• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제8권2호통권9호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2002

Yukmijihwang-tang(YM) is a noted herbal prescription in Chinese and Korean traditional medicines, and it has been known to reinforce the vital essence and has been widely used for a variety of disease such as stroke, osteoporosis, anti-tumor, and hypothyrodism. Regarding its traditional use, YM has been known to reinforce the Yin (vital essence) of liver and kidney. Also it has been known to reinforce nutrition and biological function in brain. Recently, studies suggested that YM increase antioxidant activities and exert the protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. We investigated the high-throughput gene expression analysis on the Yukmijihwang-tang administrated in SD rats. Microarray data were validated on a limited number of genes by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The recent availability of microarrays provides an attractive strategy for elaborating an unbiased molecular profile of large number of genes in drug discovery This experimental approach offers the potential to identify molecules or cellular pathways not previously associated with herbal medicine. Total RNA from normal control brain and Yukmijihwang-tang administrated brain were hybridized to microarrays containing 10,000 rat genes. The 52 genes were found to be up-regulated(twice or more) excluding EST gene. The nine genes were found to be down-regulated(twice or more) excluding EST gene. Gene array technology was used to identify for the first time many genes expression pathway analysis that arecell cycle pathway, apoptosis pathway, electron transport chain pathway, cytoplasmic ribosomal protein pathway, fatty acid degradation pathway, and TGF-beta signaling pathway. These differentially expressed genes pathway analysis have not previously been iavestigated in the context of herbal medicine efficacy and represent novel factors for further study of the mechanism of herbal medicine efficacy.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-37
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• 2000

This is a study on the methods of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON (傷寒論), and after this, numbers of results have been obtained. SANGHANRON was written by Chang-Ki (張機) in the 2nd century, so it reflexes the usage of prescriptions of previous age indirectly. And gave affects on the methods of decocting prescriptions to the oriental medicine doctors of next generation.Berore Han-DYnasty(漢代), there were not so many publications connected with Oriental Medicine. Besides, some books couldn't hand down to next generation due to the gap of time and space. As time goes by, letters in medical books changed little by little, so contents connected with decocting methods changed too. The effects of decoction and herb tea can be changed by the flexibility of methods of decocting medicines, so we have to decide what kinds of decocting methods should be taken and adapted to patients by the most effective way.In SANGHANRON, there are many kiny kinds of boiling methods, so DHAMG-Ki selected the most appropriate method considering deree and position of disease and condition of patient. But nowadays, due to inconvenient procedure of boiling and taking medicines, some methos are not in common in clinical medicin. So this study was started to look back upon the changes of decocting prescriptions and gave deffort to find out the propriety of variation of boiling prescriptions.The common method of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON is boiling down all the herbs at the same time. Except the commom method, there are some kinds of other methods - boiling down twice the prescription, boiling down some special herbs earlier of later than other herbs, complicated or special boiling methods of extract, etc. These kinds of decoting methods simplified as time pass by, but this expected therapeutic value. So we have to distinguish the methods -though complicated and troublesome- in clinical medicine to make perfection more perfect in treating patients, and further studies have to be followed to prove the propriety of these complicated methods.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2020

Objectives We surveyed clinical status of Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) for preparation of adaptation of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology. Methods We emailed Google survey form to Doctors of Korean Medicine registered the Association of Korean Medicine on 10/13/2020 and 10/21/2020 and closed survey 10/23/2020. We got a data of 654 cases, removed a case of error, analyzed data of 620 responses by frequency analysis Results and Conclusions Out of 620 respondents, 499 have answered that they refer to or make use of SCM. SCM is mainly applied in the field of treatments using Herbal Medicine. Doctors of Korean Medicine participated in survey of SCM, they think Diseases of digestive system are the most effectively treated by the methods of SCM. Sasang Constitutional Symptomatology most frequently observed are Soeumin Congestive Hyperpsychotic symptomatology, Soyangin Chest-Heat congested Symptomatology, Taeeumin Liver Heat-based Interior Heat disease. The diseases that are mainly applied by SCM are 'Diseases of digestive system' for Soeumin, 'Diseases of digestive system' for Soyangin, 'Diseases of respiratory system' for Taeeumin and 'not applicable' for Taeyangin. The important diagnostic methods of SCM are Inspection-listening and smelling examination-Inquiry-Palpation and survey. In the majority of cases, Prescription of Herbal medicine is used by adding or subtracting some herbal medicine from the original prescription suggested in the oriental medical classics and Saam acupuncture method is the most frequently used for the acupuncture therapy. Diet therapy is the most frequently used for the method of prevention and care.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1659-1665
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• 2005

Gamipaidok-san(GPDS) is the Hyungbangpaidok-san prescription fortified with the additional ingredients known to be effective for dermatitis. So it has been used for atopic dermatitis in the clinic work actually. In this study, we investigated the effects of GPDS on in vitro and in vivo anti-allergic effect on RBL-2H3 rat basophilic leukemia Cells and on IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of GPDS in RAW 264.7 cells was investigated. GPDS potently inhibited $\beta$-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 and the IgE-mediated PCA reaction in mice. GPDS inhibited LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner Furthermore, It also inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells, and the activation of the transcription factor, NF-kB, in nuclear fraction. The antiallergic action of GPDS may originate from anti-inflammatory activities, and can improve the inflammation caused by allergies.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1552-1557
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• 2004

According to Li Sizhen, Drinking a little makes heart health, spirit active and let be relieved of fatique. Also it hastens gastroenteric digestion. In result, the appetite is stimulated. So Good-wine is useful for well-being necessary to treat a disease much more. However if drink to excess, it will cause mental disorder, exhansted blood, Impairment of stomach. As a consequence of that. Essence of life is exhausted too. So phlegm forms, Fire is more active easily. [In compendium of Materica Medica], 120 classes of counteracting Alcohol Drugs find room in it. Like this, an abundance of data and investigation about Counteracting Alcohol Drugs provides to us a large of Medical materials, and is a guide in Developing and Using the herbal resources. [Lei Gong's Nature of drugs in Songs] says 'Wine have a effect that get out Extravasated Qi and get rid of Pathogen, Abdominal mass with distension and pain.< As it says, ancient doctors displayed remedical Value that promote Qi and Blood circulation as a power of wine. But others says, 'To drink a wine as a drinking water makes us so intemperate, lets us be so being unreasonable easily as to drink hard and hurt our body. (1)Drink with nutritive appetizer. (2) Drink with sitting down. (3)Drink slowly. (4)Do not drink a differ on wine that is not true who makes. (5)Go easy on the alcohol. If drink with this position. Never drink hard for hurting body. Therefore, Cao Tingdong lived in the qing dynasty says "A preventing as a medicine is not so good as a preventing as a temperate living and meal."

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.207-218
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• 2019

It is necessary to investigate the efficacy of commercial Korean herbal medicine for cognitive disorder. The purpose of this study is to select candidates among licensed herbal medicines that are expected to be effective in the treatment of cognitive disorders and can be used in future clinical trial. From laboratory experiments, we first found individual single herbal drugs that could be effective for cognitive disorder, and then through experts recommendation, selected five priorities of single herbal drug and obtained the information of the best herb as a combination of each herbal drug. To derive the final herbal prescriptions, we searched the KFDA drug information system for licensed herbal medicines containing each drug and its combination. As a result of laboratory experiments and experts recommendation, we found that the five effective single herbal drugs for cognitive disorders. They are Ginseng Radix, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Cyperi Rhizoma, Coptidis Rhizoma, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Hoelen cum Pini Radix, and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata(Pinelliae Rhizoma, Hoelen cum Pini Radix, and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata were tied for $5^{th}$). And licensed herbal prescriptions derived from the planned search are Palbohoichoon-tang, Taehwa-hwan, Bosim-hwan, and so on. Among these, in consideration of the feasibility of research and possibility of success in development, Yukgunja-tang, Samhwangjichul-hwan can be selected as future study subjects. Through experimental studies and expert recommendations, we have derived herbal prescriptions that can be effective in treating cognitive disorders from licensed herbal medicines.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.23-37
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• 2003

The purpose of this research was to investigate the correlation Among Sasang Constitutional Disease and Examination of the pulse. I have gone over literatures of mainly ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ and the others Oriental Medical book was studied about the Pulse Diagnosis. And then I came to get some conclusion as follows. 1. Soeumin(소음인) the initial-stage symptoms of wulkwang disease(울광증) ; when the Superficial Pulse and the Superficial+ Moderate Pulse is made a diagnosis, Ceongunggyegitang(천궁계지탕) and Gunggyuhyangsosan(궁귀향소산) can be used. 2. Soeumin(소음인) the initial-stage blood disease symptoms of wulkwang disease(울광증) ; when the Minute+deep Pulse is made a diagnosis, Palmulgnnjatang(팔물군자탕) and Guakhyanggeonggisan(곽향정기산) can be used. 3. Soeumin(소음인) the initial-stage symptoms of mangyang disease(망양증) ; when the Yang region Superficial Pulse and the Yin region Weak Pulse is made a diagnosis, Hwanggigyegitang(황기계지탕), Bojungikgitang(보증익기탕) and Sengyangikgitang(승양익기탕) can be used. 4. Soeumin(소음인) the symptoms of taeum disease(태음증) ; when the Minute Pulse and Deep+Thin Pulse is made a diagnosis, Sasang Prescription can be used. 5. Soeumin(소음인) the symptoms of soeum disease(소음증) ; when the Minute+Thin Pulse, Deep Pulse and Thin+Deep+Rapid Pulse is made a diagnosis, Sasang Prescription can be used. 6. Soyangin(소양인) Wind of soyang disease(소양상풍증) ; when the Superficial+Tight Pulse is made a diagnosis, Hungbangpaedogsan(형방패독산) can be used. And when the Deep+Full with strong power Pulse is made a diagnosis, Hyungbangdojeoksan(형방도적산) can be used. 7. Soyangin(소양인) the symptoms of mangyeum disease(망음증) ; when the Superficial+Large+Rapid Pulse and Flood+Large Pulse is made a diagnosis, Hungbangsabaeksan(형방사백산) can be used. And when the Wiry+Thin Pulse is made a diagnosis, Hungbanggiwhangtang(형방지황탕) can be used. 8. Soyangin(소양인) the chest-phrenic fever syndrome(흉격열증) ; when the Superficial Pulse, Flood+Full+Rapid Pulse and Flood+Large Pulse is made a diagnosis, Sasang Prescription can be used. 9. Soyangin(소양인) the after fever syndrome(음허오열증) ; when the Empty+Soft+Rapid Pulse is made a diagnosis, Sasang Prescription can be used. 10. Taeumin(태음인) the upper neck exterior disease caused by Cold(배추표병) ; when the Superficial and Superficial+Tight Pulse is made a diagnosis, Mawhangbalpoytang(마황발표탕) can be used, And when the Superficial and Superficial+Tight with strong power on left hand Pulse is made a diagnosis, Ungdamsan(웅담산) and Handayulsotang(한다열소탕) can be used. 11. Taeumin(태음인) the Coldness syndrome in esophagus(위완한증) ; when the Superficial+Tight Pulse with weak power on left hand Pulse is made a diagnosis, Taeumjowetang(태음조위탕) can be used. 12. Taeumin(태음인) the Dryness-Heat syndrome(조열증) ; when the Flood+Large Pulse, Long Pulse and Long+Large Pulse is made a diagnosis, Galgeunhaegitang(갈근해기탕) can be used. And when the Tight+Full+Rapid Pulse with deep region is made a diagnosis, Yuldahansotang(열다한소탕) can be used. And when the Superficial+Slippery Pulse is made a diagnosis, Chungsimyunjatang(청심연자탕) can be used. 13. Taeumin(태음인) the symptoms of Yin-blood Exhaustion(음혈모갈증) ; when the Superficial with weak power Pulse is made a diagnosis, Nokyongdaebotang(녹용대보탕) can be used. And when the Deep with weak power Pulse is made a diagnosis, Gongjinheukwondan(공진흑원단) can be used. 14. Taeyangin(태양인) a slight Lumbar vertebrae disease(외감경증) ; when the Superficial+Hollow Pulse is made a diagnosis, Gunshitang(건시탕) can be used. 15. Taeyangin(태양인) the Generalized and Fatigue syndrome(해역증) ; when the Moderate+Choppy Pulse with left hand chi region(척맥) is made a diagnosis, Ogapijangchuktang(오가피장척탕) can be used. 16. Taeyangin(태양인) a slight Small Intestine disease(내촉경증)

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was to evaluate the pharmacological effect of Korea Red Ginseng aqueous extract (KRGE) on serum-deprived apoptosis of neuronal-like pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and to investigate its underlying action mechanism. Methods : KRGE was prepared by extracting Korea Red Ginseng with hot water and concentrating using a vacuum evaporator. Cell viability was determined after incubation of cells with KRGE or chemical inhibitor in serum-deprived medium for 60 h by counting intact nuclei following lysing of the cell membrane. Caspase activities were measured using chromogenic substrates and signal-associated protein phosphorylation and cytochrome c release were determined by Western blot analyses using their specific antibodies. Results : Serum deprivation induced PC12 cell death, which was accompanied by typical morphological features of apoptotic cell, such as nuclear fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, and cytochrome c release. This apoptotic cell death was significantly inhibited by KRGE and caspase-3 inhibitor, but not by the addition of NMA, ODQ, and PD98059. KRGE promoted phosphorylation of Akt and Bad, and this phosphorylation was inhibited by the PI3K inhibitor LY92004. In addition, this inhibitor also reversed KRGE-mediated protection of PC 12 cells from serum deprivation. These results suggested that KRGE protects PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis through the activation of PI3K/Akt-dependent Bad phosphorylation and cytochrome c release, resulting in caspase-3 activation. Conclusions : KRGE should be considered as a potential therapeutic drug for brain diseases including stroke induced by apoptosis of neuronal cells.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2004

Six volunteers (mean $age=25.7{\pm}1.7$, $height=173{\pm}1.9$ and $weight=63.4{\pm}2.3{\;}kg$) participated in a graded exercise test and one hour of basic form of ChunDoSunBup (CDSB) Qi-training to investigate the cardiorespiratory responses and exercise intensity of Qi-training, a Korean traditional psychosomatic training. In the maximal exercise, the trainee showed $96.2{\pm}8.89{\;}l/min$ in ventilation (VE), $46.0{\pm}4.4$ in breath frequency (BF), $1.31{\pm}0.05$ in respiratory exchange ratio (RER), $180.7{\pm}3.0$ in heart rate (HR), and $2.6{\pm}1.1{\;}l/min$ or $40.7{\pm}2.3{\;}ml/kg/ml$ in oxygen consumption $(VO_2)$. Qi-training induced significant changes in BF, RER, HR, and $VO_2$. The exercise intensity of Qi-training were 42.3%, 46.9% and 38.7% of $HR_{max}$ during the sound exercise, slow motion (haeng-gong) and meditation respectively and the average was 46.2% of $HR_{max}$. We conclude that Qi-training is an aerobic exercise of a light (mild) intensity exercise, and it leads to decrease the metabolic rate in the trainee by breathing efficiently and relaxing them. In addition, Qi-training may affect cardiorespiratory function of BF, RER, HR and $VO_{2max}$ in trainees.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2008

Objectives : The authors performed this study to further understand Saam acupuncture treatment in an aspect of the use of two patterns i.e. fixed- and transformed-pattern. Methods : The authors did documentary survey based on Do Hae Kyo Kam Sa Am Do In Chim Beop. 1. We investigated the frequency of the use of fixed- and transformed-pattern as well as the examples of use. 2. We surveyed related literatures and classified transformed-pattern. We did study on the principles of prescriptions of fixed- and transformed-pattern and researched the utilization. Results and Conclusions : 1. Fixed-pattern occupys 35.3% and transformed-pattern takes much more part. 2. Fixed-pattern is based on Nangyoung 69nan, and has the prescription of two enhancement and two inhibition by adaptation of Sangsaengsanggeuk(相生相剋) into self meridian and other meridian, and suggests the importance of the order of needling. 3. There are main points and assistant points in tonifying and suppressing of Fixed-pattern, accordingly, it has a system like Gunshinjwasa(君臣佐使). 4. Transformed-pattern is classified into following 3 types: first, the use of Nangyoung 75nan; second, the substitution of Junghuyl(井穴) with Hyunghyul(滎穴) or Haphyul(合穴) according to Nangyoung 73nan; third, the substitution of the same Osuhyul(五輸穴) in other meridians.