• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.646-656
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• 2015

This study investigates the conditions of Korean naval duty and combat uniforms to develop a new design. Survey participants consisted of, 723 Sailors ($25.3{\pm}6.9yr$ in age, $43{\pm}53$ months in work experience, $174{\pm}6cm$ in height, $71{\pm}9kg$ in body mass) serving in the Korean Navy for over 12 months. The questionnaire consisted of 72 questions about anthropometric characteristics, preferred design, textiles, wear mobility, and subjective perceptions. The results showed that the preferred colors for future naval duty uniforms were blue in summer (69%) and black in winter (62%). Digital camouflage pattern (60%) and darker colors on the inside of shirt collar (87%) and the edge of sleeves (84%) were preferred. They favored more than one pocket on the upper arm and chest of the shirts (58%), narrower width around pant legs and hems than the current clothing (63%), self-controlled elastic waist (55%) and no cargo type pocket on the pants (45%). There were requirements to alleviate excessive heat stress in summer and to protect from the cold and wind in winter. Wrinkle-free (85%), anti-bacterial (78%), water-proof (75%), oil-proof (90%), and elastic (67%) textiles were preferred for Korean navy uniforms. These results will be applied to develop the next generation Korean navy uniforms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.141-146
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• 2001

실내 공기조화를 하는 거주역에 대한 온열환경요소의 자극 변화를 통해 실내 에너지를 절약할 수도 있으며 쾌적감도 향상시킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 거주자의 온열감각을 자극할 수 있는 온열요소 중 비교적 영향이 크고 용이하게 제어할 수 있는 온도 및 기류의 변동으로 한국인의 온열감각(온냉감, 쾌적감, 만족감)에 미치는 영향을 실험을 통하여 파악하였다. 온도 및 기류별 실험을 통하여 22$^{\circ}C$, 24$^{\circ}C$, 26$^{\circ}C$의 각 온도에 대한 패케지 에어컨의 강, 중, 약 기류에 대한 인체순응 시간과 인체 변화를 파악하였다. 또한 인체순응시간을 고려한 온도 상승 실험을 통하여 24$^{\circ}C$, 26$^{\circ}C$에서 1$^{\circ}C$온도 상승시 인체의 온열쾌적감의 변화를 파악하였으며 온도 상승을 통한 인체 순응시간을 도출하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 초기공조 조건을 24C$^{\circ}C$ 로 한 경우 인체순응을 통한 온도 상승으로 30분 후의 공조중기와 공조후기에 온도 및 기류의 지속적인 변동 자극으로 온냉감은 "약간 서늘하다"를 지속적으로 유지하고 있으며 온도상승으로 인한 쾌적존의 높은 온도에서도 기류의 영향으로 쾌적감은 30분 이후부터 "쾌적"을 지속적으로 유지하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 인체순응을 고려한 온도 및 기류의 자극을 통하여 공조초기부터 공조말기의 장시간에도 인체가 지속적인 쾌적성을 유지한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.성을 유지한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.9_10
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• pp.1465-1474
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• 2007

We analyzed the effects of regular Jjimjilbang(Korean sauna) exposure on the heat tolerance in young and old females. Subjects were young(n=7) and old(n=7) females who never had a bath in Jjimjilbang for last year. Jjimjilbang training group took a bath in Jjimjilbang once a week 19 times. Jjimjibang expsure was limited three times per day, Jjimjil were taken free way. To prove the effects of the heat tolerance, Subjects were exposed to hot and humid air$(40.0{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C,\;60{\pm}5%RH)$. In the condition, subjects were taken a foot bathing$(40.0{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C)$ and simulated for 30 min., and rectal temperature, skin temperatures, clothing microclimate, blood pressure, total body weight loss, local sweat and subjective sensation were measured. The results are as follow: Rectal temperature, skin temperatures, clothing microclimate, total body weight and subjective thermal comfort sensation were decreased gradually(p<.001). Local sweat of upper arm was decreased(p<.01). In conclusion. the regular Jjimjilbang exposure has positive effects upon improvement in regulation of body temperature, especially in heat tolerance.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.143-153
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• 2015

The ventilation system is a key device to ensure both healthful indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort in buildings. The ventilation system should make the IAQ meet the standards such as ASHRAE 62. This study deals with a new approach to modeling the ventilation and IAQ requirement in residential buildings. In that approach, Elite software is used to calculate the air supply volume, and CONTAM model as a multi-zone and contaminant dispersal model is employed to estimate the contaminants' concentrations. Amongst various contaminants existing in the residential buildings, two main contaminates of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and carbon monoxide (CO) were considered. CO and $CO_2$ are generated mainly from combustion sources such as gas cooking and heating oven. In addition to the mentioned sources, $CO_2$ is generated from occupants' respirations. To show how that approach works, a sample house with the area of $80m^2$ located in Tehran was considered as an illustrative case study. The results showed that $CO_2$ concentration in the winter was higher than the acceptable level. Therefore, the air change rate (ACH) of 4.2 was required to lower the $CO_2$ concentration below the air quality threshold in the living room, and in the bedrooms, the rate of ventilation volume should be 11.2 ACH.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

Purpose : Improvement of indoor thermal comfort and reduction of the energy consumption in building can be obtained by applying a double skin facade system. In order to achieve effectively this purpose, design team would have to perform easy and appropriate performance analysis for making better design decision during the design process. Method : This paper focus on the natural ventilation performance of a multi-story type double skin facade with main causes which are pressure difference according to the wind and temperature difference between indoor and outdoor (Buoyancy Effect). Using this main causes, the natural ventilation ratio of wind effect-to-buoyancy effect in cavity of multi-story type double skin facade were analyzed through the performance analysis results of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. Result : When the wind velocity was 2m/s, the ventilation rate in the cavity was highest. If wind velocity was slower than 2m/s wind velocity, buoyancy effect has more influence on the ventilation rate in the cavity, and if wind velocity was faster than 2m/s wind velocity, wind effect has more influence on the ventilation rate in the cavity.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.177-183
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• 2011

VES-LMC(very-early strength latex modified concrete) has been widely used as repair material for bridge deck overlay or rehabilitation, because it could be opened to the traffic after 3 hours of curing. However, the bright color of VES-LMC disturb driver's sigh. A black VES-LMC, matching to asphalt concrete, was developed and applied at a filed for driver's comfort and safety. The black VES-LMC included 2% carbon black in cement weight ratio. A series of performance evaluation for black VES-LMC was done in terms of field applicability, pavement color and temperature change. The field applicability test result showed that there were no change of workability, slump and air void, and the compressive strengthen developed more than 20MPa after 4 hours of placement. The thermal stress of black VES-LMC was smaller than that of OPC and asphalt concrete, which means the stability of black VES-LMC. The performance evaluation result showed that the black VES-LMC could prevent road icing at below zero temperatures and promote thawing at melting temperature.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.91-104
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• 2015

Recently, various researches for the improvement of Han-ok performance carried out. But, most of them are tend to come from the viewpoint of suppliers rather than that of Han-ok habitants. It means that environmental elements which real habitants feel are not reflected in the design of initial Han-ok design. Therefore, it is necessary that many researchers should analyze the degree of dwelling satisfaction derived from real life. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find the avaliable factors that need to be considered in the process of initial Han-ok design and construction through the analysis on the living performance satisfaction ratio of modern New Han-ok's habitants. Method: To achieve this goal, surveys were carried out in 83 Han-oks which actual habitants were living, located in 14 happy villages Jeonnam province. Following are survey items about residential environmental conditions; kinds of wall material, gap(connection joint between wall and wood columns) reinforcement or not, kinds of window, kinds of facilities around windows, kinds of heating source, heating types(single, multiple), financial burdens, selective heating or not and so on. Result: The results of this study may be used to improve the living performance satisfaction ratio of new Han-ok habitants and as a basis for the specifying the desired thermal comfort environment of dwelling.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2014

Among the various building envelope elements, the glass area takes up the largest portion in the office building design. However, a large area of glass can cause problems such as excessive solar radiation, thermal comfort, and glare. Thus it is important to install the glass area to an appropriate level, and control solar radiation and inflow of daylight with blind devices. This study aims to improve the visual performance of the work plane through the automatic control of the venetian blinds. A total of eight kinds of control strategies were chosen; Case 1 does not control the blinds, Case 2 with the blind slats fixed at the angle of 0 degree, Case 3 to 6 using the existing blind control programs, and Case 7 and 8 with improved blind control. Case 3 with 90 degrees had the best energy performance, but the average indoor illuminance was 113lux, which is below the standards. Cases 4 and 5 showed higher levels of interior daylight illuminance with the average of 281lux and 403lux respectively. However, the fixed angles may have difficulties controlling excessive direct sunlight coming into the room and may cause glare. Cases 6 and 7 used sun tracking angle control and cut-off angle control, and the average interior illuminance was measured 250lux and 385lux respectively. Case 8 used the cut-off angle control in an hourly manner, satisfying the standard illuminance of 400lux with an average interior illuminance of 561lux. It was evaluated to be the best method to control direct solar radiation and to guarantee proper level of interior illumination.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.597-603
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• 2006

This study was aimed to find out the problems of wearing flame-proof clothing and to analytically assess functional working-clothes, thus to propose a new design. We carried out a questionnaire with workers in the field and evaluated the facility for wearing, the sensation of wearing and clothing microclimate in the environmental chamber. We found out the problems were in the parts of neck, armpits, armhole, sleeve, crotch and suspenders. Thermal sensation, wet sensation and comfort sensations were evaluated to be 'hot', 'wet' and near to discomfort', respectively. Therefore, improvement of movement and air permeability is needed. If we can add gusset on armpit for air permeability, this gusset will enable to enlarge the surface in armpit area and finally give a movement efficiency. We suggested several new partly modified design for flame-proof clothing which can be applied to other protective clothing for improvement. This must be further considered in the ergonomic evaluation of new proposed functional working-clothes as well as in the suggestion of design.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2012

This study was undertaken to develop protective gloves for rose farmers who work on thorny plant in Korea. Prototype of protective gloves was designed and evaluated in terms of thermal comfort and mobility. Gloves were made with arm protectors attached to them, so that they could protect the lower part of arms, and rubber bands were inserted into the arm protectors for them not to slip down. The bending part of each finger was punched in order to give ventilation. Also, the bending parts of the fingers in the upper and lower part of gloves were inserted with sponges and were stitched together in order to enhance gripping movement. According to compared evaluation of the developed gloves and the existing gloves, temperature inside the gloves didn't show any significant differences, but humidity inside the gloves showed significant differences. There were significant differences in terms of comparison of objective mobility, that is, pegboard run-time and grip power, from statistical aspects. In addition, a comparison of subjective discomfort showed significant differences and so the suitability of developed gloves was proved.