• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.385-390
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• 2023

The uterus, one of women's reproductive organs, is also closely related to women's health. Among them, hemorrhagic luteal cysts, one of the causes of pelvic pain that women often experience, were observed through CT and ultrasound, and the quality of images was evaluated through quantitative and qualitative evaluations. This study sought to find out whether the test method is more helpful to patients during CT and ultrasound. This study was conducted on 15 adolescent women and 15 adult women(21.31±3.45 average age). The equipment used for filming used EC3-10X (3~10 MHZ) and Philips Mx8000 iCT 256 among Endocavity Probes among Ecube Platinum. After setting a constant ROI on the cyst and the interface as a quantitative analysis method, SNR and CNR values were measured on a 5-point scale based on image quality, lesion clarity, image distortion, clarity of the interface, and motion artifacts (p<0.05). Independent t-test and Mann Whiteny U were performed, and the statistical program used was noted when SPSS (Version 22.0 for windows software package, Chicago, IL, USA) was statistically less than 0.05. Comparing the SNR and CNR values for this experiment, it can be seen that the SNR value was higher in the case of CT images(p<0.05). As a result of the qualitative evaluation, the quality of the image, the clarity of the lesion, the distortion of the image, the clarity of the interface, and the clarity of the boundary were measured on a 5-point scale based on the movement artifact. Comparing each score, CT images scored higher with a finer difference than ultrasound images(p<0.05). In conclusion, both test methods showed excellent results in finding the patient's lesions. However, in quantitative and qualitative evaluations, CT produced higher results in detecting lesions than ultrasound. However, for cyst tests that require continuous observation, ultrasonography, a non-invasive method that is advantageous for patients, will be clinically useful. Therefore, observing the patient's lesions by appropriately distributing these two test methods will provide optimal diagnostic information. These results will be useful for providing clinical basic data and educational materials to CT and US users in the future.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2015

It is a serious situation that the farmers' income has gradually decreased due to the decline of productivity of fruit trees infected with viroids. It has been known that Persimmon viroid (PVd) and Citrus viroid (CVd) are economically important viroids that can infected persimmon. In this study, the incidence of CVd and PVd in 'Fuyu' persimmon were identified as 41% and 34% in JeollaNam-do, respectively. The collected persimmon samples infected by both PVd and CVd were used for testing efficiency of the viroid inactivation methods. The samples were subjected to single treatment of the heat treatment ($37^{\circ}C$), cold treatment ($4^{\circ}C$), or antiviral agent treatment (Ribavirin), and double treatment of combinations of the three methods. Viroid inactivation efficiency was confirmed through RT-PCR. In the case of the samples subjected to cold treatment for 4 weeks, the viroid inactivation efficiency was most significantly high as 67% against the survival rate of 100%. In addition, in the case of the samples treated for 2 weeks with the antiviral agents and cold treatment, the viroid inactivation rate was similar to that of the cold treatment. In conclusion, the cold treatment showed the highest viroid inactivation efficiency, and this result will provide valuable information for production of viroid-free persimmon.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.47-53
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• 2010

This study was made on the fact that the compressive strength characteristic of the recently developed alkali silica-sol chemical grout material was examined, whose grout material used for this study was designed to understand its strength property through the uniaxial compressive strength test(homo-gel, sand-gel), permeability test, deflection strength test, etc. In order to compare with the engineering characteristics regarding alkali silica-sol grout material and sodium silicate grout material. The uniaxial compressive strength of silica-sol grout material was identified to be increased more than 3~5 times than sodium silicate grout material at the early stage(within 72 hours). When comparing with the uniaxial compressive strengths of Sand-gel and Homo-gel at the material age of 28 days in case of silica-sol grouting material the strength of Sand-gel was measured to be about 1.3 times higher than Homo-gel. In case of silica-sol, it is assumed to have the property to exert high strength when it is actually grouted into the ground. As a result of permeability test it is judged that it is possible to apply the silica-sol to the site in the place requiring the water cut-off as the silica-sol. As a result of testing the strength at the material age of 28 days of grouting-use silica-sol showed more than 3 times' difference than the sodium silicate grouting material.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 1999

The study was conducted to centum the construct of individual perception and preference for work characteristics as personal factors influencing Korean nurses' job satisfaction. The subjects of the study were 231 nurses who are currently working in intensive care units and have been for a minimum of 6 months. The study used the Staff Perception and Preference Scale(Song et al., 1997) to measure the individual's perception and preference on the technical. practice. and management components of the ideal work environment. The Korean version of the Staff Perception and Preference Scale consists of 16 items on perception and 13 on preference with each item related on a scale from 1(not at all) to 4(a great deal). Psychometric testing revealed that the preference and perception scale is internally consistent with Chronbach's alphas of .83 for perception scale arid .80 for preference scale. The subscales of the perception and preference scale also showed acceptable reliability for the early stage of the development of the instruments with Chronbach alphas of .62-.76 and .69-.83 respectively. Criterion-related validity of the scale was tested by examining correlations with individual growth need that is conceptually close to individual preference. but not to individual perception. Individual growth need was significantly related to individual preference(r＝.63, p<.05), but the correlation with the perception scale was not significant. A separate factor analysis for the each of perception and preference scales was performed with a three-factor loading solution based on a previous study. The results on the staff perception scale confirmed with varimax rotation that the items were cleanly and strongly loaded on technique. practice and management components, which together explained 50.7% of the variance. The factor analysis on the staff preference scale also yielded a three factor solution that explained 56.7% of the variance. but items on technique and management components were loaded together. This phenomena may due to the current nursing delivery system in Korea where nurses never experience either shared governance nor case management, and as a results they may not be able to consider management roles as their potential extended roles. Therefore, more efforts should be given to enhance nurses' autonomy and decision making in the technique, practice and management components of their work environment. Meanwhile, there is a need for continuously confirming and developing tools for individual perception and preferences to effectively enhance job satisfaction among Korean nurses through innovative work environments.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.47-57
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• 2015

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to investigate the explanatory power of the Pecking-order theory (the cost of financing increases with asymmetric information) among Korean retail firms from the perspective of debt capacity. According to the Pecking-order theory, a firm's first preference is to use internal funds for its capital needs, its next preference is the issuance of debt, and its last preference is the issuance of equity; this is due to the information asymmetry problem between existing shareholders and investors. However, prior empirical studies, such as Lemmon and Zender (2010), argue that the entire sample test for the Pecking-order theory could be misleading due to the different levels of debt issuance capability of each of the individual firms; in fact, they confirm that the explanatory power of the Pecking-order theory improves after taking into account the differences in debt capacity of the U.S. firms they examined. This paper implements a case study approach among Korean retail firms to examine the relationship between debt capacity and the explanatory power of the Pecking-order theory in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology - This study uses the sample of public retail firms on the Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) from the time period of 1990 to 2013. We gather related financial and accounting statements from the financial information firm WISEfn. Credit rating information is provided by the Korea Investor Service. We employ the models of Lemmon and Zender (2010) and Son and Kim (2013) to measure a firm's debt capacity. Their logit models use the rating dummy variable as a dependent variable and incorporate other firm characteristics as independent variables to estimate debt capacity. To test the Pecking-order theory, we adopt variants of the financing deficit model of Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999). In the test of the Pecking-order theory, we consider all of the changes in total debt obligations, current debt obligations, and long-term debt obligations. Results - Our main contribution to the literature is our confirmation of the predicted relationship between debt capacity and the explanatory power of the Pecking-order theory among Korean retail firms. The coefficients on financing deficits become greater as a firm's debt capacity improves. This is consistent with the results of Lemmon and Zender (2010). The coefficients on the square of the financing deficits are also negative for the firms in the largest debt capacity group, which is also consistent with the predictions in prior literature. Conclusions - This study takes a case study approach by examining Korean retail firms. We confirm that the Pecking-order theory explains the capital structure of retail firms more appropriately, after taking into account the debt capacity of each firm. This result suggests the importance of debt capacity consideration in the testing of the Pecking-order theory. Our result also implies that there has been a potential underestimation of the explanatory power of the Pecking-order theory in existing studies.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.69-81
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• 2005

In this study using two-dimensional system of the analysis of image, when normal males in their twenties who have normal foot and step with heel first are walking and running, they who are wearing running shoes or barefoot are testing and comparing the exchange factors of heel control. There are following results of this test by verifying them with T-Test. 1) When they are running, there are two big different gap which is $6.05^{\circ}$ between barefoot and wearing the running shoes. The former is $174.79^{\circ}{\pm}6.31$ and the latter is $180.84^{\circ}{\pm}4.69$. But it is not statistically significant. The angle of first step with heel is $100.42^{\circ}{\pm}3.95$ with barefoot and $93.97^{\circ}{\pm}094$ with wearing the running shoes. In this case, it is statistically significant(p<.01) 2) When they are running, the angle of the Achilles' tendon has different gap which is $5.24^{\circ}$ between barefoot and wearing the running shoes. The former is $179.70^{\circ}{\pm}4.23$ and the latter is $184.94^{\circ}{\pm}4.09$. It is not statistically significant. The angle of minimal step with heel is $96.30^{\circ}{\pm}3.07$ with barefoot and $90.84^{\circ}{\pm}0.44$ with wearing the running shoes. In this case, it is statistically significant(p<.01). 3) In the angle of the Achilles' tendon and the angle of first step with heel, when they are walking, the angle of the Achilles' tendon has different gap which is $1.81^{\circ}$ between barefoot and wearing the running shoes. The former is $6.39^{\circ}{\pm}0.83$ and the latter is $8.20^{\circ}{\pm}1.85$. It is not statistically significant. The angle of first step with heel is $2.32^{\circ}{\pm}0.51$ with barefoot and $3.22^{\circ}{\pm}1.44$ with wearing the running shoes. It is not statistically significant. 4) In the angle of the take-off of Achilles' tendon, when they are walking, the angle of the take-off of Achilles' tendon has different gap which is $3.88^{\circ}$ between barefoot and wearing the running shoes. The former is $177.62^{\circ}{\pm}8.78$ and the latter is $173.74^{\circ}{\pm}16.31$. It is statistically significant(p<.05). Therefore, they are running, the angle of the take-off of Achilles' tendon is $178.37^{\circ}{\pm}19.28$ with barefoot and $171.26^{\circ}{\pm}12.18$ with wearing the running shoes. It is statistically significant(p<.05).

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.185-196
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• 2009

Objectives : This case report presents a 7-year-old female patient diagnosed with conversion disorder improved by application of oriental medical psychotherapy, the Giungoroen. Her chief complaint was dysesthesia of anal. Methods : Through interview and several psychological testing such as HTP test, DAF test, JTCI 7-11, we assessed her psychological state and seek for the psychological reason induced her physical symptom, dysesthesia of anal. After assessment we concluded her main psychological problem was loss of love relationship with her parents. So we decided to use supportive psychological therapy and behavioral therapy-like changing upbringing attitudes of her parents, for example- with Herbal medicine treatment. Results : After 2-month of therapeutic period, chief physical symptom of patient-dysesthesia of anal-was reduced to 20% compared with first visit day. Conclusions : The Giungoroen corresponds to supportive psychotherapy and behavioral therapy. And this oriental medical psychotherapy is fairly effective on the treatment of conversion disorder in childhood.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.673-680
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• 2017

Research and commercialization of wood chips-urethane resin mixtures as paving materials for park trails and tourist attractions are underway. The aim of this study was to expand the use of such paving materials to the playgrounds, where vigorous physical movements occur frequently. For this purpose, the physical properties and safety of the paving material, in which some or all of the wood chips(passing through a 10mm sieve and remaining in a 3mm sieve) were replaced with sawdust, were studied experimentally. Strength, elastic modulus, slip resistance, shock absorption and heavy metal content tests were carried out by varying the mixing ratio of urethane resin, sawdust and wood chip. As a result, in the case of wood chip-resin mixtures with mass ratios of the resin to total mass of sawdust and wood chips of 1.0 and 1.2 and having a ratio of sawdust mass to total mass of sawdust and wood chips of 0-0.4, it was found that the properties satisfied KS F 3888-2. On the other hand, in case of using sawdust only as a woody material, the shock absorbability was below standard, and the mass ratio of resin to sawdust required 1.2 or more to ensure the specified tensile strength.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.438-444
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• 2012

Mucolipidosis II (ML II) or inclusion cell disease (I-cell disease) is a rarely occurring autosomal recessive lysosomal enzyme-targeting disease. This disease is usually found to occur in individuals aged between 6 and 12 months, with a clinical phenotype resembling that of Hurler syndrome and radiological findings resembling those of dysostosis multiplex. However, we encountered a rare case of an infant with ML II who presented with prenatal skeletal dysplasia and typical clinical features of severe secondary hyperparathyroidism at birth. A female infant was born at $37^{+1}$ weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 1,690 g (<3rd percentile). Prenatal ultrasonographic findings revealed intrauterine growth retardation and skeletal dysplasia. At birth, the patient had characteristic features of ML II, and skeletal radiographs revealed dysostosis multiplex, similar to rickets. In addition, the patient had high levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone, consistent with severe secondary neonatal hyperparathyroidism. The activities of ${\beta}$-D-hexosaminidase and ${\alpha}$-N-acetylglucosaminidase were moderately decreased in the leukocytes but were 5- to 10-fold higher in the plasma. Examination of a placental biopsy specimen showed foamy vacuolar changes in trophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. The diagnosis of ML II was confirmed via GNPTAB genetic testing, which revealed compound heterozygosity of c.3091C>T (p.Arg1031X) and c.3456_3459dupCAAC (p.Ile1154GlnfsX3), the latter being a novel mutation. The infant was treated with vitamin D supplements but expired because of asphyxia at the age of 2 months.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.248-261
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• 1994

This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical usefulness of magnetic motor evoked potential (MEP) in the diagnosis of stroke and predicting the motor improvement following stroke. The cortical, cervical and lumbar stimulations were performed in the case of 24 healthy controls and 24 ischemic stroke patients. The central motor conduction time (CMCT) was represented by the difference of latency to a target muscle between after transcranial stimulation and after cervical or lumbar stimulation. There was no case showing no response in controls. But in 11 out of 24 ischemic patients, we could not get cortical MEP. Mean CMCT of abductor pollicis brevis muscle was not significantly different in controls and stroke patients in whom MEPs were recorded. There were significant differences between mean CMCT of normal controls and that of stroke patients showing MEPs in AH Muscle. MEP Results from testing the stroke patients were correlated with site of lesion, degree of motor weakness and motor improvement after 1 to 2 months. These results suggest that magnetic MEP is easy and useful in electrophysiological test of central motor pathway and is useful indicator for representing the motor weakness and predicting the motor outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.