• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

본 연구는 사람의 시각시스템(Human Visual System, HVS) 특성 및 이산코사인변환 (Discrete Cosine Transform, DCT)을 이용하여 디지털 이미지에 워터마킹(watermarking)하는 방법을 제시한다. 이미지 압축분야에서 연구되어온 사람의 시각 시스템 모델 중 Tong등의 텍스쳐 마스킹(texture mashing). 휘도 마스킹(luminance masking) 모델과 JPEG(Joint Photographic Experts Group)의 양자화 매트릭스(quantization matrix)를 이용한 주파수 마스킹(frequency masking) 기법을 결합하여 워터마크를 삽입한다. 제안한 인지 시각시스템을 이용한 워터마킹 알고리즘은 워터마크를 삽입할 블록이미지의 특성에 따라서 워터마크의 삽입강도를 적응적으로 조절한다. 두가지 형태의 워터마크(의사난수 또는 로고이미지)를 DCT 영역에서 각각 삽입한다. 이를 위하여 이미지를 $8\times8$블록단위로 분할하고 이산코사인 변환을 수행한 후, 변환계수의 저주파 영역에 워터마킹한다. 다양한 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 기존의 워터마킹 방법과 비교하여 놀은 화질을 유지하면서 압축과 잡음 등에 견고함을 보인다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.262-265
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• 2017

Bombyx mori (silkworm pupae) is a unique and biologically significant insect, which is a recognized source of high quality protein that provides all the essential amino acids required for human health. Recently, many studies have focused on various biomedical applications of B. mori proteins. The purpose of this study was to manufacture protein-fortified kefir containing different concentrations of B. mori powder according to pH and sensory evaluations. The value of the protein-fortified kefir increased but the pH decreased with increasing incubation time, indicating that the amount of B. mori powder did not affect and pH. Addition of B. mori powder also did not affect the sensory properties of overall acceptability, texture, and color compared to control group without addition of B. mori powder. However, flavor and taste were affected by increasing the amounts of B. mori powder, with a significant difference in both flavor and taste between the control and treated groups (both p<0.05). There was no significant difference in overall acceptability, texture, and color. Further studies are needed for producing kefir as a dietary supplement utilizing the functional properties of B. mori.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2007

강활 주재배지인 봉화지역 밭토양의 토양 특성을 조사하고 강활재배지 토양의 특성을 분석하여 토양환경과 적정 이화학성을 구명하기 위하여 강활의 생육상황과 수량을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 봉화지역 밭토양의 토성은 사양토와 양토가 대부분이었고 경사는 $7\sim15%$가 가장 많았으며 다음이 $15\sim30%$이었다. 2. 토양 배수등급별 토성 분포에 있어서는 사양토와 양토는 배수 양호가 많았으나 양토는 불량등급도 있었다. 양질조사토나 양질사토는 매우 양호 등급이었다. 3. 강활 수량은 양토와 배수등급 약간양호에서 289kg/10a으로 가장 많았는데 식양토와 배수불량등급에서 수량이 가장 적었다. 4. 강활 재배지의 토양유기물, 칼리함량, EC는 배수등급이 불량할수록 적어졌으며 그 외 함량은 배수등급간에 일정한 경향이 없었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to establish the decision criteria of soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry using soil morphological and physical properties. The investigation was carried out in Gochang, Sunchang, Jeongeup, Pohang, and Hoengseong districts in Korea. The obtained results showed that factors related to the decision criteria of the soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry cultivation were soil texture, soil drainage class, land slope, and available soil depth. The criteria of the best suitability soil for Korean Black raspberry was valley/fan or hill geomorphology, well or moderately drainage class, B-slope(2-7%), coarse loamy soil texture family, less than <15% gravel contents, and available soil depth deeper than 100cm. The area criteria of soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry of Gochang was more than 50% including best and suitable areas.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.317-324
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• 1991

옥수수 전분을 propylene oxide와 반응시켜 하이드록시프로필화 옥수수 전분을 제조한 후 물리화학적 특성을 조사하였다. DSC, Amylograph 등을 이용하여 호화특성을 조사한 결과 치환기가 증가할수록 호화온도가 낮아져 치환도가 DS 0.068 이상에서는 호화개시온도가 $59^{\circ}C$로 감자 전분의 호화온도인 $62^{\circ}C$ 보다도 낮았으며 DS $0.120{\sim}0.147$에서는 $53^{\circ}C$까지 떨어졌다. 호화시킨 전분을 $4^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 노화속도를 측정한 결과 DS 0.120 이상에서는 $4^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 방치하여도 거의 노화가 일어나지 않아 하이드록시프로필화에 의하여 크게 억제되었다. 또한 하이드록시프로필화 시킨 옥수수 전분은 빛 투과도 증가 시작온도가 낮아졌으며 빛 투과도는 현저히 증가되었다. 옥수수 전분을 하이드록시프로필화 시켰을때 gel 형성시간은 늦어졌으며 gel 조직이 연해지고 겔 강도도 떨어졌다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2004

Neuti-dduk is a steamed rice cake made of nonglutious rice How, with Neuti leaves powder, sugar, and water. The objective of study was designed to seek the best recipe to make Neuti-dduk The procedure was as follows Neuti-dduk containing different ratios of the above mentioned ingredients, such as Neuti leaves powder (4, 8, and 12g), sugar and water. The most desirable recipe was determined after sensory examinations and mechanical tests to measure the texture, moisture content and colorimeter. The results of the sensory evaluation showed the Neuti-dduk containing 8g Neuti leaves powder, 20g sugar 20 and 45$m\ell$ water had the highest scores in overall acceptability, color and flavor preference. In the textural analysis the hardness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness of the Neuti-dduk decreased on the addition of increasing amounts of Neuti leaves powder. The moisture content of Neuti-dduk with 4g Neuti leaves powder was higher than that with 12g. The L- and a-values of Neuti-dduk were increased by decreasing the amount of Neuti leaves powder. The overall quality of the sensory examination of Neuti-dduk in relation to the amount of Neuti leaves powder had positive correlation with the moistness, but negative correlations with the L-value andmoisture content. (Eds note: would these 2 highlighted features not be related; if so, why does one have a positive and the other a negative correlation\ulcorner) From the results of these tests, the most desirable recipe for the Neuti-dduk was 8g of Neuti leaves powder, 20g of sugar, 45$m\ell$ of water and2g of salt, for every 200g of rice powder. The moisture content of this recipe was 42.18％.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.582-587
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the plant growth and fruit quality of blueberries grown in different soil textures of Korea, in order to utilize the results for stable production and soil improvement. Rabbiteye blueberry cultivars 'Tifblue' and 'Baldwin' were planted and grown for three years from 2013 in wagner pot (1 $2000a^{-1}$) in a greenhouse of Namhae Sub-station, Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science. The plants were grown in four soil textures, sand, sandy loam, loam and silt loam, and nutrient uptake and growth characteristics of plants were investigated. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents of two cultivars grown in different soil textures ranged between 8.6 to $10.5gkg^{-1}$, which was lower than appropriate level for rabbiteye blueberry. However, the contents of potassium, calcium and magnesium in leaves were appropriate levels as $2.29{\sim}3.62gkg^{-1}$, $4.46{\sim}5.46gkg^{-1}$ and $1.45{\sim}2.12gkg^{-1}$, respectively. Nitrogen and phosphate contents in leaves were higher in the two cultivars grown in silt loam soil. There was no significant difference in plant volume and root dry weight among four soil textures in two cultivars. However, dry weight of leaves and branches were highest in loam soil. Fruit production was highest in loam and silt loam soil in two cultivars, showing negative correlation with the amount of sand in soil. However, sugar and acidity showed no correlation with sand content in soil. These results show the limit to the blueberry growth in soil that has no nutrient holding capacity; however, most of Korean soils that have good nutrient holding capacity can produce competitive fruits if the drainage is improved.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2015

Soil catena can be characterized by some properties, such as drainage levels and soil textures. Characteristics of soil catena are different drainage levels from a summit to the direction of gravity and similar soil textures. Therefore this study was performed GIS (Geographic information system) and statistical analyses using perimeters from soil series in order to characterize quantitatively and objectively soil distributional properties in Korea. The total of 16 soil series from representative granite and granite gneiss originated soils were selected among inland soils from detailed soil maps (1:25,000 scale) in Rural Development Administration (RDA) and analyzed. After the detailed soil maps were merged by soil series unit, perimeters were measured from one soil series to neighboring soil series using functions of table join, merge, dissolve, buffer, and clip in ArcGIS (10.1). The covering ratio of each soil series unit was calculated from neighboring perimeters by soil series and applied to clustering analysis. Soils that were analyzed were the total of 16 soil series; 7 of sandy loam and 9 of clay loam. As a result, analyzed soil series adjoined complicatedly such as Hyocheon series adjoined 26 series and Jisan did 276 series. The results of the clustering analysis showed that soils were clustered by soil textures except a few soil series. This study applied only one property that was a length of neighboring soil series to GIS and statistical analyses. These results were compared to existing soil groups that were classified by new-soil taxonomy, texture, soil type and drainage level. It showed that these analyses can provide soil characteristics by soil texture. Based on this study, there is a need to investigate further objectively and quantitatively in statistical analyses of soil series.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.306-310
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• 2021

In this study, IF steel, which has a body-centered cubic (BCC) crystal structure, was fabricated as a 25 mm-long cube, and then processed for one cycle without intermediate heat treatment by applying MADF Ver.1 and Ver.2 processes. MADF processing was performed with graphite lubrication for each pass at room temperature. The development of the microstructure and texture was analyzed and compared by the location of the specimen using EBSD measurements of the IF steel. Vickers hardness test and miniature tensile test were also performed to analyze the mechanical properties. The coarse grain size of 742.6 ㎛ of the as-received IF steel was refined to a grain size of 53.0 ㎛ after one cycle of MADF Ver.1 processing and 27.0 ㎛ after MADF Ver.2 processing. Vicker's hardness of the as-received IF steel at 94 Hv was increased to 185.6 Hv and 191.2 Hv after one cycle of MADF Ver.1 and Ver.2 processing, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1195-1204
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether addition of konjac gel with three different vegetable powders can increase quality of low-fat frankfurter-type sausage. Methods: Low-fat frankfurter-type sausages were manufactured with formulations containing konjac gel and three vegetable powders (aloe vera, cactus pear, or wheat sprout) as pork fat replacers. The formulations of frankfurters were as follows: NF (normal-fat; 20% pork fat), LF (low-fat; 10% pork fat), KG (low-fat; 10% pork fat+10% konjac gel), and konjac gel with three vegetable powders (KV), such as KV-AV (10% pork fat+10% konjac gel with aloe vera), KV-CP (10% pork fat+10% konjac gel with cactus pear), and KV-WS (10% pork fat+10% konjac gel with wheat sprout). Proximate analysis, pH value, color evaluation, cooking loss, water-holding capacity, emulsion stability, apparent viscosity, texture profile analysis, and sensory evaluation were determined. Results: The konjac gel containing groups showed lower fat content (p<0.05) and higher moisture content than NF group (p<0.05). The pH value of frankfurters was decreased in three KV groups (p<0.05). The three KV groups had increased dark color (p<0.05) compared with KG, and KV-CP had the highest redness (p<0.05). The water-holding capacity and emulsion stability were higher in the three KV groups than KG and LF (p<0.05). Cooking loss was generally decreased in the three KV groups, compared with KG (p<0.05). The apparent viscosity of KV groups was similar with NF group and overall texture properties were improved in KV-CP. In the sensory evaluation, the highest overall acceptability was found in KV-CP groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The four fat replacers improved physicochemical properties of low-fat frankfurters. Particularly, konjac gel with cactus pear powder seems more acceptable as a pork fat replacer.