becomes amorphous. The transition from crystalline Si to amorphous Si is abrupt. In this study, Si film was deposited by ion beam sputter deposition on Si (0001) above a limiting thickness and measure the strain in the interface between crystalline Si and amorphous Si. The strain was compressive and the maximum value was about 2%.

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Electro-elastic analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric variable thickness rotating disk under thermal environment

  • Arefi, Mohammad;Moghaddam, Sina Kiani
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제71권1호
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    • pp.23-35
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    • 2019
  • In this study we derive the governing equations of a functionally graded piezoelectric disk, subjected to thermo-electro-mechanical loads. First order shear deformation theory is used for description of displacement field. Principles of minimum potential energy is used to derive governing equations in terms of components of the displacement field and the electric potential. The governing equations are derived for a disk with variable thickness. The numerical results are presented in terms of important parameters of the problem such as profile of variable thickness, in-homogeneous index and other related parameters.

경사면상의 층류 세류유동 특성 (Flow Characteristics of a Laminar Rivulet Down an Inclined Surface)

  • 김병주
    • 설비공학논문집
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    • 제17권11호
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    • pp.1035-1042
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    • 2005
  • In the present study, the principle of minimum energy is employed to configure the shape of rivulet flowing down an inclined surface. The profile of laminar rivulet is determined by numerical integration. The maximum center thickness, which corresponds to the minimum thickness of falling film, is found to exist regardless of liquid flow rate and is compared with the analytical and experimental data. At small liquid flow rate the center thickness of rivulet and its width increase almost linearly with flow rate. Once the center thickness of rivulet becomes very close to its maximum value, its growth rate retards abruptly. However the width of rivulet increases proportionally to the liquid flow rate and most part of its free surface is as flat as that of stable film. The growth rate of rivulet thickness with respect to liquid flow rate becomes larger at bigger contact angle. The width of rivulet increases rapidly with its flow rate especially at small contact angle, As the liquid-vapor interfacial shear stress increases, the center thickness of rivulet decreases with its flow rate, which is remarkable at small contact angle. However the effect of interfacial shear stress on the width of rivulet is almost negligible.

Ti-6Al-4V합금의 형상 링 압연 공정설계 (Process Design for Profile Ring Rolling of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy)

  • 염종택;김정한;이동근;박노광;최승식;이종수
    • 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.357-360
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    • 2007
  • The profile ring rolling process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was designed by finite element(FE) simulation and experimental analysis. The design includes geometry design and optimization of process variables. The geometry design such as initial billet and blank sizes, and final rolled ring shape was carried out with the calculation method based on the uniform deformation concept between the wall thickness and ring height. FEM simulation was used to calculate the state variables such as strain, strain rate and temperature and to predict the formation of forming defects during ring rolling process. Finally, the mechanical properties of profiled Ti-6Al-4V alloy ring product were analyzed with the evolution of microstructures during the ring rolling process.

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저소비전력 PDP 구동을 위한 고효율 박형 전원회로 개발 (A Low-Profile DC-To-DC Converter for Sustain Driving Circuits of AC PDP Application Systems)

  • 이상원;최병조;이기조
    • 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 전력전자학회 2003년도 춘계전력전자학술대회 논문집(1)
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    • pp.247-250
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    • 2003
  • The current paper presents the design and implementation of a low-profile dc-to-dc converter developed as a power supply for the sustain driving: circuit inside large-area wall-mount ac PDP application systems. Details on the design and implementation of a 500 W prototype dc-to-dc converter, miniaturized within a 230 mm$\times$ 130 mm area with a thickness of 25 mm while still achieving a 95 $\%$ conversion efficiency, are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and application potentials of the proposed low-profile dc -to-dc converters.

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