• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 생물학적 처리방법으로 염색폐수의 난분해성 유기물질을 효과적으로 처리하기 위한 방안으로 활성슬러지를 Polyethylene glycol(PEG)에 포괄고정화한 담체를 유동상 반응기를 이용하여 난분해성 유기물질의 처리효율을 평가하고 적정 운전인자를 검토하였다. 담체는 내경 4 mm${\times}$높이 4 mm의 원통형으로 미세공극을 가진 PEG재질의 담체를 제조하기 위해 PEG-prepolymer와 미생물을 젤 상태에서 혼합하여 고형화 시켰으며, 이때 담체에 사용된 미생물은 염색폐수에 순응시키지 않은 상태에서 합성되었다. 연속 호기성 유동상 반응기의 유입수는 $SCOD_{Cr}$ 약 330 mg/L, $SBOD_5$ 20 mg/L 이하의 생물학적 처리수를 사용하였고, 체류시간의 변화에 따른 각 반응기의 난분해성 유기물질 제거효율을 비교하였다 생물학적 처리수를 유입수로 하여 동일한 HRT로 운전한 결과 모든 조건에서 45% 이상의 유기물 제거효율을 보였으며, HRT 12 hr이 유기물 제거효율 등을 고려할 때 안정된 효율을 얻을 수 있는 적정 체류시간으로 판단되었다. 특히 기질환경의 변화에 따른 유기물 제거효율의 변화를 확인하기 위하여 생물학적 처리전의 처리장 유입폐수를 처리한 결과 $SCOD_{Cr}$ 70% 이상, $SBOD_5$ 97% 이상의 높은 처리효과를 나타내었다. 포괄고정화 담체를 이용한 염색폐수처리에서 유동상 반응기는 기존 활성슬러지 공정을 대신하거나 혼용하여 적용하는 것이 가능할 것으로 판단되어진다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2008

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

The advantage of enzyme scouring over alkali scouring is that the enzymatic process can be carried in a neutral pH, resulting in less damage on the fibers and a drastic reduction of wastewater. Since the pH of scouring bath is neutral, dyeing can be carried in the same bath. Four different types of scouring and dyeing in a single-bath were performed in this work: continuous scouring and dyeing in one-bath I and II, simultaneous scouring and dyeing in one-bath I and II. The difference between process I and II is the existence of an after-treatment process in the scouring. Dyeing was performed with three major colors(red, blue, yellow) and black to investigate the dye-ability. The absorbency of scoured and dyed fabrics was measured using gravimetric absorbency testing system. The fabric weight loss was measured after the treatment. Although the color depth for the three major colored fabrics treated in a single-bath was lower than the fabric scoured and dyed separately, the fabrics dyed with black did not show much difference. In addition, the absorbency of fabric treated in a single-bath was higher than the fabric treated separately.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2023

In this study, the structural characteristics of sericin recovered from wastewater released from the silk textile industry (Plant sericin) were comparatively analyzed with those of sericin extracted from a silkworm cocoon produced in a laboratory (Lab sericin). To prepare Plant sericin, ethanol was added to wastewater (i.e., a sericin aqueous solution) after the degumming process to remove nonprotein materials, affording a sericin precipitate. To prepare Lab sericin, nonprotein materials were removed from a silkworm cocoon and sericin was subsequently extracted from the cocoon. Lab sericin and Plant sericin exhibited similar solution viscosities, gel strengths, and crystallinity indices, indicative of the similar molecular weights (MWs) of the two sericin samples. In the case of sericin powder, Plant sericin was more crystalline than Lab sericin due to its treatment with ethanol. The findings of this study revealed that sericin recovered from industrial wastewater can be used equally as its MW is similar to that of sericin obtained through laboratory-scale extraction.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2005

Because generally large amount of sludges are generated from the process of sewage and wastewater treatment, the management and controlment of those sludge has become a important issue in many researches. In this dissertation, we conducted the research to see the physico-chemical characteristics of sludges generated from various sources. Moisture of sludges were 81.5% in textile industries, 81.4% in frame metal industries, 80.7% in 1st metal industries. Volatile solid were 22.1% in hide · rubber industries, 21.9% in coke · petroleum industries. Fixed solid were 18.5% and 17.7% in the 1st metal industries and frame metal industries. High heating value by wet base were 1,850 kcal/kg in coke · petroleum industries, 1,220 kcal/kg in hide · rubber industries, but sludges from the 1st metal industries and frame metal industries were impossible to incinerate because most of those sludges were inorganic. The leaching test showed that hazardous materials was detected in nearly every kinds of sludges. Some of sludges from hide · rubber industries and frame metal industries exceeded the leaching criteria and so they were classified as specific wastes. And other sludges generated in sewage treatment plants or other industries was below the leaching criteria.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제68권
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• pp.406-415
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• 2018

Here, as-synthesized $Fe_3O_4$ nanoparticles were incorporated into the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) lattice to activate sodium percarbonate (SPC) for degradation of methylene blue (MB). The reaction rate constant of $Fe_3O_4@ZIF-8/SPC$ process ($0.0632min^{-1}$) at acidic conditions (pH = 3) was more than six times that of the $Fe_3O_4/SPC$ system ($0.009min^{-1}$). Decreasing the solute concentration, along with increasing SPC concentration and $Fe_3O_4@ZIF-8$ nanocomposite (NC) dosage, favored the catalytic degradation of MB. The $Fe_3O_4@ZIF-8$ NC after fifteen consecutive treatment processes showed the excellent stability with a negligible drop in the efficiency of the system (<10%). The reaction pathway was obtained via GC-MS analysis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1460-1471
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• 2013

Microalgal biofuel production from wastewater has economic and environmental advantages. This article investigates the lipid production from high chemical oxygen demand (COD) bioethanol wastewater without dilution or additional nutrients, using a newly isolated heterotrophic microalga, Chlorella vulgaris LAM-Q. To enhance lipid accumulation, the combined effects of important operational parameters were studied via response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were found to be temperature of $22.8^{\circ}C$, initial pH of 6.7, and inoculum density of $1.2{\times}10^8cells/ml$. Under these conditions, the lipid productivity reached 195.96 mg/l/d, which was markedly higher than previously reported values in similar systems. According to the fatty acid composition, the obtained lipids were suitable feedstock for biodiesel production. Meanwhile, 61.40% of COD, 51.24% of total nitrogen, and 58.76% of total phosphorus were removed from the bioethanol wastewater during microalgal growth. In addition, 19.17% of the energy contained in the wastewater was transferred to the microalgal biomass in the fermentation process. These findings suggest that C. vulgaris LAM-Q can efficiently produce lipids from high-concentration bioethanol wastewater, and simultaneously performs wastewater treatment.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.17-24
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• 1996

Dye solutions were tested in order to find the optimal condition of ozonation and determine the progress of degradation, i.e., change of the parameters characterizing the dye solutions. From the results of our experiment we can conclude that almost all of the color was removed within a 10 minute time period. An ozone oxidation results in the effective removal of COD(60%). but the elimination of the total organic carbon(TOC) was not successful, only about 15~40% of TOC was removed from dyeing wastewater in 30 minutes. The color removal is much effective in using ozonation method.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.42-48
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• 1998

For the effective operation of complex dyeing wastewater treatment plant, the biodegradability of various dyeing agents were investigated. For experiments in biodegradability, activated sludge from aeration tank of wastewater treatment plant was used. Biodegradability of dyeing agents were compared by measuring the $BOD_5/COD_{Cr}$ ratios and $BOD_5$ removal efficiency. $COD_{Cr}$. removal efficiency of dyeing agents was less than 80% , while $BOD_5$ removal efficiency was less than 60% after of days. Therefore, biodegradation by activated sludge were found very difficult. Judging from this, it is necessary to isolate strains biodegrading dyeing agents in order to operate activated sludge process safely.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2000

For the effective treatment of dyeing-complex wastewater, the most effective chemical coagulation method was studied. For the chemical coagulation of dyeing-complex wastewater, polyferric sulfate, $4Al_2(SO_4)_3$, PAC, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, $FeCl_2$ and lime were used. It was investigated that polyferric sulfate was the most efficient coagulant. The optimal conditions and results for polyferric sulfate include the followings. When initial $COD_{Mn}$ concentration was 600mg/L, the optimal initial pH, dosage of coagulant, dosage of lime and PAA for $COD_{Mn}$ removal efficiency were 5, 1,200mg/L, 500mg/L and lmg/L, respectively. The optimal dosage of polyferric sulfate was increased proportionally to the influent $COD_{Mn}$ concentration.