• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.706-713
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the impact of surgical simulation training using a three-dimensional (3D)-printed model of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) on surgical skill development. Materials and Methods: A life-size congenital heart disease model was printed using a Stratasys Object500 Connex2 printer from preoperative electrocardiography-gated CT scans of a 6-month-old patient with TOF with complex pulmonary stenosis. Eleven cardiothoracic surgeons independently evaluated the suitability of four 3D-printed models using composite Tango 27, 40, 50, and 60 in terms of palpation, resistance, extensibility, gap, cut-through ability, and reusability of. Among these, Tango 27 was selected as the final model. Six attendees (two junior cardiothoracic surgery residents, two senior residents, and two clinical fellows) independently performed simulation surgeries three times each. Surgical proficiency was evaluated by an experienced cardiothoracic surgeon on a 1-10 scale for each of the 10 surgical procedures. The times required for each surgical procedure were also measured. Results: In the simulation surgeries, six surgeons required a median of 34.4 (range 32.5-43.5) and 21.4 (17.9-192.7) minutes to apply the ventricular septal defect (VSD) and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) patches, respectively, on their first simulation surgery. These times had significantly reduced to 17.3 (16.2-29.5) and 13.6 (10.3-30.0) minutes, respectively, in the third simulation surgery (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01, respectively). The decreases in the median patch appliance time among the six surgeons were 16.2 (range 13.6-17.7) and 8.0 (1.8-170.3) minutes for the VSD and RVOT patches, respectively. Summing the scores for the 10 procedures showed that the attendees scored an average of 28.58 ± 7.89 points on the first simulation surgery and improved their average score to 67.33 ± 15.10 on the third simulation surgery (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Inexperienced cardiothoracic surgeons improved their performance in terms of surgical proficiency and operation time during the experience of three simulation surgeries using a 3D-printed TOF model using Tango 27 composite.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and mechanisms of Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) herbal acupuncture. Methods : Anti-diabetic and anti-steatotic activity of the AS herbal acupuncture was investigated on C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. After random grouping at the age of 9 weeks, the herbal acupuncture groups were injected subcutaneously at the left and right Gansu (BL18) corresponding acupuncture points alternately on exactly the same time every day with 0.1ml of either 400 mg/kg or 800 mg/kg of AS (AS400 and AS800) for 8-week period. As a positive control, metformin was administrated at a dose of 300 mg/kg (MT300). Body weights were measured weekly, and on every other week blood was collected for blood glucose analysis. At the end of study, blood was also collected for determination of plasma insulin and lipid levels, after which they were killed and periepidydimal fat, liver, muscle, and pancreas were immediately removed. The removed tissues were instantly soaked in liquid nitrogen and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ for morphological examination and mRNA analysis. Results : The AS herbal acupuncture significantly prevented weight gain on C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. The AS herbal acupuncture lowered blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. The increase of insulin response during the OGTT was inhibited by the AS herbal acupuncture. Insulin sensitivity of skeletal tissue was enhanced. Plasma lipid levels were significantly improved in the AS herbal acupuncture groups. The AS herbal acupuncture decreased hepatic lipogenesis and hepatic triglyceride production, and increased fatty acid (FA) transporter that involves in FA uptake. The AS herbal acupuncture inhibited the increase of liver mass by prevention of the accumulation of TG but did not inhibit weight gain of fat tissue on C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. Conclusion : In summary, we have demonstrated several unique properties of the AS herbal acupuncture in decreasing body weight, and reversing insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. This AS herbal acupuncture acts as an insulin sensitizer and specifically decreases circulating glucose and lipids, and suppresses hepatic lipogenesis.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.170-175
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• 2018

For the seismic performance, it is necessary to prevent the destruction of the expansion joint device due to the appropriate deformation of the expansion joint device due to the seismic force. Recently, the hinge is installed on the fingering of the expansion joint device in Korea, New products are being developed. In this paper, we have experimentally evaluated the real scale resistance of the expansion joints with rotational finger joints against load at right angle to the bridge axis. Experimental results show that the maximum horizontal displacement is about 21.1mm for conventional stretch joints and 51.00mm for seismic stretch joints. It is presumed that the existing expansion joint test specimen is resistant to the load in a direction perpendicular to the throat axis, and then the bending and shear deformation of the finger are excessively generated and the fracture phenomenon is likely to occur. On the other hand, in the case of the seismic expansion joint, the deformation of the load due to the load is absorbed by the hinge of the finger with respect to the load in the direction perpendicular to the throat, so that only horizontal deformation in the direction of load action.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2013

Because colostrum is considered to be the sole source of passively acquired maternal antibodies for calves, newborn calves must consume colostrum to gain disease resistance during their early years of life. Storage of surplus colostrum from dairy cows right after calving and feeding newborn calves in deficiency of colostrum to assure adequate uptake of IgG for protection of the calf has been a common practice in the bovine production. In the current study, 35 colostrums were randomly collected from 3 colostrum banks located in different regions of Korea and monitored for general bacterial contamination and major bovine pathogens. Immunoglobulin concentrations and BVDV-specific antibodies were also determined to evaluate the immune quality of the colostrums. Moderate to severe bacterial contamination (up to 72,000,000 CFU/ml) was observed in most of the colostrums collected from colostrum banks. General immune quality of the colostrums was under the satisfactory level since most of the colostrums contained less than 50 g/L of IgG, which is the minimum concentration for good quality colostrums. Therefore, colostrum for colostrum bank should be collected at the first 2-3 post-partum milkings according to proper harvesting and handling procedures to guarantee the safety and quality of colostrum. In addition, it was recommended that colostrum should be heat-treated before frozen and stored in the bank because pasteurization at $63^{\circ}C$ for 30 min was very effective reducing the risk of disease transmission without causing significant degradation of immunoglobulins.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.103-132
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• 2020

By analyzing the characteristics and meaning of dystopia in Korean juvenile science fiction, this study aims to search for the principles of juvenile literature responding to the contradictions of scientific technologism in collusion with state capitalism, and to consider its limitations and significance. This study focuses on the juvenile science fiction in which children or teenagers fight against system dystopia functioning as a setting of the story. System dystopia consists of 'fake utopia' and 'concentration camps' holding those excluded from this 'fake utopia'. Young people whose right to life are violated under the system dystopia escape from concentration camps and fight against political power. We don't have many novels that have focused on environmental dystopia, but a nomadic subject is found in works set on Earth after environmental pollution or nuclear explosion. In short, juvenile dystopia science fiction deepens the contradictions of the hierarchical society based on scientific technologism, criticizing the repressive, material-oriented and differential educational realities of our society. They hope that children or teenagers will act as a resistance that sees through the deception and hypocrisy of the social system. These works are significant in that they expose the biopolitics strategy of political power in collusion with industrial capitalism and induce us to reflect on it. However, it seems to be the limit of humanism to equate human life with nature and to warn of dangers of technology, machinery, and material civilization as the counterpart. This paper has the significance of taking a general survey of juvenile dystopia science fiction since the 2000s, and revealing the writers' perception of scientific technologism and its limitations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

In this paper, we present the analytical study results pertaining to the buckling of the orthotropic plates and local buckling of structural compression members composed of orthotropic plate components. Fiber reinforced polymeric plastic (FRP) materials, have many advantages over conventional structural materials such as steel and concrete. The advantages of the FRP materials are high specific strength and stiffness, high corrosion resistance, right weight, etc. Among the various manufacturing methods, pultrusion process is one of the best choices for the mass production of structural plastic members. Since the major reinforcing fibers are placed along the axial direction of the member, this material is usually considered as an orthotropic (tranversely isotropic, more specifically) material. However, pultruded fiber reinforced plastic structural members have low modulus of elasticity and are composed of orthotropic thin plate components the members are prone to buckle. Therefore, stability is an important issue in the design of the pultruded FRP structural members. In this paper, the buckling of orthotropic plates and the local buckling of pultruded FRP structural members are investigated by following the previous research results and the local buckling strength of the member produced in the domestic manufacturer is found.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.261-273
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• 2019

Recently, with the development of IT technology, there is an increasing interest in cloud services as the number of users using mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets is increasing. However, there is a need for techniques to control or control various methods of accessing data as the user's service demands increase. In this paper, we propose a dual key based user authentication model that improves the user 's authentication efficiency by using two keys (secret key and access control key) to access the users accessing various services provided in the cloud environment. In the proposed model, the operation process and the function are divided through the sequence diagram of the algorithms (key generation, user authentication, permission class permission, etc.) for controlling the access right of the user with dual keys. In the proposed model, two keys are used for user authentication and service authorization class to solve various security problems in the cloud service. In particular, the proposed model is one of the most important features in that the algorithm responsible for access control of the user determines the service class of the user according to the authority, thereby shortening the management process so that the cloud administrator can manage the service access permission information of the user.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.510-515
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• 2018

Hwangmichal, a yellow waxy corn hybrid, is a single cross hybrid developed in 2014. This hybrid was created by crossing the seed parent KY30 and pollen parent KY9. Hwangmichal has yellow kernels with a conico-cylindrical ear shape. The days to silking of Hwangmichal were similar to that of Ilmichal, a check hybrid. The ear height ratio of Hwangmichal was 50%, which was lower than that of Ilmichal, and its number of tillers was less than that of Ilmichal. The ear size of Hwangmichal was smaller than that of Ilmichal and the kernel set ratio was 89%. Its sensory evaluation was better than that of Ilmichal. The carotenoid content of Hwangmichal was $32.2{\mu}g/g$, which was much higher than that of Ilmichal. Lodging resistance of Hwangmichal was better than that of Ilmichal. Although the number of fresh ears of Hwangmichal was more than that of Ilmichal, the weight of fresh ears was lower than that of Ilmichal. The flowering period of its parent lines was well matched and seed production was 3:1 at a planting density of parent lines of more than 2:1. It is adaptable to the whole country except for Jeju-do. The plant variety protection right of Hwangmichal was registered in June 2017, and its grant number is 6728.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.349-367
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to establish three themes of regional instruction based on new regional geography and to examine explanation of space, understanding of place and judgement of environmental values for the Jinju regional instruction. Under the premise that region is the representation of space, place, and environmental perception, we reviewed location and space, event and place, development and environmental values in Jinju area. The results of the study are as follows: Owing to locational conditions, commercial agriculture, industrial and agroindustrial park, bio industry have been developed in Jinju. There are however some tasks that have to be solved such as rural investment, industrial park relocation and economic reconstruction. The Jinju castle combat, Farmers' resistance in 1862, Human right campaign for butchers in 1923, and educational conflict all occurred in the Jinju community. These events resulted in the integration and separation of the stratified citizens. They were represented as a variety of semiotics and landscape in the place. Citizens who live in Jinju are confronted with judging the environmental values. They ask whether inviting companies to town will ensure environmentally sound and sustainable development. The regional characteristics of knowledge, culture and environment in Jinju have been reproduced through the economic activity, place understanding, place marketing, and citizens' campaign.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 1981

Most of the currently available rice threshers in Korea are of head-feeding type originally developed for threshing paddy at grain moisture content of 15 to 17% on wet basis. And prevailing rice harvesting system is swathing or cutting and bundling upright rice crop at a maturity stage of grain moisture content of ca. 28 to 20%, followed by transient natural drying in the field and threshing at grain moisture content of about 17%. The system often allows rather high field loss of rice both quantitatively and qualitatively. These necessitate use of a preharvest desiccant, and diquat has been registered recently as a rice desiccant. Aim of the present study is to determine the best time and rate of diquat application and to evaluate its utility as a rice desiccant under its optimal usage conditions in Korea. Diquat was not so effective for japonica rice varieties while it was very effective for the new varieties bred from indica x japonica crosses. The best time of application was the period from 2 days before to 3 days after physiological maturity of grain (moisture content of 28% w.b.) and the optimal rate was about 330g of diquat ion/ha. Applying diquat at the right time and rate dropped grain moisture to 15 to 16% (w.b.) within a week after treatment in contrast to that of 20 to 24% in untreated rice. Desiccation of rice crop with diquat resulted in 10 to 15% increase in grain resistance to shattering and significant reduction in percent green rice. However, there was no reduction in milled rice yield and percent whole kernel and was no change in the percent chalky rice and percent tinted rice. Diquat use appears highly desirable, if there is no residue problem which has not been studied in the present study.