• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.469-478
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• 1999

We propose a Kolmogorov-Smirnov-type test for independence of paired failure times in the presence of independent censoring times. This independent censoring mechanism is often assumed in case-control studies. To do this end, we first introduce a process defined as the difference between the bivariate survival function estimator proposed by Wang and Wells (1997) and the product of the product-limit estimators (Kaplan and Meier (1958)) for the marginal survival functions. Then, we derive its asymptotic properties under the null hypothesis of independence. Finally, we assess the performance of the proposed test by simulations, and illustrate the proposed methodology with a dataset for remission times of 21 pairs of leukemia patients taken from Oakes(1982).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.11 no.3 s.25
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• pp.111-119
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• 1987

The main purposes of the study were to categorize the clothing items into product groups according to their product characteristics, and to find out the differences of consumer perception on clothing Product groups among different age and socioeconomic groups. A questionnaire about characteristics It?as constructed on the basis of Lipton, Darling, and Miracle's theories on product categorisations. The questionnaires were administered to female subjects in two age groups (20's and 40's) living in Seoul. Subjects were classified into 3 socioeconomic groups for the analysis. The Analysis of variance, post-hoc comparisons (Scheffe test and Tuckey test) were employed for the statistical inferences. The results were as follows ; Group I : none Group II : socks, undershirts, T-shirts (20's age group) Group III : blouse, sweater, blue jean, pajama, langerie, T-shirts (40's age group), skirt Group IV : jacket, skirt (high class of 40's age group) two-piece, half coat, long coat, Korean folk costume Group V : none Some of the clothing items were categorized into different product groups by different age and socioeconomic groups.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2004

CAD systems have been developed with network technology and it is needed to exchange product data among them. STEP becomes world-wide international standard to exchange CAD data among various heterogeneous CAD systems in manufacturing industrial fields. We report results to test errors that can happen when exchanging STEP files of product model through the STEP translator of different commercial CAD systems. Also the tests of Korean Character, Hangul, have been carried out. And also we report the STEP rallies held twice in Korea and several rounds abroad, and their testing results are shown as tables and graphs. The tested results can be used for exchanging product models to the next domestic STEP Rally and extended to Northeastem Asian STEP rally by steadily contacting with the organizations for Asian STEP centers such as JSTEP(Japan) and CSTEP(China). Finally we expect that the result can be used to specify STEP standardization in the field of managing product data.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

In this paper, we describe the installation of VLBI Correlation Subsystem (VCS) main product and its performance at the Korea-Japan Correlation Center (KJCC). The VCS main product was installed at KJCC in August 2009. For the overall performance evaluation of VCS, playbacks, Raw VLBI Data Buffer (RVDB) system, and Data Archive (DA) system were installed together. The VCS main product was connected between RVDB and DA, and the correlation results were put into the DA to confirm the normal operation of VCS 16 station mode configuration. The evaluation test was first performed with 4 station mode, same as the factory test of VCS main product. Based on the results of 4 station mode, the same evaluation test was conducted for 16 station mode of VCS. We found that the correlation results of VCS were almost similarly compared to those of the Mitaka FX Correlator. Through the test results, we confirmed that the problems such as spectrum errors, delay parameter processing module and field programmable gate array errors in antenna unit, which were generated at the factory test of VCS main product, were clearly solved. And we verified the performance and connectivity of VCS by obtaining the expected correlation results and we also confirmed that the performance of VCS was sufficient for real VLBI observation data in both 4 and 16 station modes.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

In the case of manufacturing companies, various types of data are collected. Many of these data can be used as useful information for product reliability evaluation. In this study, we first look at data that can be collected by a manufacturing company and related to products, technology, finance, and customers. Next, we will look at the company's business management system, scientific journals, test and marketing survey data, etc., as sources of data. Next, look at what kind of data is collected over the product life cycle to evaluate the reliability of the product. In the development stage of the product, reliability test is performed for each component, and reliability data is collected by performing reliability test at the subsystem and system level. On the other hand, at the manufacturing stage, data on the functional test and the design change test of the product are collected, and at the field stage, the problem of the product is detected in the field and collected in the form of data. Finally, let's look at what you need to do to make a reasonable analysis later in your data collection.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

This study is conducted to verify existing differences in consumer attitude according to distributor type and PB product type. Pre-test was conducted for this study in order to select the distributor and to classify the product type, FGI was conducted with 10 graduate students of K university in Kyong-gi. This study survey housewives, office workers, and university students excluding the participants in the pre-test. In the final analysis, research hypothesis is verified through the data of 280 answers in Korea. This research is conducted with a factor design of 3 types of distributors -department store, discount store, convenience store-and 2 types of product -utilitarian product, hedonic product. To verify the hypotheses, ANOVA is carried out. Reliability test of each measurement variables, Cronbach α coefficient is used. For each analysis, SPSS Windows 15.0 statistical program is used. The findings suggest that First, according to the size and characteristics, distributors are classified into department stores, discount stores, and convenience stores and it is verified whether if there are differences in consumers' attitude (product attitude, brand attitude and purchase intention) by the effect of different distributors. Results showed that product attitude is statistically significant. Second, product type is classified by two categories according to whether the product seeks for practicality or emotional pleasure - Utilitarian product and Hedonic product. In this context, the result after verifying whether if there is difference in the attitudes -product attitude, brand attitude, and purchase intention - in accordance with the product types is shown that utilitarian products makes bigger difference compared to hedonic products. Third, it is confirmed that there is interaction effect between product attitude and purchase intention according to the distributer type and product type. However, we find that in terms of brand attitude, there is no interaction effect. The implications of this research is as the following. First, we propose the need of PB product development and marketing strategy, which considers the product types in accordance with the scale and features of each distributor. Second, PB products should break away from the simplicity of standardized products and consider the different features of distributors. Distributors will be in need of a strategy to build a compelling brand that can differentiate itself from other distributors. This will contribute to the improvement in reliability and formation of product value.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to find purchase appraisal standard and post-purchase satisfaction for natural dyeing products. The data used for this study were collected from the women in their from 20's to 50's who are living in the regions of Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam in Korea. The questionnaire of 537 copies was used for a statistical analysis. To analyze data, 2-test, t-test, Cronbach's a test, factor analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, regression analysis, etc. were carried out. A used statistical package was SPSS 14.0. The analysis results were as follows. The purchase appraisal standards for natural dyeing products were identified as practicality and reliability, suitability of use, symbolic property of status, design property, and convenience of buying. As the analysis result for purchase appraisal standard according to the demographic characteristics, the purchase appraisal standard according to most demographic characteristics showed significant difference. The factors of post-purchase satisfaction for natural dyeing products were verified as product modification and durability, design and price, hygienic property and product quality. As the analysis results of post-purchase satisfaction for natural dyeing products according to demographic characteristics, the post-purchase satisfaction according to demographic characteristics showed significant difference. The factors affecting post-purchase satisfaction were verified as product quality, kinds of item, color change, product lifespan, color change, etc. Consequently, because the purchase appraisal standard of natural dyeing product is very various, it is necessary to enhance post-purchase satisfaction of natural dyeing products by reflecting these factors in advance at the product development stage.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 1997

Ipriflavone is non-hormonal antiosteoporotic drug which inhibits bone resorption by reducing recruitment and/or differentiation of osteoclasts, and stimulates proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast, and also enhances calcitonin secretion in the presence of estrogen. Although some kinds of immediately-released preparation of ipriflavone are available in commercial market, in present study, we tried to formulate sustained-release tablet using coating method with hydrophobic and hydrophilic coating materials. In vitro dissolution test was applied to evaluate sustained-release patterns of several test preparations (Test tablet A, B and C) designed using different preparation method or different compositions. From the results of dissolution test, test tablet A which showed suitable dissolution profile was selected as the candidate of new product. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of test drug, ipriflavone sustained-release tablets, was conducted in 6 beagle dogs weighing $11.5{\pm}0.5\;Kg$ compared with $Theobon^{\circledR}$ tablet, immediately-released tablet (Kukjae Pharm. Co.) as reference drug. Two products were randomly administered to 6 beagle dogs, and after 1 week, cross-over study was conducted. From the present study, AUC and $T_{max}$ of test product were significantly different from those of reference product (p<0.05), respectively$(AUC\;:\;3646.28{\pm}472.56\;vs\;3646.28{\pm}472.56\;ng{\cdot}hr/ml,\;T_{max}\;:\;4.33{\pm}1.03\;vs\;1.42{\pm}0.38\;hr)$. But $C_{max}$ was not significantly different between two products (p>0.05) $(\;512.52{\pm}48.18\;vs\;443.97{\pm}140.53\;ng/ml)$. From the results of pharmacokinetic evaluations, it was noted that absorption amount of test product was increased, but absorption rate was delayed and $C_{max}$ of two products were not changed. And it was concluded that redesign of the sustained-release preparation which has a lower content of iprifavone rather than test tablet A must be considered.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.40-41
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• 2003

The present topic in pharmaceutical industry is to establish Quality Assurance System for medicinal product Therefore, the most important and urgent subject to be solved in the field of the manufacturing industry is to establish, implement and maintain the control system for ensuring uniformity of medicinal product. In case of solid dosage forms for internal use, its quality was controlled by disintegration test, etc but at present bioavailability could be predicted with dissolution test and so the assurance of its uniformity should be prerequistie to preserve suitable dissolution of the manufactured medicinal product. (omitted)

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2019

Purpose - People have long thought that disorderly space would influence their lives negatively. However, disorderly space may have positive impact such as increasing sales for new products for store managers. Borrowing the prior findings that disorderly space enhances creativity, we developed two hypotheses regarding space order, product newness, and new product adoption. We hypothesize that space order negatively influences new product adoption and that the proposed negative effect of space order on new product adoption is moderated by product newness. Research design, data, and methodology - We conducted a pre-test in China using 70 undergraduate students to test whether two newly developed cosmetic products were appropriate for the experimental stimuli. We confirmed that a fragrance patch concept, which is unavailable in the market, is a RNP (Really New Product), and an edible fragrance, which is available in the market, is an INP (Incrementally New Product). Next, we conducted a main experiment with a 2 (Space order: orderly vs. disorderly) × 2 (Product newness: RNP vs. INP) between-subjects design in China using 100 undergraduate students. Half of the participants answered questions on the disorderly desk and the other half answered questions on the orderly desk. Results - We obtained evidence from the main experiment that consumers' new product adoption is the function of space order and product newness. First, participants were more likely to adopt the RNP when they were in the disorderly space than in the orderly space. However, the effect of space order on new product adoption disappeared when the product was INP; the adoption rates for the INP did not differ between the participants who answered questions on the disorderly desk and the participants who did so on the orderly desk. Conclusions - Our findings are counter intuitive. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that neat and tidy space benefits store managers, the research demonstrated that disorderly space increases sales, providing fresh insights into store managers to manage their stores and shops to sell new products. In order to help store visitors understand the value of really new products, store managers will have to sacrifice space order to some extent.