• Title/Summary/Keyword: The meanings of construction

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A Study on the Meaning of Construction in Euclid Elements (에서 작도의 의미에 대한 고찰)

  • Kim, Chang Su;Kang, Jeong Gi
    • Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.119-139
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    • 2017
  • The construction in the ancient Greek era had more meanings than a construction in the present education. Based on this fact, this study examines the meaning of the current textbook. In contrast, we have extracted the meaning of the constructions in Euclid Elements. In addition, we have been thinking about what benefits can come up if the meaning of the construction in Euclid Elements was reflected in current education, and suggested a way to exploit that advantage. As results, it was confirmed that the construction in the current textbook was merely a means for introducing and understanding the congruent conditions of the triangle. On the other hand, the construction had four meanings in Euclid Elements; Abstract activities that have been validated by the postulates, a mean of demonstrating the existence of figures and obtaining validity for the introduction of auxiliary lines, refraining from intervening in the argument except for the introduction of auxiliary lines, a mean of dealing with numbers and algebra. Finally we discussed the advantages of using the constructions as a means of ensuring the validity of the introduction of the auxiliary line to the argument. And we proposed a viewpoint of construction by intervention of virtual tools for auxiliary lines which can not be constructed with Euclid tool.

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Revisiting the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala in Hindu Temples, and Its Meanings

  • Kim, Young Jae
    • Architectural research
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 2014
  • The objective of this article, positively recognizing existing researches, is to revisit some aspects regarding the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala with a square grid work which is a fundamental planning guideline to control the construction of a Hindu temple and a mathematical doctrine to lead ritual programs. Hence, this paper suggests some reservations as to certain details such as temple constructions. In order to lay hold on its meaning, this paper touches upon the specific matters about the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala in the building construction of Hindu temples, which set out to shed light on four concerns; first, it explores the formation process of the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala in concert with the evolution of Hindu temples over time; second, it considers differences and similarities in comparison with other texts intimately articulated with the construction of temples, and then understands the relationship between their local languages and applications to the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala; third, it examines the symbolic and sanctified process of the temple's construction on the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala grids with two- or three-dimensional computer graphics (by means of the Auto Cad and Rhino tools), invisibly situating the divinities within it and illuminating the roles of ornamentation in the structural terms of temples; fourth, it presents that there are another rules on the building construction based upon architect-priest's craftsmanship skilled as a stonemason or a carpenter in the manual processes of the temples' construction for proper measurements and truncations of stone and wood closely linked together structural stability of completed temples. In conclusion, proceeding from what has been said above, this thesis shows that the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala grid includes both practical and spiritual meanings to construct a Hindu temple.

A study of the destructive styles from Contemporary Paintings - Focused on distinguishing enmity-destruction and self-destruction - (현대회화에서 드러난 해체의 형식론에 관한 연구 -타의적 해체와 자의적 해체의 성격규정을 중심으로-)

  • Park Ki-Woong
    • Journal of Science of Art and Design
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    • v.7
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    • pp.5-63
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    • 2005
  • Generally, the meanings of destruction are related in the meaning of demolition, breakdown, into fragments ... and so on, and the similar meanings are twist, crush, demolish, split, cut, into pieces , break up ... etc. Further, it has related in the cruelty and destructive heart which are linked with orgy, Sadism, Necrophilia and so on. The meanings are also expressed by the initial , which are deprivation, deface, defame, deform, degrade, delegitimize, denounce , deride, destroy, devalue, as well as debase, debunk, declaim, declassify, decry, delete, denigrate, deprecate, despise or detract ...and so on. Dario Gamboni has discussed the meaning in his book as two categories Iconoclasm and Vandalism. And the similar meanings could be found in the words which has the initial of , like abase, abate, abhor, abjure, abolish, abridge, abuse ...and so on. Even though the distinct meanings of Iconoclasm and Vandalism, it is not easy to distinguish clearly between the differences when the results are accomplished in contemporary paintings because of the similarity of the results. In korean vocabulary there are no similar words to distinguish between the meanings of destruction and deconstruction, and the deconstruction is not recorded in the general dictionaries. However the meaning of is diminishing, separation, contrast and so on. So the unification of the word as do-construction is not construct, minus construction, reverse construction. And Vincent Ditch explained that there are the meaning of destroy the text. From Jacques Derrida, the deconstruction strategy is to criticise the world of traditional metaphysics and logocentrism, and not to reconstruire the philosophical meaning of texts but $d\'{e}construire$ them. And Saussure emphasized that the signifers could have more meaning that there can be more signified in traditional texts in the art. as a result, deconstruction is explained that there are many signified meanings in a signifer. In this thesis , from using the meanings of destruction and deconstruction, to distinguish the expressive skills in contemporary art works are arising. Therefore, special methods which are linked in the destruction styles are selected. As a result, the two different purposes of destruction is arising, one is enmity destruction and the other is self destruction another word, auto destruction or destruction to create The enmity destruction can be distinguished by the two category Iconoclasm and Vandalism. They come from the moment of different historical aspect is arising and want to attack the Icon or masterpiece this concept is from the study of John Philips and especially iconoclasm is linked with religious and artistic heart, but Vandalism is come from the political attack. Sometime, this distinguish is not clearly arising, because the two aspects are co-related in the attack. As a result, firstly, the Iconoclastic controversy had arisen in the methods of Dadaism which has developed by Man Ray, Francis Picabia and Marcel Duchamp. They want to attack the pre-established master-pieces and painting spaces, and they had 'non-artistic attitude' not to be art. Since 1980, the German artist Anselm Kiefer adapted the methods and made them his special skills so he had tried to paint tough brush strokes and draw with hugh pallette image line and fire and water images , they can be the image attack as the Iconoclasm. secondly, the model of vandalism is to be done by hammer, drill, canon and so on. the method is to attack the content of painting. Further, the object of destruction is bound by cords and iron lings to demolish or to declare the authority of pre-statues; it symbolize the pre-authority is gone already. Self-destruction based paintings are clearly different in the purpose of approaching the art work. First of all, they can be auto-destruction, creative destruction and metamorphosis destruction, which is linked with the skill the material aspect and basic stature, and sign destruction or signifier destruction, which is link with the inner meaning destruction that is considered as the Semiotical destruction in post-modern paintings. Since 1960, the auto destruction is based on the method of firing, melting, grinding and similar skills, which is linked with Neo-Dada and reverse-assemblage. Metamorphosis destruction is strongly linked with the basic inner heart price and quality, so it can be resulted in the changedness of expectation and recognition. Tony Cragg has developed the skills to metamorphose the wood as stone or iron as cloth and stone as sponge and rubber and so on. The researcher has developed the same style in the series of since 2003. The other self-destructive methods are found in the skill of sign destruction. In the methods the meaning of the art is not fixed as one or two, but is developed multi-meaning and differ from original starting situation, so Jacques Derrida called the difference meaning in deconstruction. It is the destruction of textes. These methods are accomplished by David Salle, Francesco Clemente, and recently Tracy Emin, who has developed the attacking heart in the spectators' emotion. Sometime in the method of self-destruction, it is based on horror and shock, the method is explored by Demian Hirst and Jakes and Dinos Chapman. Their destructive styles stimulate ambivalent heart and destroy original sign of girl and animals.

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Strategies to Promote Supervisor's Leadership for Preventing Accidents in Construction Projects (효과적인 건설재해예방을 위한 현장소장 리더쉽 육성방안)

  • Hong, Sung-Ho;Lee, Seung-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.21 no.2 s.74
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2006
  • The main purpose of this study is to present the strategies for strengthening the leadership of field supervisors to effectively prevent construction accidents. To this end, first, this research study reviewed the meanings, functions, types and characteristics of the leadership of field supervisors in safety management activities on construction sites through the literature review. Second, the researcher investigated the types of supervisors' leadership and the level of field safety management activities through questionnaires. Third, the types of supervisors' leadership are categorized by that level. Fourth, the leadership type of field supervisors is suggested to effectively prevent construction accidents. Finally, the strategies to promote supervisors' leadership are developed.

On the Study of the Interaction between Syntax and Semantics in See Verb Construction in English (영어 '보다(see)' 구문에 나타나는 통사와 의미의 상호관련성 연구)

  • Kim, Mija
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.39
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    • pp.329-354
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    • 2015
  • The major goals of this paper are to identify the degree into which the meanings of 'see' verb can be extended, focusing on the extended meanings shown in the expressions that denote our instinctive actions for survival, such as eating or drinking, etc., and to clarify the doubt on whether any syntactic pattern can be associated with the meaning in the process of meaning extension of 'see' verb. For doing this task, this paper picked out 2,000 examples randomly from COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English), in which the verb 'see' is used. This paper classified the sentences into thirteen different sentence types, according to the syntactic patterns. This research showed that these thirteen syntactic types lead us to figure out the process of the meaning extension of the verb 'see'. With this result, this paper made an attempt to provide the four steps toward the meaning extension of verb 'see'. The verb 'see' in the first step denotes the meaning of purely seeing the visualized objects. This verb in the second step expresses the shifted function, under which the agent in the subject position takes the seeing action as a secondary task in order to carry out other main task. The verb in the third step denotes the extended meanings irrelevant to the seeing action, because the sentences on this step do not contain any visualized objects. In the last step this verb functions as conventional implicature whose meaning does not contribute to the whole meaning of a sentence. In addition, this paper identified that the syntactic properties are deeply associated with the process of meaning extension of the verb 'see', and tried to formalize this relationship between the syntax and semantics within the framework of Construction Grammar based on A. Goldberg.

An Interpretation of Landscape of Ch'angdok Palace Rear Garden -Focused on the king Jongjo's "Sangrimshipkyong" Poem- (창덕궁 후원의 경관에 관한 소고 -정조의 "상림십경(上林十景)"을 중심으로)

  • 이수학
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.92-108
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    • 2000
  • The rear garden of the Ch'angdok Palace is considered to be representative of gardens of the 15th century to the end of Choson Dynasty in the early 20th century and is very well preserved. Therefore with its long history, it's been represented in various way. This study tried to interprete the rear garden of the Ch'angdok Palace in terms of 'text through king Jungjo's "Sangrimshipkyog". Jungjo's "Sangrimshipkyng" that describes scenery related to ten place of the rear garden of the Ch'angdok Palace was written when he was a crown prince. And the scenery of ten places can't be separated from their physical looks and those ten places were quite different from now. For that reason, to begin with, this study recomposed those ten places through maps and drawings that revived the current looks and rear garden. And what poems tried to tell and what meanings whey had in the literacy of that age that allowed "poem enchained ten scapes" were studied in the context of co-relationship with space. As a text it is very ancient and questions arise on how to correctly interpret the information it holds. But this interpretation is only one side of the various aspects that the rear garden of the Ch'angdok Palace has compared to its long history. In light of the present age an interpretation can have richer and more varied meanings, creating many new viewpoints. creating many new viewpoints.

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Symbolism of Circle, Square and Triangle Inherent in the Prototype Drafting Method for Traditional Hanbok (전통한복 원형제도법에 내재된 원(圓).방(方).각(角)의 상징성)

  • Jung, Ok-Im
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.93-104
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    • 2011
  • The basic framework of traditional Korean clothing construction consists of circle, square and triangle. This composition principle has been presumed to be associated with the Cheonbu concept of the Dangun era wherein nature and human being are considered united. The Cheonbu concept is represented by circle, square and triangle which constitute Cheonbuin, the images and meanings of heaven. It contains profound philosophy wherein a circle symbolizes heaven and represents number one, a square symbolizes earth and represents the number two, and a triangle symbolizes human beings and represents the number three. Circles, squares and triangles have been used as various symbolic meanings both in the east and west and constitute the framework of Hanbok construction while connoting the Cheonbu concept and symbolism of the Cosmo-tree. From this point of view, the unity of human beings and heaven in Cheonbugyeong is symbolically inherent in Hanbok. Therefore, Hanbok with the basic framework of circles, squares and triangles can be considered a positive creation that created a composition principle of body-nature-clothing.

Interpreting the Characteristics and the Meanings of Urban Spaces as the Background of Films - Focusing on Korean Films from 1960's - (영화 배경으로서의 도시 공간의 특징과 의미 해석 - 1960년 이후의 한국영화를 중심으로 -)

  • Seo Young-Ai;Zoh Kyung-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.34 no.1 s.114
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    • pp.69-80
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    • 2006
  • The purposes of this study are to analyze the meanings of urban spaces which are the background of the Korean films, and to capture the interactions of ordinary culture and urban spaces. By reading urban spaces through films, it is possible to understand the variety of experiences that are hardly captured with direct eyes, specific and vivid urban images, and various events formed by the interactions of spaces and people. The scope of the study is the urban spaces revealed in Korean films portraying cities after the 1960's as their settings, and the total of 18 films was selected with every $4{\sim}5$ films for each time stage. With the selected films, analytical meanings were developed with considering three aspects; 1) phylogenetic meaning that simply reflects social-cultural and historical background, 2) the outer strum meaning that concerns the situation of special background and film scene, and 3) metaphorical and metanymic meaning on films. According to the appearance frequency, spatial backgrounds of film scenes are mainly alleys, main streets, railroad, loft, and riverside. And then the connection between spaces and meaning clusters was grasped, and reflected meanings were derived for every spaces. And the meaning of urban space in films was analyzed based on the meaning of developments and outer stratum. The fundamental characteristics and feelings of people in media such as films are more emphasized than in real world. Urban space is not considered as a simple visible shell, but is recognized as 'a real situation' created by people. The intension of this study was to open the possibility of the various views of urban spaces. The construction of the urban space should be approached from a perspective of creating new places at where the space and human beings interact with considerations of stories of various human lives. I hope new vistas can be opened up for the research subjects and methodologies about the hereafter study of urban spaces through the mutual communications with various adjacent regions including films.

Automation of M.E.P Design Using Large Language Models (대형 언어 모델을 활용한 설비설계의 자동화)

  • Park, Kyung Kyu;Lee, Seung-Been;Seo, Min Jo;Kim, Si Uk;Choi, Won Jun;Kim, Chee Kyung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2023.11a
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    • pp.237-238
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    • 2023
  • Urbanization and the increase in building scale have amplified the complexity of M.E.P design. Traditional design methods face limitations when considering intricate pathways and variables, leading to an emergent need for research in automated design. Initial algorithmic approaches encountered challenges in addressing complex architectural structures and the diversity of M.E.P types. However, with the launch of OpenAI's ChatGPT-3.5 beta version in 2022, new opportunities in the automated design sector were unlocked. ChatGPT, based on the Large Language Model (LLM), has the capability to deeply comprehend the logical structures and meanings within training data. This study analyzed the potential application and latent value of LLMs in M.E.P design. Ultimately, the implementation of LLM in M.E.P design will make genuine automated design feasible, which is anticipated to drive advancements across designs in the construction sector.

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The Meaning of Plant Species in Korean Gugok Poems(九曲詩歌) (우리나라 구곡시가에서 나타난 조경 식물종의 상징적 의미)

  • Oh, Chang-Song;Park, Sang-Wook
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.77-94
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    • 2020
  • Gugok poems were an important material for studying the Gugok landscape garden(九曲園林). the landscape feature(景物)that emerges from poetry is an important material that expresses the sense of placefulness and garden consciousness(園林意識). However, many studies are passive about plant materials that can explore the perception of nature or the aesthetic embodiment process. Therefore, this study seeks to discover various symbolic meanings and reveal the context of plants that have appeared in Gugok poems in order to expand the research material of the Gugok culture. To carry out the purpose of the study, I collected a total of 25 related poems from 18 Gugoks and found a total of 20 species of trees. I used 'R-program' to derive the meaning of trees and examined the meaning of trees by intertextuality. According to the study, the 20 species of trees contained symbolic meanings of world of Taoist hermit, pursuit of study, constancy, true pleasure, dignity, honest poverty, reign of peace, nostalgia. Many species focused on the symbolism of the 'world of Taoist hermit' and then on the 'dignity' was the most frequent. A number of species, except for the peach, zelkova and oak, had multiple meanings. Among them, pine trees and lotus had a wide range of symbolic meanings and different meanings depending on the characteristics of the surrounding landscape. While the Gugok culture generally targets natural scenery, Yongsan, Toegye, Deoksan, and Jusan showed the characteristics of strengthening or reproducing symbolic meanings through artificial plating and gardening. In order to overcome the limitations of the peach tree, which symbolizes 'Mureungdowon(武陵桃園)', Gugok poems used maple trees and reeds as alternative species. In accordance with the above context, the trees appearing in the Gugok poems expressed their symbolic meaning differently according to the landscape features, acts and purposes of the Gugoks, rather than sticking to the traditional meaning.