• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.589-598
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze 40 certified Education facilities and to find the way to acquire high scores and usefully method. As a result of analyzing the scores of 40 cases, We found the reasons why they had acquired low scores and high scores. Because the part of land use and transport is initial of the projects, this study focus on it and aim to pick out the items requiring improvement for the Education facilities. We expect to be helpful for the next design works through results of this study.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 2013

The Non-Point Sources shows different characteristics over a wide area depending on basin situation and rainfall events etc. In addition, Among various land uses in the urban areas, runoff appears high in the paved area, though small in its size, during a heavy rain than in other land use owing to its high impervious rate, and pollutants become severly accumulated owing to continual transportation of vehicles, characteristically showing high concentrations of runoff in the early stage. As a result, several advanced countries including USA give a special emphasis on the paved area as a target for supervision. In view of these aspects, the research is not only required to consider separated sub-basins which are distributed according to land uses, but also needed to develop a suitable monitoring which is reflected rainfall-runoff relation. The on-site monitoring has been performed to collect data in object watershed as well.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.56-70
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• 2003

Reviewing the trend of land use in urban cultivated land, the large part of land has been changed into the high-profit cultivated land of green houses or the developing areas. So, its percent of cultivated land in land use comparing to the other types of cultivated land would get far higher. Therefore, this study aims to identify the characteristics of landscape ecological pattern in the cultivated land of green houses and to find its alternatives for management, which would be a basis of regional planning and management in terms of space and time. The cultivated land of green houses, whose its area reaches 19.3ha, in Seoul are mainly dispersed on the south eastern part of Seoul and its area is larger than the other types of cultivated lands. According to the result of shape index analysis, its perimeters were very simple. Also, Analyzing the first three major neighboring land use to the cultivated land of green houses, the most frequent biotope types of neighboring land use to the cultivated land of green houses were that transportation facility represented 60%, forest, 43%, the other types of cultivated land, 36%, and residential area, 33%. The cause why the percent of transportation facility was higher in the neigh-boring land use types was assumed for the production and distribution of crops. On the basis of the result of landscape ecological pattern analysis, the cultivated land would be managed and contributed to enhance biodiversity and urban environment preservation.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.101-117
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• 2003

High resolution satellite image analysis has been recognized as an effective technique for monitoring local land-cover and atmospheric changes. In this study, a new high resolution map for land-cover was generated using both high-resolution IKONOS image and conventional land-use mapping. Fuzzy classification method was applied to classify land-cover, with minimum operator used as a tool for joint membership functions. In separateness analysis, the values were not great for all bands due to discrepancies in spectral reflectance by seasonal variation. The land-cover map generated in this study revealed that conifer forests and farm land in the ground and tidal flat and beach in the ocean were highly changeable. The kappa coefficient was 0.94% and the overall accuracy of classification was 95.0%, thus suggesting a overall high classification accuracy. Accuracy of classification in each class was generally over 90%, whereas low classification accuracy was obtained for classes of mixed forest, river and reservoir. This may be a result of the changes in classification, e.g. reclassification of paddy field as water area after water storage or mixed use of several classification class due to similar spectral patterns. Seasonal factors should be considered to achieve higher accuracy in classification class. In conclusion, firstly, IKONOS image are used to generated a new improved high resolution land-cover map. Secondly, IKONOS image could serve as useful complementary data for decision making when combined with GIS spatial data to produce land-use map.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2009

The present study analyses the effect of land use on the vegetation of some desert ecosystems in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Three sites were selected to represent different types of land use, inside Umm Al-Banadeq forest, outside the forest and along Abu Dhabi-Al Ain Trucks Road. In total, fifty-two stands were examined; including a matrix of 14 species ${\times}$ 52 stands. Based on species cover data, stands were classified using TWINSPAN and ordinated using DCA. Four vegetation groups were generated at level three of classification. Zygophyllum mandavillei was dominant in most vegetation groups; Heliotropium bacciferum dominated vegetation groups inhabited the forest. Species richness, species turnover, relative evenness and relative concentration of dominance of forest vegetation groups were 2.8, 5.7, 0.7, and 2.0, respectively. The differences were attributed to both natural variability and forestry-induced changes, including change in land use, drainage and ploughing and shading by trees. Vegetation group inhabited Abu Dhabi-Al Ain Trucks Road, that were dominated by Haloxylon salicornicum and Zygophyllum mandavillei have high total cover (8.8 m per $m^{-1}$). Most community and vegetation attributes were significantly higher inside the forest than outside. Human interventions and environmental factors affected species diversity and abundance of these communities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 2007

In this study, relationship between the air pollution of Siheung city and the relative contribution of automobiles to the city's pollution was evaluated for the first time. Then, new air pollution exposure index was developed through simulation. Using the newly developed index, two different urban development scenarios were compared to present a sustainable urban development plan to reduce air pollution from the land utilization point of view. According to the result of this simulation, air quality of the city was found to be affected significantly by human activities. More populated area showed worse level of air quality. Any development in the city resulted in more automobile activity and deterioration of air quality. This simulation result thus explains that a rapid increase of automobiles accompanied by the land development near local roadsides in the city is the major cause of air pollution in Siheung city. In this study, if urban activities are vigorous in an area with high air pollution, people are more likely to be exposed to air pollutant under the bad environmental conditions. On the other hand, if urban activities are less vigorous in an area with high pollution or if urban activities are vigorous in an area with less pollution, the environmental condition was positive. The APEI (Air Pollution Exposure Index) was developed based on these considerations. Scenarios 1 and 2 were compared and analyzed using APEI. In result, scenario 1 is the case in which land is developed and used in an environmentally favorable manner. From this study, it was proved that the impact of air pollution on human health can be minimized with proper land use. The result form the current study can be used as the basic information to solve problems from improper land utilization and air pollution (by road traffic). It also can be utilized to evaluate air pollution level according to land use and road characteristics and to help to choose the best location of land use to comply with the road function and status.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2019

Against the background of the rapid development of the Shanghai Metro network, this paper attempts to establish an analytical approach to evaluate the impact of multiple transport network accessibilities on commercial space use in metro station areas. Ten well-developed metro station areas in central Shanghai are selected as samples. Commercial space floor area and visitors in these areas are collected. Using ArcGIS and Spatial Design Network Analysis, the Shanghai Metro network and road network are modeled to compute diversified transport accessibilities. Evidence from land use and commercial space floor area within a 0-to-500-meter buffer zone of stations is consistent with location and land-use theory: commercial land use is concentrated closer to stations. Correlation analysis suggests that hourly visitors to the shopping mall are mainly influenced by metro network accessibility, while retail stores and restaurants are affected by both metro and pedestrian accessibility.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.113-119
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• 2007

This article deals mainly with two objectives viz, 1) the potentiality of very high-resolution(VHR) multi-spectral and pan chromatic QuickBird satellite data in resources mapping over moderate resolution satellite data (IRS LISS III) and 2) the advantages of using object oriented classification method of eCognition software in land use and land cover analysis over the ISODATA classification method. These VHR data offers widely acceptable metric characteristics for cartographic updating and increase our ability to map land use in geometric detail and improve accuracy of local scale investigations. This study has been carried out in the Sukkalampatti mini-watershed, which is situated in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India. The eCognition object oriented classification method succeeded in most cases to achieve a high percentage of right land cover class assignment and it showed better results than the ISODATA pixel based one, as far as the discrimination of land cover classes and boundary depiction is concerned.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2011

This study examined the changes in land use and the distribution characteristics of locational facilities in the downtown space of a small town and the following results were obtained. The population of the subject small town was 9,476 as of 2010 which accounts for 15.8%. of Yeongam-gun. Regarding to a period, the population has been continuously decreased by 20.4% on average. Regarding to age group, while young people of 30 and under have been decreased, old people of 60 and over have been increased, suggesting a rapid increase in old population. Regarding to the area by land classification in the subject small town, while land has been increased by 6.9% on average, forests and fields have been decreased. Regarding urban planning area, residential and commercial areas have been increased by 3.1% and 5.8% on average respectively. It suggests that a rural area(arable land) tends to be gradually decreased, whereas a urban area tends to be steadily increased. Regarding the number of layers of buildings in the subject downtown streets, while one and two stories accounted for most parts in 1977, one story has been decreased but two and three stories have been increased since 1987. Regarding the use of buildings, living convenient facilities such as sale/retail trade and service/restaurant showed high location. In particular, one story which influences street vitality showed high location in sale/retail trade and service/restaurant, but many empty stores were also shown.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.58-70
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to predict future land use using Landsat images through assessing the effect of spatial scale and resolution in applying CA (Cellular Automata)-Markov technique. The scale for areas ranging from $31.26km^2$ to $84.48km^2$ showed about 11% difference of overall accuracies. Among the five spatial resolutions (10m, 30m, 50m, 100m, 150m), 30m resolution showed the best result in the prediction of area and spatial distribution of urban areas. Based on the results, the 2004 land use by CA-Markov was predicted using 1996 and 2001 land use data and compared with the 2004 land use by maximum likelihood classification. After that, future land uses of 2030, 2060 and 2090 were predicted and the results showed a tendency of gradual increase in urban area and high decrease in forest area.