• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2016

목 적 : 종양의 위치에 따라 단일에너지를 이용한 치료계획과 이중에너지를 사용하는 치료계획을 정위적방사선 치료에 적용하여 실제 종양에 부여되는 선량의 변화와 종양과 인접한 부분에 위치하는 정상조직의 선량을 비교하여 임상적 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 총 10명의 환자 CT 영상을 획득한 후 각각 단일에너지, 이중 에너지에 대한 체적변조회전치료 기법에 대한 치료 계획을 수립하였다. 종양 측 변화 요인을 분석하기 위하여 조형계수(CI)와 균질성 지수(HI), 최대 선량을 각각 계산했으며, 정상 조직에 대한 선량 분포를 비교하기 위하여 $V_{10}$과 $V_5$, 종양에 가장 근접한 첫 번째 ~ 네 번째 갈비뼈($1^{st}{\sim}4^{th}$ Rib), 척수(Spinal Cord), 식도(Esophagus)와 기관(Trachea)를 선정하였다. 또한 계획한 선량 분포가 실제 전달되는 정확성을 확인하기 위하여 2차원 이온전리함 배열을 이용하여 선량 측정을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 종양 측 인자의 경우 조형계수와 균질성 지수는 두 에너지를 사용했을 경우가 1에 가까운 값을 나타냈다. 최대 선량의 경우 앞쪽 흉벽은 약 2%, 등쪽 종양의 경우는 동등한 값을 나타냈다. 정상 조직의 경우 앞쪽 흉벽 종양은 인접한 갈비뼈에서 두 에너지를 동시에 사용한 경우 각각 4%, 5% 감소하였고, 기관지의 경우 11%, 17% 감소하였다. 폐의 선량 분포의 경우 $V_{10}$의 경우 1.5%, $V_5$의 경우 1%로 감소함을 나타냈다. 뒤쪽 흉벽의 경우 종양에 인접한 갈비뼈는 두 에너지를 이용한 경우에서 각각 6%, 1%, 4%, 12% 감소하였고, 폐의 선량 분포에서는 $V_{10}$ 3%, $V_5$ 3.1% 감소됨을 나타내었다. 선량 측정의 경우 모든 에너지에서 감마지표 3mm/3%의 결과에 부합하였다. 결 론 : 단일 에너지를 이용한 치료 계획 보다 두 에너지를 동시에 사용하는 경우가 표재성 종양에 대해 보다 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.38-51
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• 2015

고지도를 보면 한양에 동지, 서지, 남지 등 큰 연못이 표기되었는데, 이는 궁궐이나 공해시설, 일반 민간 저택 내 원지들과는 달리 국가 소유의 필지였으나 공공에게 개방된 연못이었다. 동지, 서지, 남지는 한양도성과 연결된 연지로, 본 연구는 여러 지도 및 도면 자료와 회화 자료, 고문헌, 문학작품을 수집해 종합 분석하여 물리적 차원에서의 연지의 조영 경위와 이후의 운영상황, 연지의 입지 및 공간 특성을 고찰하고자 했다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 서지와 남지는 비보, 명당수 확보, 화기 진압, 방화수, 수경시설로의 목적 하에 조영되었고 동지는 비보, 명당수 확보 외에도 수구막이로서의 기능이 중시되었다. 둘째, 주변 지형과 연지의 수원을 보았을 때 서지는 계류와, 동지, 남지는 구거와 연결되어 연못의 수량 확보에 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 서지와 남지는 도시지역에, 동지는 전원지역에 위치하였는데 이 같은 입지적 특성은 연지를 이용하는 방식에 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 연지의 형태는 모서리가 둥근 방형이나 자유로운 형상으로 궁궐이나 공해시설의 원지와 구분된다. 다섯째, 연지는 지속적인 유지 관리를 통해서만 유지될 수 있었고, 조선시대 매몰과 수축의 과정이 반복되었다. 길게는 오백 년 이상 동안 유지되었던 조선시대 한양도성의 연지들은 개국 초기에는 비보풍수적 의미가 강조되면서 조성되었지만, 점차 도시에서 넓은 수공간이라는 공공 오픈스페이스로서의 가치를 인정받아 거주민과 행락객들이 애착을 갖는 문화공간으로 운영되었던 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.178-188
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• 2015

This study has the main objective of being of help as a reference data for the application of the finishing materials when designing the interior of the chapel of the church space through analysis of the finishing materials against the chapels of church space which has complex function. As precedent studies for this, the composition of the function and concept of the church space was surveyed and the complex function of the church space was surveyed. The theoretical surveyed was performed according to the casual composition, behavior of the community and role and location of the duties of the church members. The case objects were 10 chapels constructed by 5 professional interior design companies. The content of the analysis was the finishing materials in the chapels and their application characteristics. The detailed considerations to be referred to when designing the interior of the chapels of church space in the future were proposed. The analysis result of the application of the finishing materials according to the locational function of the chapels of church space can be explained as follows. First, the platform area was the characteristic of applying finishing materials which induce visual immersion. As for the floor materials in the platform, in order to minimize the floor sound and vibration phenomenon occurring during movements, noise insulation and dust protection rubber sheet was place and on top of it the floor or the carpet was placed. Second, the Choir area had the difficult problem of having to consider the appropriate sound absorption occurring due to the proliferation of sound and performance of classical instruments at the same time. However, in the case, this problem was solved through the sculptures of convex shape. Third, since the scheelite is a space where many people move around, the finishing material which absorbs sound was mainly used. Fourth, the entrance area was composed of thick wall materials compared to other walls, and the sound absorption character was most significantly considered when applying the finishing material. Fifth, the broadcasting room was composed either in independent type or an open type and performed its function and the main finishing materials was transparent glass which was highest use frequency.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 1975

This is a report on four cases of the lobar emphysema due to proximal bronchial obstruction in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, during the period of three and half years from 1972 to 1975. First case, a two years old male child was referred to our Department with the lobar emphysema of the lower lobe of the right lung with pneumonia. This emphysema was developed after aspiration of a piece of peanut. Bronchoscopy revealed that the bronchus of the right lower lobe was obstructed with the foreign body, however removal of the peanut through bronchoscope was not attempted because of corruption and softening of the peanut. The removal of the peanut by bronchotomy was performed after subsiding of acute phase of pulmonary infection. Postoperative course was uneventful and the emphysema was disappeared. Second case, a twenty months old female baby was referred to our Department with lobar emphysema of the lower lobe of the left lung. The emphysema was suddenly developed with coughing and dyspneic symptoms and the diagnosis was made roentgenologically. She gave a history of reccurrent infections of the respiratory tract after birth. Bronchoscopy showed an obstruction of the left main bronchus with the growing of fibrinous tissue on the bronchial mucosa. The protruded tissue in the left main bronchus taken out about O.8ml with biopsy forceps for histological examination. After this procedure, the emphysema of the left lung was disappeared. Histological finding was reported to be a chronic inflammatory granulation tissue. Third case, a two and half years old male child was referred to our Department with roentgenological lobar emphysema. Two weeks prior to admission he had an episode of sudden onset of coughing attack with dyspnea. Bronchoscopy revealed that the bronchus of the left lower lobe was obstructed with a mass which was strongly suspected of a neoplastic tissue. At operation, there was found a perforation of enlarged tuberculous lymph node in the bronchus of the left lower lobe and protrusion of granulation tissue into the bronchus. Ruptured orifice on themembranous wall of the left lower lobe bronchus was closed with interrupted suture after the" removal of a perforated tuberculous lymph node. Postoperative course was uneventful and antituberculous chemotherapy was given. Fourth case, a 47 years old man was admitted to our Department with the complaint of severe dyspnea of few months duration. Twenty years ago, he had a history of lung tuberculosis and was treated for many years. X-ray examination including tomography and bronchography revealed that the upper lobe of the right lung was destroyed with cavities, the lower lobe was completely shrunk, and the right middle lobe was strongly overdistended with narrowing bronchial trees. Differential bronchospirometry and lung scanning confirmed that the respiratory function of the affected lung was impaired almost totally. The value of the right lung was calculated on 6% of oxygen uptake, 1% of Minute volume, and 32% of vital capacity. The right pneumonectomy was performed under the careful consideration of anesthetic and surgical procedures. Postoperative course was uneventful and the respiratory function was improved nearly to the normal level.evel.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the degree of appropriateness of using design quality indicators for the educational building, and complements for design quality indicators. For doing this, each items of the Korean educational building design indicator was validated by teachers, school staff and an education officer. First, School Personnel and Teachers considered indicators for the classroom designed for general subjects as being valid. However, in terms of indicators for the outside space, they thought of them as not being valid. In particular, it seemed that school staff would have a passive attitude toward the open of the school facility for the local society. It is judged that there happens an adverse effect caused by the open of the school facility for the local society in the educational environment of the school. Second, Education Office Supervisors thought that eco-friendly indicators, LED lighting, an outer wall, and widows and doors had a high validity. On the contrary, he viewed the validity of a rainwater retention basin as being low, which was likely because he rarely had expertise on the construction. When it comes to the indicator of technology capability, ultrahigh-speed information network was seen as being valid, and the indicator of economic feasibility had high validity on maintenance and durability. Third, compared to groups of Teachers and School Personnel, the group of education officers presented high validity of indicators. Validity of indicators might be differently showed because different items on indicators were measured. However, it is speculated that Education Office Supervisors mostly acknowledged the validity of indicators. Fourth, a majority of Teachers, School staff, and Education Office Supervisors were favor of the system of the evaluation accreditation for school facilities since it played a guide role in improving the quality of school. In order to settle the system of the evaluation accreditation for school facilities, it is most important that institutions in the local society which are publicly reliable should participate in the phase of designing the system of the evaluation accreditation for school facilities. In sum, overall respondents agreed with the system of the evaluation accreditation for school facilities but were aware that reliable organizations in public would need to take part in planning the system of the evaluation accreditation for school facilities from the beginning.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.638-651
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• 2022

지난해는 한반도 평화권에 대한 새로운 인식으로 '2021 DMZ양구평화선언문'이 채택되었다. DMZ관련 법과 제도, 지속가능한 생태·환경, 안보·공동체 관점에서 새로운 인식과 접근 등에 관한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 강원도는 DMZ 접경지역을 평화지역으로 만들기에 상당한 노력을 기울이고 있다. '평화특별자치도' 설치를 위하여 지속적으로 공론화시키고 있다. 이 연구를 통하여 한반도 접경지역이 담의 기능에서 통로의 기능으로의 대전환이 필요함을 제시하였다. 경계의 벽을 허물어 소통의 흐름을 위한 새로운 지평으로 지속발전 가능한 지역으로 나갈 수 있는 토대가 되어야 한다. 한반도 접경지역 중에서 강원도 지역이 왜 평화지역으로 나가야 하는 지에 대하여 주장하였다. 결론은 한반도 통일 정책의 새로운 시각으로 '평화권'에 대한 이해와 아젠다의 정립에 있어서 중요하다. 또한 유네스코 생물권보전지역의 지정을 활용한 DMZ일원의 생태환경 보전의 가치가 미래 지구환경보전이라는 가치와 맞물려야 한다. 평화지역은 한반도를 넘어 범세계화를 위한 미래지향적 글로컬 지역주의 시대를 열어야 한다. 그 방법은 4차 산업혁명의 기술요소 반영이 필요함을 주장하였다. 그동안 접경지역은 아픔과 상처의 피해 지역이었다. 이제 강원도 평화지역은 치유를 통한 평화공존의 지역가치 실현의 공간으로 거듭나야 할 것이다. 이 연구는 강원도 접경지역이 새롭게 평화지역으로서의 가치를 조명하여 지속가능 발전을 위해 나아갈 방향의 제시이다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.156-170
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• 2007

부산은 지리적 특성으로 인하여 상공업이 발달하였고 정착기와 확산기를 맞이하였으며 무역도시로 발달하였다. 2000년 이후 인구감소, 제조업의 이전, 외래관광객의 감소 등으로 경제력이 약화되어 경쟁력을 잃고 있다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 항구적 해안의 지형적 지역의 전통산업적 국제교통적 특성의 강점을 이용하여 해상관광활성화의 혁신적 전략이 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 부산의 해상관광활성화의 전략을 규명하는 것으로 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 해안과 해상의 환경을 고려하여 해상관광의 거점을 선정하고 거점의 정체성을 규명하여 관광자원으로 개발되어야 한다. 둘째, 선정된 다수의 거점 중에서 핵심적인 관광거점은 외래관광객을 집중시키는 관광터미널의 기능이 필요하고 부산의 랜드마크가 되어야 한다. 셋째, 각각의 관광거점은 관광객이 다양한 해상관광활동을 체험할 수 있어야 하고 특화되어야 한다. 넷째, 해상관광거점은 해상관광루트로 연계되어야 한다. 다섯째, 해상관광의 비수기를 극복하기 위하여 관광거점을 중심으로 겨울관광상품인 실내 스케이트장과 스키장, 해수풀장과 인공해수욕장, 인공잔디썰매장, 인공해안절벽, 해수온천장 등의 관광자원개발이 요구된다.

• 한국생활환경학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.654-664
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• 2017

The use of environmentally friendly finishing materials allows us to create a space where we can feel nature and to have stability and peace in the city center. In this paper, we examined the sensitivity of people to the three café spaces where wooden finishing materials are used in the space elements that change according to people's demands for environmentally friendly space due to pollution of living environment. First, we examined the wood and finishing materials and emotional vocabulary through literature review and previous research. Second, the values of L ^*, a ^*, b^* and sR, sG and sB values were extracted by using a line spectrophotometer (Ci6X). Third, we conducted a 7 - point scale questionnaire based on the extracted 13 pairs of emotional vocabulary. Using SPSS 21, frequency analysis by descriptive statistics, crossover analysis by visiting purpose and intention, and emotional lexical factor analysis were performed. Through the study, the following points were found. First, CB (The Coffee Bean), SB (Starbucks) and HS (Hollys Coffee) showed differences in CB (65%), SB (40%) and HS (37%) in the spatial analysis. Second, CB gave color similar to the color of wall and furniture wood, but HS changed the color or brightness of wood finishing color of furniture. HS or SB showed favorable use of wood color scheme. Third, SB (26.3%) and HS (19.7%) were selected by taste. Fourth, there were differences in the items of CB, 'local-exotic' and SB 'dark-bright' in the factor value. The use of wood finishing materials differed in the atmosphere evaluation depending on the spatial factors and the color of the furniture. However, in this study, there are many factors that are insufficient in the accuracy of the ratio of the applied wood finishing material to the space element and the amount of the survey. If we further study the evaluation of emotional image according to the ratio of wood finishing materials, we think that it is necessary to study now that interest in environmentally friendly is increasing.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2021

건축 외립면의 색채 디자인은 건축 스타일을 나타내는 중요한 표현이다. 국내에는 '마을예술' 프로젝트가 추진되면서 많은 마을이 관광명소로 자리 잡았으며, 이 때문에 건축색채 디자인을 통하여 주민들의 생활 패턴과 관광객의 관광 수요를 가늠하는 것을 마을 건설의 중점이 된다. 본 논문은 먼저 문헌조사를 통하여 건축물의 사용기능과 외부색채의 향토적 역할을 분석하였으며, 부산 흰여울문화마을을 대상으로 주거건축, 상업건축, 레저구역건축과 공중화장실 등 4종류의 건축물에 대한 현지 고차를 실시하고, KSCA 측색분석시스템, 설문조사를 통하여 건축물 외벽면의 색채계획을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 첫째, 흰여울문화마을의 건축물 외벽면의 주조색이 차지하는 면적은 가장 크게 증가시키며, 전체적인 통일성을 증진시켜 고명도, 저채도 색채의 경향으로 만족시켜야 한다. 둘째, 레저구역은 고채도의 소형 건축물 색채는 시각적 가이드로서의 역할을 할 수 있다. 셋째, 상업 구역와 주거 구역은 색채의 차이가 비교적 크므로서 주조색이 고명도, 고채도, 다색상의 색채범위를 취한다. 넷째, 공중화장실은 주조색은 주거지역, 레저구역의 주조색 범위를 위주로 하여 시각적 안정감을 제공한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.615-624
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• 2003

The most accurate method to assess bone level is the histometric measurement. However it causes discomfort in patients and damage to the regenerated tissues. in the present study, we used 4 type regenerative therapies, The present study evaluated the clinical reliability and accuracy of bone probing measurements and radiographic bone level in the assessment of bone level by comparing those results with histometric confirmed bone level. Twentyfour(24) intrabony defects(4${\times}$4mm 1-wall intrabony defects) were surgically created in the mandibular second and fourth premolars of 6 beagle dogs. The control group underwent a conventional flap operation. Experimental group I was treated with calcium phosphate glass only, and while experimental group 2 was treated with GTR and experimental group 3 was treated with calcium phosphate glass and GTR. The subjects were sacrificed 8 weeks after the operation and a bone probing measurements, radiographic measurement and histometric measurement was performed. The correlation between bone probing measurements(BP) and histometric measurement(HL), and radiographic measurement(RL) and histometric measurement(HL) were analyzed with Spearman's rank correlation analysis and the statistical significance with respect to the type of regenerative therapies was analyzed with the Kruskal Wallis test. The coefficient of correlation to HL was 0.73 for RL and 0.90 for BP. The type of regenerative therapies had no significant effect on the difference between HL and other measurements. The results of this study suggests that bone probing measurements most closely represents actual bone level. So bone probing measurements may be a good clinical method for assessing the hone level following any type of periodontal regenerative therapies.