• 아동학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.255-275
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• 2001

본 연구의 목적은 영아프로그램을 수행하면서 실시할 수 있는 1, 2세 학급 영아를 위한 교사 평정용 발달평가도구를 개발하는 것이다. 이 평가도구는 영아프로그램의 일과를 중심으로 대소근육운동, 자조기술, 사회의사소통, 사회정서, 인지영역의 발달을 평가할 수 있도록 총 201문항으로 구성하였다. 전국적으로 어린이집에서 표집된 1245명의 1, 2세 학급 영아를 대상으로 평가문항의 양호도, 신뢰도 타당도를 검증하였다. 내용 타당도는 전문가 집단의 검토결과 타당하게 나타났으며, 신뢰도는 내적 일치도, 평정시간 일치도, 검사-재검사간 일치도가 높게 나타났다. Bayley와의 공인 타당도도 양호하였다. 구인 타당도 분석결과 영아의 발달은 영역별로 뚜렷이 구분되기보다는 통합적 특성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 평가도구의 표준화를 위하여 전국 규준이 원점수와 표준점수로 제시되었다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.37-61
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a preliminary study for developing a Korean version of the Fine Motor Scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, $3^{rd}$ Edition(Bayley-III). The subjects for this study included 313 Korean infants and toddlers aged from 16 days to 42 months and 15 days. The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, the analysis of the degree of item difficulty indicated that the arrangement of the items corresponded with child development by age. Secondly, the analysis of the inter-item consistency, the test-retest reliability and the inter-rater reliability revealed a high degree of reliability of the scale. Thirdly, the Fine Motor Scale of K-Bayley-III score showed a significant high correlation with the Motor composite score but a significant moderate correlation with the Language composite score, providing evidence of its convergent and discriminant validity. This study demonstrated that the preliminary version of the K-Bayley-III Fine Motor Scales can be applied to assess the development of fine motor skills of Korean infants and toddlers.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2010

Objective : The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ- 9) was examined in Korean patients with depressive symptoms. Methods : Eighty six outpatients diagnosed as major depressive disorder or depressive episode of bipolar I disorder according to the DSM-IV criteria were assessed with the PHQ-9, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report (QIDS-SR), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Results : The Cronbach's alpha coefficient from the PHQ-9 was 0.81. And the correlations of each item with the total score were statistically significant (r=0.28-0.70, p<0.01). The test-retest correlation coefficient (r=0.89, p<0.01) was relatively high and correlations of the PHQ-9 with the HDRS, QIDS-SR and CES-D were 0.70, 0.81, and 0.81 respectively. Conclusion : These results demonstrated that the Korean version of PHQ-9 could be a reliable and valid tool for the screening and assessment of depressive patients. The Korean version of PHQ-9 will be a useful tool for screening depressive symptoms in Korea.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

Objective : Recently, there is an increasing trend of attachment to physical appearance of individuals in many persons with spread of social concern through mass communication. Domestically, several studies has been performed, but they were limited to obesity mainly for juveniles or female college students. Therefore, purpose of this study were to standardize Body image dysmorphic disorder examination self report with male and female college students in Cheonnan area. Methods : This study were total 825 college students in Cheonan area. Subject group are consist of 393 males (47.6%) and 427 females (51.8%), and the mean age was $22.28{\pm}3.24$ years old. Results : The BDDE-SR had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=.93) and test-retest (r=.82) and interator reliability. Four factors were extracted by factor analysis with the Varimax rotation. They were 'the camouflage and comparison factor', 'the self-consciousness and negative self-evaluation factor', 'the avoidance factor', and 'the distressing and embarassment factor'. The total score of BDDE-SR was $50.8{\pm}27.1$, female's score ($59.2{\pm}25.5$) was statistically higher than male's score ($41.85{\pm}25.84$). Conclusion : It is considered that BDDE-SR is reliable instrument for body image dissatisfaction, provided correct information in predicting clinical status of Body dysmorphic disorder that is most largely influenced by individual psychologic factor and family system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2777-2782
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• 2013

The aim of the present study was to assess criterion validity and external reliability of a questionnaire on risk factors for breast cancer. Materials and Methods. Women with breast cancer diagnosis (the cases) (N=40) and matched individuals without cancer (the controls) (N=40) were asked to fill in a questionnaire twice: on a day of admission to hospital (Q1) and on a day before discharge (Q2), with a time interval of 4-6 days. The questionnaire included questions (N=150) on demographic and socioeconomic factors, diseases in the past, family history of cancer, woman's health, smoking, alcohol use, diet, physical activity, and work environment. Criterion validity of the questionnaire Q2 relative to reference questionnaire Q1 was assessed with the Spearman correlation coefficient (SCC); external reliability of the questionnaire was measured in terms of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 16. Results. The responses to most of the questions on socioeconomic factors, family history on cancer, female health, lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol use, physical activity) correlated substantially in both the cases and the controls with SCC and ICC>0.7 (p<0.01). Statistically non significant relationships defined only between the responses on amount of beer the cases drank at the ages up to 25 years and 26-35 years as well as time of use of estrogen and estrogens-progestin during menopause by the cases. Moderate and substantial SCC and ICC were determined for different food items. Only the response of the cases on veal consumption did not correlate significantly. Conclusions. The questionnaire on breast cancer risk factors is valid and reliable for most of the questions included.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.257-274
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• 2015

본 연구는 Fetzer/NIA(1999)에서 개발한 다차원적 종교성/영성 척도-단축형(Brief-Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality Scale; BMMRS)의 신뢰도와 타당도를 평가하기 위해서 실시되었다. 대학생, 대학원생과 종교를 믿는 일반 성인 286명을 대상으로 BMMRS 영적 웰빙척도(Spiritual Well-Being Scale, SWS), 한국판 영성 척도(Korean Sprituality Scale, KSS), 펜실베니아 걱정질문지(Penn State Worry Questionnaire, PSWQ), 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족 척도(Intolerance of uncertainty Scale, (IUS)를 실시하였다. BMMRS의 요인구조를 주축분해법, 사각 회전으로 분석한 결과, 기존 연구에서 제안되었던 긍정적 영적 경험, 부정적 영적 경험, 용서, 종교활동, 긍정적인 종교지지, 부정적인 종교지지 6요인 구조가 확인되었고 확인적 요인분석 결과 모형 적합도도 만족할 만한 수준이었다. 각 소척도의 내적일관성(.64~.97)과 검사-재검사 신뢰도(.72~.88) 역시 적절하였다. 이 결과는 한국판 BMMRS가 적절한 심리 측정적 지표를 나타내고 있음을 보여주고 있으며, 이에 향후 영성과 종교성 및 정신건강의 관련성 연구에 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-66
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• 2008

This study has been carried out with the aims of developing a comprehensive inventory of peer relation problems, which is based on the Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex scales (KIIP-C). It also aims to examine reliability and validity of the inventory, and provide a preliminary norms. For the current study, inventory items were culled from the following sources: the Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex scales (KIIP-C), various current scales dealing with peer relations of children, and a survey of children's peer relation problems. The preliminary items for each scale were administered to 220 fourth through sixth graders. The resulting skewness of distribution, kurtosis, mean and standard deviation, item-total correlation, internal consistency, and meanings of the items were comprehensively considered in selecting the final 64 items. In order to check on reliability, internal consistency, convergence and discrimination reliability of the final items and scales, the data were collected from 1,046 fourth through sixth graders currently attending four elementary schools. The study results can be summarized as follows. Internal consistency of the inventory of peer relation problems showed the range between .70-.94 (median value of .75), split-half reliability between .67-.83 (median value of .75), and test-retest reliability between .69-.88 (median value of .81). Inter-correlation of 8 scale scores and factor analysis results of individual ipsative scores showed that the circumplex property of inventory of peer relation problems is appropriate. Regarding correlations between various existing indices and scales related to peer relation problems, both convergence reliability and discrimination reliability were found to be fair. When the scale scores for the inventory of peer relation problems compared according to the factors of gender and grade, the primary effects of gender and grade were statistically meaningful whereas effects of interaction between gender and grade were not. This study can be considered meaningful in that it constructed an inventory for a comprehensive evaluation of peer relation problems specific for children and provided preliminary norms.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.365-370
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• 2016

Background There is a growing concern in the field of aesthetic surgery about the need to measure patients' expectations preoperatively. The present study was designed to develop and validate the Expectations of Aesthetic Rhinoplasty Scale (EARS), and to compare expectations between rhinoplasty patients with and without body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Methods In total, 162 college students and 20 rhinoplasty candidates were recruited. The measures included the newly developed EARS, a measure of psychopathology, and demographics. The DSM-IV structured clinical interview for BDD was used to confirm the diagnosis in rhinoplasty patients. Results The EARS was constructed of six items based on their significant content validity. In the scale development phase, Cronbach's alpha was 0.87. The test-retest reliability coefficient of the scale was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.98) over a four-week period. Scores on the EARS were significantly positively correlated with psychopathological symptoms (r=0.16; P<0.05). Moreover, comparison of EARS scores between BDD (M=25.90, standard deviation [SD]=6.91) and non-BDD rhinoplastic patients (M=15.70, SD=5.27) suggested that BDD patients held significantly higher expectations (P<0.01). Conclusions The expectations of aesthetic rhinoplasty patients toward surgery may play a crucial role in their postoperative satisfaction. While the value of patients' expectations is clinically recognized, no empirical study has measured these expectations in a psychometrically sound manner. The current study developed and validated the EARS. It may be easily used as a valid and reliable instrument in clinical and research settings.

• 감성과학
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2002

뇌기능 장애 환자에서 자세균형 제어능력의 저하는 보행 및 일상생활동작 수행 등에 어려움을 초래하며 이에 대한 정확한 평가 및 치료를 위하여 일상의 환경변화와 유사한 상황을 제공하고 이에 따른 자세균형 조절 능력을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 뇌기능 장애 환자에서 가상적 움직이는 환경에 따른 자세균형 조절 기능을 정확히 평가하고 환경의 움직임이 자세균형 조절에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 15명의 뇌기능 장애 환자들과 정상인 15명을 대상으로 실생활과 유사한 환경의 조성을 위하여 HMD를 이용한 가상 환경 움직임(Virtual Moving Surround)을 네 가지 다른 패턴으로 제공하였다. 자세동요의 정도는 힘판을 이용하여 신체압력중심의 변화를 전체이동거리, 동요주파수, 최대 빈도 COP 위치로 측정하였으며 가상 환경의 차이에 따른 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과 검사 재검사 신뢰도평가에서 일관된 분석결과를 나타냈고 뇌 기능장애 환자와 정상인의 분석에서는 두 그룹간의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 전후로 빠르게 변하는 가상 환경에서 가장 큰 자세동요를 나타내었고 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 뇌기능 장애 환자에서 가상 환경 변화가 자세균형 조절에 미치는 영향을 확인할 수 있었으며 이러한 환자들을 위한 치료와 평가 환경 조성 등에도 유용한 자료로 쓰일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.852-869
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• 1997

This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the reliability and the validity of a questionnaire in order to determine the applicability as a screening tool for estimating environmental exposure and health effects related to air pollution. The questionnaire was developed with adopting some items of others such as ISAAC or ATS-DLD. And then we performed test-retest to 89 middle school students and their mothers at interval of three months. Cohen's Kappa values, weighted Kappa values, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and Pearson's correlation coefficients for each item were computed as reliability coefficients. The validity coefficients and validity coefficient bounds were also obtained by simply using these reliability coefficients. As results, Kappa ranged broadly from 0.10 to 0.61 of the items 'diet', $0.52\sim0.79$ of the environmental tobacco smoke, $0.39\sim0.44$ of the functional categories of surrounding environment, and $0.39\sim0.44$ of the using transportation systems; these items were regarded as confounding factors. For items related to health outcomes, Kappa ranged from -0.02 to 0.37 in the respiratory system of past medical history, and from 0.11 to 0.55 in the current health status. But Kappa of the others were over 0.60. In conclusion, if some items can be corrected or modified, the questionnaire developed in this study can be used as a tool for evaluating environmental exposure and health effects associated with air pollution.