• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.21-35
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• 2022

The recommended meal composition allows the general people to organize meals using the number of intakes of foods from each of six food groups (grains, meat·fish·eggs·beans, vegetables, fruits, milk·dairy products and oils·sugars) to meet Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) without calculating complex nutritional values. Through an integrated analysis of data from the 6th to 7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2013-2018), representative foods for each food group were selected, and the amounts of representative foods per person were derived based on energy. Based on the EER by age and gender from the KDRIs, a total of 12 kinds of diets were suggested by differentiating meal compositions by age (aged 1-2, 3-5, 6-11, 12-18, 19-64, 65-74 and ≥ 75 years) and gender. The 2020 Food Balance Wheel included the 6th food group of oils and sugars to raise public awareness and avoid confusion in the practical utilization of the model by industries or individuals in reducing the consistent increasing intakes of oils and sugars. To promote the everyday use of the Food Balance Wheel and recommended meal compositions among the general public, the poster of the Food Balance Wheel was created in five languages (Korean, English, Japanese, Vietnamese and Chinese) along with card news. A survey was conducted to provide a basis for categorizing nutritional problems by life cycles and developing customized web-based messages to the public. Based on survey results two types of card news were produced for the general public and youth. Additionally, the educational program was developed through a series of processes, such as prioritization of educational topics, setting educational goals for each stage, creation of a detailed educational system chart and teaching-learning plans for the development of educational materials and media.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2017

Purpose: This research was conducted to determine the effects of fall prevention exercise and education on physical fitness, fall efficacy, and fall prevention behavior among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This study applied nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from January 8th to March 4th, 2015. There were 24 subjects in the experimental group and 21 in the control group from two different senior citizen center in B city. The fall prevention program consisted of exercise, education, and telephone coaching was developed using self-efficacy theory: 'Performance accomplishment', 'Vicarious experience', 'Verbal persuasion', 'Emotional arousal'. Then, it was conducted once a week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed with $x^2$ test and t-test using the SPSS program. Results: The findings indicated that fall prevention program conducted on older adults is good for improving their muscular strength in lower extremities (t=6.25, p<.001), physical balance (t=2.66, p=.014), physical flexibility (t=2.88, p<.001) and fall prevention behavior (t=6.19, p<.001). Conclusion: The fall prevention program can be used for community-dwelling older adults as a nursing intervention that enables older adults to enhance their self-care continuously. It is necessary to conduct a follow-up study to see if a self-help meeting could improve self-efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.29
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• pp.173-204
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to promote understanding of the book selection theory by researching dialectically of its development process centering on the BSTv(value theory) and BSTd(demand theory). The results of this study are summarized as follows 1. In the period of enlightenment and education, the book selection theory of public libraries was the thesis state of BSTv(d). 2. Antithesis state of BSTv(d), that is, BSTd was raised to real central theory of book selection in the early 20th century. 3. In the 1930-40's, BSTv and BSTd were transformed into balance state or coexistence relations(BSTb $[v(d){\cdot}d(v)$]. 4. After World War II, BSTn(library needs theory) and BSTo(library objective theory) were evoked, and opposed to the existing selection theories. Now, they are developing into BSTbl$[n(d)\cdot\;o(v)\;or\;n(d){\cdot}v(o)]$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the overall dietary habits and nutritional status of 294 elementary school students located in Gwangju using the NUTRILITE nutrition quotient (NQ). The NQ score of the subjects was 59.5 out of 100, which corresponds to the level requiring "monitoring". Compared to the 64.4 score of students in the 5^th and 6^th grades of six metropolitan cities, the scores of the present subjects were lower. The NQ components were 57.4 for balance factors, 52.4 for moderation factors, 55.0 for diversification factors, 57.6 for practice factors, and 80.1 for environmental factors. Regarding the characteristics according to the NQ level, the score (61.5 in 7 times/wk vs. 55.3 in 1-2 or none times/wk) tended to be higher in subjects who frequently eat with their families (p<0.001). In conclusion, nutrition education should be provided to students to increase the frequency of meals with their families, to develop a habit of exercising regularly, and reduce the consumption of ramen, cookies, and processed drinks that are frequently consumed. These results can be used as basic data to develop nutrition education programs to improve the dietary habits and nutritional status of students in Gwangju.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1687-1696
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• 2015

Supplementation with probiotics can protect against the development of food allergies by modulating the host immune response; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the allergy-reducing effects of regulatory dendritic cells (regDCs) induced by Lactobacillus paracasei L9 (L9) in β-lactoglobulin (BLG)-sensitized mice. The L9 supplement suppressed the aberrant balance of Th1/Th2 responses to BLG in mice, via upregulation of the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cell responses. The amount of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in mesenteric lymph nodes increased by 51.85%. Furthermore, administration of L9 significantly induced the expression of CD103 and reduced the maturation status of DCs in mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and spleen. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) were activated by L9 in vitro, with an approximate 1.31-fold and 19.57-fold increase in expression of CD103 in CD11c+DCs and the level of IL-10 production, respectively, while the expression of CD86 did not change significantly. These data demonstrate that L9 reduced the BLG allergic sensitization, likely through regDCs mediated active suppression.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.982-997
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• 1993

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status and nutrition knowledge of upper elementary school children attending a rural type school lunch programs. The subjects of this study consisted of 186 elementary school students in the 5th and 6th grades. Anthropometric measurements were taken for body weight, hight, sitting height, triceps skinfold thickness, and circumferences of midarm and chest. Dietary intakes of nutrients were assessed by modified 24-hour recall method. Test consisted of multiple-cholic items was used to assess nutrition knowledge of subjects. The results are summerized as follows: 1) The children's average body weight were 34.8kg in and 37.6kg in girls. Their average heights were 140.2cm in boys and 143.9cm in girls. Body weight, height, sitting height, triceps skinfold and body surface area of girls were significantly higher than those of boys(p<0.05). Anthropometric data of children approximated to the Korean standards, but were lower than those of children in Seoul and other rural area. 2) Total daily energy and nutrient intakes were below the RDA's, except for intakes of niacin and ascorbic acid. School lunch provided 30.5% of total energy intake ; 3.13% of carbohydrate intake, 30.3% of protein intake and 32.4% of fat intake. Therefore, school lunch largely contributed to the nutritional balance of these children. 3) The mean scores on the nutrition knowledge test of fifth grade and sixth grade students were 16.8(out of possible 40 points) and 23.5 (out of a possible 50 points), respectively. 4) Score of food habit had positive correlations with intakes of protein, iron and niacin. But score of nutrition knoweldge test showed to be only related to intake of ascorbic acid.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.384-389
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• 2009

KEPRI (Korea Electric Power Research Institute) has studied planar type solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks using anode-supported cells and kW class co-generation systems for residential power generation. In this work, a 1 kW SOFC system consisted of a hot box part, a cold BOP (balance of plant) part, and a hot water reservoir. The hot box part contained a SOFC stack made up of 48 cells, a fuel reformer, a catalytic combustor, and heat exchangers. Thermal management and insulation system were especially designed for self-sustainable operation in that system. A cold BOP part was composed of blowers, pumps, a water trap, and system control units. When the 1 kW SOFC stack was tested using hydrogen at $750^{\circ}C$, the stack power was about $1.2\;kW_e$ at 30 A and $1.6\;kW_e$ at 50 A. Turning off an electric furnace, the SOFC system was operated using hydrogen and city gas without any external heat source. Under self-sustainable operation conditions, the stack power was about $1.3\;kW_e$ with hydrogen and $1.2\;kW_e$ with city gas respectively. The system also recuperated heat of about $1.1\;kW_{th}$ by making hot water.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.1026-1036
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• 2014

Real-time monitoring for environmental factors (temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a, etc.) and fugacity of carbon dioxide ($fCO_2$) was conducted at an oyster Crassostrea gigas farm in Goseong Bay, south coast of Korea during 2-4th of November, 2011. Surface temperature and salinity were ranged from $17.9-18.7^{\circ}C$ and 32.7-33.8, respectively, with daily and inter-daily variations due to tidal currents. Surface $fCO_2$ showed a range of $390-510{\mu}atm$ and was higher than air $CO_2$ during the study period. Surface temperature, salinity and $fCO_2$ are showed significant correlations with chl.-a and nutrients, respectively. It means when chl.-a value is high in surface water of the oyster farm, active biological production consume $CO_2$ and nutrients from environments and produce oxygen, suggesting a tight feedback between biological processes and environmental reaction. Thus, factors affecting the surface $fCO_2$ were evaluated using a simple mass balance. Temperature and biological productions by phytoplankton are the main factors for $CO_2$ drawdown from afternoon to early night, while biological respiration increases seawater $CO_2$ at night. Air-sea exchange fraction acts as a $CO_2$ decreasing gear during the study period and is much effective when the wind speed is higher than $2-3m\;s^{-1}$. Future studies about organic carbon and biological production/respiration are required for evaluating the roles of oyster farms on carbon sink and coastal carbon cycle.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-47
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to suggest basic data and the direction for revising the curricula of the departments of Home Economics Education toward developmental and efficient ones. The current 23 curricula of all the department of Home Economics Education in Korea were analyzed and compared with the course of the subject “Practical Arts”included in the 5th Study Course of Secondary School to get the following results. 1) Only three subjects are commonly established in all the colleges, and they are Nutrition(obligatory in 23 colleges), Home Economics (obligatory in 21, optional in 2) and Housing (obligatory in 21, optional in 2). 2) Some subjects have various names differing with colleges, though the contents being the same, 8 subjects are established under more than 7 titles. 3) Principles of Home Economics and Home Education, which are obligatory subjects for the majors in Home Economics Education, are established with far less number of scores than the instructions given from the specialists. 4) Subjects over-subdivided beyond necessity are sometimes established, and some curricula are showing the lack of balance in distributing scores among disciplines after concentrating on a particular discipline. 5) Too few subjects are established entirely for experiment and exercise. 6) There is almost no subject related with the technics for domestic life, vocation and career which are included in the Secondary School Course.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.343-348
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• 2018

In this study, the effect of daily short-distance walking exercise on milk production and metabolic status of the lactating dairy cows was investigated. The experiment was conducted with 10 lactating dairy cows comprising 2 groups (5 dairy cows/group), which were walking activity and non-walking activity. The walking activity (WA) group lactating dairy cows walked outdoors for 1 km/d, and the non-walking activity (non-WA) lactating dairy cows were maintained within a cowshed from $18^{th}$ April to $30^{th}$ May. The activity volume of the neck was not significantly different between the groups, but the activity volume of the leg was higher in WA group compared with non-WA (p<0.05). The rectal temperature was higher in the WA group ($38.6^{\circ}C$) compared with non-WA ($38.2^{\circ}C$) (p<0.05). No significant differences in dietary NE intake, milk production and milk composition were found between the groups. The plasma cortisol concentration was higher in WA group ($2.14{\mu}g/dl$) compared to non-WA ($0.95{\mu}g/dl$) (p<0.05). However, plasma cortisol level of WA dairy cows was significantly decreased as compared with non-WA cows. On the contrary, the level of plasma melatonin was increased in WA cows than that of non-WA dairy cows. It may be interpreted as a change in physical fitness. From this study, we suggest that walking activity can be improved energy balance. Further investigation is needed to determine whether different combinations of distance, rate or doing in morning or afternoon will stimulate energy balance.