• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 1999

The objective of this study is to examine the media richness theory and the social information processing model by analyzing the effect of media experience on media perception and communication process. To accomplish this objective, a laboratory experiment was conducted. The independent variable was text medium experience and a face-to-face medium was added as a control group. The dependent variables were medium perception and communication process. Medium perception includes perceived richness, medium feeling, task satisfaction, and communication satisfaction. Communication processes were also analyzed to compare each treatment group. The results can be summarized into two facts. First, face-to-face group showed higher perceived richness than text medium group. And experienced text medium group perceived their text medium richer than inexperienced text medium group. Second, experienced text medium groups showed more interactions between subjects than inexperienced text medium group. Experienced text medium group also showed more agreements and meta-communication which could be found in face-to-face group. The result of this study supported media richness theory by finding that face-to-face medium was perceived richer than text medium, And the results also proved social information processing model by comparing experienced text medium group and inexperienced text medium group. The text medium, although thought to be the leanest one, could be perceived richer if users had lots of experience on it.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1316-1327
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• 2022

In this study, the effect of text content on users in mixed reality was investigated and subjective evaluation was performed using a statistical approach. The position and size of the text were defined as independent variables, and eye comfort and visibility were analyzed as dependent variables. Twenty participants viewed the content for 96 seconds and then performed a related survey rating task. As a result of two-way ANOVA, the interaction between text position and size and the main effect on text size were not statistically significant. The main effect on text position was found to be statistically significant, and as a result of the analysis, the bottom middle was preferred for both eye comfort and visibility.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.261.1-261
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-53
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was development of 'Environmental Science' of high school appropriate to Sixth Natinal Education Curriculum. In view that ultimate aim of environmental education is forming responsible environmental behaviors and the goals of values and behaviors are as important as knowledges and skills, A new environmental text of high school level was developed and it was based on analysis of seven texts and environmental education in Fifth Korean Curriculum. This text have seven units, 1.Habitates : What're the Meanings?, 2.Nuclear Energy: Can't be Avoid?, 3.Acid Rain : What're the Messages", 4.Ethanol : Is this Future Fuel?, 5.Wastes : A New War!, 6.What're the National and Global Environmental Issues? and 7.Our Water: Can Drink, Really? This text was stressed equally in goals of four environmental education and avoided from the array of knowledges. Therefore included various teaching strategies and independent actions of students. 'Open-ended value learning' and 'free behavior learning' in text were special learning parts for aquisition of values and formation of behaviors. To verify the effects of new developed environmental text, the direct learning was carried out by 286 students in total. Post test scores of experimental groups per each units were significantly higher than those of control groups about four goals, respectively. The Results of questionnaires by 50 teachers from five different schools were as follows. For validity of selecting contents for units, 74% of respondents replied positively. For classification and presentation of four goal-groups, 90% replied positively in validity and 82%, in utility. For validity of various teaching strategies, 88% and for the degree of including student-centered independent actions, 86% replied positively. For importances and expected effects of 'open-ended value learning' and 'free behavior learning', showed positive responses respectively, 88%, 92%. Therefore this text is effective to acheive four goals of environmental education equally.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

Word templates exist for select journals, and their primary objective is to facilitate submissions to those journals, thereby optimizing editors' and publishers' time and resources by ensuring that the desired style (e.g., of sections, references, etc.) is followed. However, if multiple unrelated authors use the exact same template, a risk exists that some text might be erroneously cloned if template-based papers are not carefully screened by authors, journal editors or proof copyeditors. Elsevier Procedia® was used as an example. Select cloned text, presumably derived from MS Word templates used for submissions to Elsevier Procedia® journals, was assessed using Science Direct. Typically, in academic publishing, identical text is screened using text similarity software during the submission process, and if detected, may be flagged as plagiarism. After searching for "heading should be left justified, bold, with the first letter capitalized", 44 Elsevier Procedia® papers were found to be positive for vestigial template text. The integrity of the information in these papers has been compromised, so these errors should be corrected with an erratum, or in the case of extensive errors and vast tracts (e.g., pages long) of template text, papers should be retracted and republished.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1991

The empirical Bayes version involves ″independent″ repetitions(a sequence) of the component decision problem. With the varying sample size possible, these are not identical components. However, we impose the usual assumption that the parameters sequence $\theta$=($\theta$$_1$, $\theta$$_2$, …) consists of independent G-distributed parameters where G is unknown. We assume that G $\in$ g, a known family of distributions. The sample size $N_i$ and the decisin rule $d_i$ for component i of the sequence are determined in an evolutionary way. The sample size $N_1$ and the decision rule $d_1$$\in$ $D_{N1}$ used in the first component are fixed and chosen in advance. The sample size $N_2$and the decision rule $d_2$ are functions of *see full text($\underline{X}^1$equation omitted), the observations in the first component. In general, $N_i$ is an integer-valued function of *see full text(equation omitted) and, given $N_i$, $d_i$ is a $D_{Ni}$/-valued function of *see full text(equation omitted). The action chosen in the i-th component is *(equation omitted) which hides the display of dependence on *(equation omitted). We construct an empirical Bayes decision rule for estimating normal mean and show that it is asymptotically optimal.

• MALSORI
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• no.57
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• pp.165-174
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• 2006

In this paper we use a training algorithm, MCE (Minimum Classification Error), to improve the performance of a text-independent speaker identification system. The MCE training scheme takes account of possible competing speaker hypotheses and tries to reduce the probability of incorrect hypotheses. Experiments performed on a small set speaker identification task show that the discriminant training method using MCE can reduce identification errors by up to 54% over a baseline system trained using Bayesian adaptation to derive GMM (Gaussian Mixture Models) speaker models from a UBM (Universal Background Model).

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce a domain-independent classification framework based on both k-nearest neighbor and Naive Bayesian classification algorithms. The architecture of our system is simple and modularized in that each sub-module of the system could be changed or improved efficiently. Moreover, it provides various feature selection mechanisms to be applied to optimize the general-purpose classifiers for a specific domain. As for the enhanced classification performance, our system provides conditional probability boosting (CPB) mechanism which could be used in various domains. In the mood classification domain, our optimized framework using the CPB algorithm showed 1% of improvement in precision and 2% in recall compared with the baseline.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 2000

This paper was focused on realizing the text-independent speaker recognizer using the VQ and GMM algorithm and studying the characteristics of the speaker recognizers that adopt these two algorithms. Because it was difficult ascertain the effect two algorithms have on the speaker recognizer theoretically, we performed the recognition experiments using various parameters and, as the result of the experiments, we could show that GMM algorithm had better recognition performance than VQ algorithm as following. The GMM showed better performance with small training data, and it also showed just a little difference of recognition rate as the kind of feature vectors and the length of input data vary. The GMM showed good recognition performance than the VQ on the whole.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1135-1140
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• 2007

This paper proposes an edge-based text region detection algorithm using the adaptive character-edge maps which are independent of the size of characters and the orientation of character string in natural images. First, labeled images are obtained from edge images and in order to search for characters, adaptive character-edge maps by way grammar are applied to labeled images. Next, selected label images are clustered as for distance of its neighbors. And then, text region candidates are obtained. Finally, text region candidates are verified by using the empirical rules and horizontal/vertical projection profiles based on the orientation of text region. As the results of experiments, a text region detection algorithm turned out to be robust in the matter of various character size, orientation, and the complexity of the background.