• Title/Summary/Keyword: Test path

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Indoor Path Recognition Based on Wi-Fi Fingerprints

  • Donggyu Lee;Jaehyun Yoo
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.91-100
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    • 2023
  • The existing indoor localization method using Wi-Fi fingerprinting has a high collection cost and relatively low accuracy, thus requiring integrated correction of convergence with other technologies. This paper proposes a new method that significantly reduces collection costs compared to existing methods using Wi-Fi fingerprinting. Furthermore, it does not require labeling of data at collection and can estimate pedestrian travel paths even in large indoor spaces. The proposed pedestrian movement path estimation process is as follows. Data collection is accomplished by setting up a feature area near an indoor space intersection, moving through the set feature areas, and then collecting data without labels. The collected data are processed using Kernel Linear Discriminant Analysis (KLDA) and the valley point of the Euclidean distance value between two data is obtained within the feature space of the data. We build learning data by labeling data corresponding to valley points and some nearby data by feature area numbers, and labeling data between valley points and other valley points as path data between each corresponding feature area. Finally, for testing, data are collected randomly through indoor space, KLDA is applied as previous data to build test data, the K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm is applied, and the path of movement of test data is estimated by applying a correction algorithm to estimate only routes that can be reached from the most recently estimated location. The estimation results verified the accuracy by comparing the true paths in indoor space with those estimated by the proposed method and achieved approximately 90.8% and 81.4% accuracy in two experimental spaces, respectively.

Effect of Traditional Balance Training on Balance in Older Adults (전통적 균형훈련이 노인의 균형능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Seung-Eun;Bae, Sung-Soo;Kim, Soo-Min;Kim, Chul-Yong;Song, Joo-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.77-92
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    • 2006
  • Purpose : This study was to evaluate the effect of traditional balance training on balance in older adults. Methods : The subjects of this study were thirty elderly over 65 years old. Thirty subjects ranging aged from 66 to 85($74.0{\pm}5.83$) completed the study and participated three times a week for 5weeks. Subjects were assessed by utilizing two different balance measure : Static standing balance was measured by balance performance monitor(BPM). Dynamic balance was measured by timed up and go test(TUG). The scale for static standing balance was measured by using frequence(Hz), sway area($mm^2$), sway path(mm), max sway velocity(mm/s), ant/post sway angle($^{\circ}$), left/right sway angle($^{\circ}$), and sway number. Results : The change in frequency were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 2. The change in sway area were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test (P<.05), 3. The change in sway path were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 4. The change in max sway velocity were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test (P<.05), 5. The change in ant/post sway angle were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test (P<.05), 6. The change in left/right sway angle were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 7. The change in sway number were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 8. The score on timed up and go test shows statistically significant increase on pre-test and post-test (P<.05). Conclusion : This study suggest that traditional balance training have an effect on balance performance ability for elderly people. Therefore, the traditional balance training is recommended for older adults to improve balance performance ability.

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Tele-test Systems for ASIC Design (ASIC 설계를 위한 원격 테스트 시스템)

  • 윤도현;강성호
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 1999.11a
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    • pp.939-942
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    • 1999
  • In this paper, Tele-Test System for ASIC Design is constructed. It consists of the server, and the clients. The server and clients are implemented by Java. Using Java RMI system, the remote access via information network is implemented. In this Tele-test system, fault simulation, test pattern compaction, test pattern generation, and path-delay fault test generation services are implemented. All service can be peformed parallel by network access.

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New Weight Generation Algorithm for Path Delay Fault Test Using BIST (내장된 자체 테스트에서 경로 지연 고장 테스트를 위한 새로운 가중치 계산 알고리듬)

  • Hur, Yun;Kang, Sung-Ho
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.72-84
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    • 2000
  • The test patterns for path delay faults consist of two patterns. So in order to test the delay faults, a new weight generation algorithm that is different from the weight generation algorithm for stuck-at faults must be applied. When deterministic test patterns for weight calculation are used, the deterministic test patterns must be divided into several subsets, so that Hamming distances between patterns are not too long. But this method makes the number of weight sets too large in delay testing, and may generate inaccurate weights. In this pater, we perform fault simulation without pattern partition. Experimental results for ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits prove the effectiveness of the new weight generation algorithm proposed in this paper.

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Gastric juice and Realgar and Orpiment Mineral Medicine Reaction; Reaction Path and Speciation Modeling in Human Body (웅황과 자황의 소화 반응과 인체내 존재형태에 대한 예측 모델링)

  • Kim Sun Ok;Park Maeng Eon;Shin Soon Shik;Kim Gyeang Cheol
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.365-372
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    • 2002
  • The mineral medicines mean a sort of mineral or rock for medical treatment and natural material using their chemical components and physical properties. In this study, it was apprehended the mineralogical characteristics of As-bearing group mineral medicines. The extraction test is an vitro test system for predicting the bioavailability of the major and minor elements from mineral medicines and incorporates gastrointestinal tract parameters representative of a human(including stomach and small intestinal pH, stomach mixing time and velocity). The results of the extraction test are used for reaction path modeling in human body. Reaction path modeling in human body can predict digestion with gastric juice as well as bioavailability, speciation. Also, it can predict accumulation of arsenic as pH condition. As the results of the extraction test for digestion, the amounts of Fe extraction was the highest, followed by As, Ca, Ni. In addition, as the results of the reaction path modeling between arsenic compounds and gastric juice using thermodynamic data, when absorbed, major species are followed by H₃As₃S/sub 6/(aq), As₃S/sub 6/ (aq), AsO/sup +/, H₂As₃S/sup 6-/, H₂AsO/sup 3-/, HAs₃S6/sup 2-/, HAsO/sub 3//sup 2-/ and AsO/sub 3//sup 3-/. Specifically the concentration of H₃As₃S/sub 6/(aq) is the highest. As pH increases, the concentration of H₂AsO/sup 3-/, HAsO/sub 3//sup 2-/, HAsO/sub 3//sup 3-/, HAs₃S/sub 6//sup 2-/, H₂As₃S/sup 6-/, and H₃As₃S/sub 6/ increases, whereas the concentration of H₃As₃S/sub 6/ and AsO/sup +/ decreases. On the results of this study, it is able to find out effective and toxic components of poisonous arsenic group of mineral medicines and expected to be widely used for the development of new medicines.

Realtime Generation of Grid Map for Autonomous Navigation Using the Digitalized Geographic Information (디지털지형정보 기반의 실시간 자율주행 격자지도 생성 연구)

  • Lee, Ho-Joo;Lee, Young-Il;Park, Yong-Woon
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.539-547
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, a method of generating path planning map is developed using digitalized geographic information such as FDB(Feature DataBase). FDB is widely used by the Army and needs to be applied to all weapon systems of newly developed. For the autonomous navigation of a robot, it is necessary to generate a path planning map by which a global path can be optimized. First, data included in FDB is analyzed in order to identify meaningful layers and attributes of which information can be used to generate the path planning map. Then for each of meaningful layers identified, a set of values of attributes in the layer is converted into the traverse cost using a matching table in which any combination of attribute values are matched into the corresponding traverse cost. For a certain region that is gridded, i.e., represented by a grid map, the traverse cost is extracted in a automatic manner for each gird of the region to generate the path planning map. Since multiple layers may be included in a single grid, an algorithm is developed to fusion several traverse costs. The proposed method is tested using a experimental program. Test results show that it can be a viable tool for generating the path planning map in real-time. The method can be used to generate other kinds of path planning maps using the digitalized geographic information as well.

Effect of glide path preparation with PathFile and ProGlider on the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne nickel-titanium files

  • Uslu, Gulsah;Inan, Ugur
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.22.1-22.8
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glide path preparation with PathFile and ProGlider nickel-titanium (NiTi) files on the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne NiTi files. Materials and Methods: Forty-four WaveOne Primary files were used and divided into four groups (n = 11). In the first group (0 WaveOne), the WaveOne Primary files served as a control group and were not used on acrylic blocks. In the 1 WaveOne Group, acrylic blocks were prepared using only WaveOne Primary files, and in the PF+WaveOne group and PG+WaveOne groups, acrylic blocks were first prepared with PathFile or ProGlider NiTi files, respectively, followed by the use of WaveOne Primary files. All the WaveOne Primary files were then subjected to cyclic fatigue testing. The number of cycles to failure was calculated and the data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey honest significant difference multiple-comparison test at a 5% significance level. Results: The highest number of cycles to failure was found in the control group, and the lowest numbers were found in the 1 WaveOne group and the PF+WaveOne group. Significant differences were found among the 1 WaveOne, PF+WaveOne, and control groups (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the PG+WaveOne group and the other three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Glide path preparation with NiTi rotary files did not affect the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne Primary files used on acrylic blocks.

A Study on Employment Path of Vocational Instructors Using Sequential Analysis (순차분석을 활용한 직업능력개발훈련교사의 입직경로 분석)

  • Kim, Min-Jeong;Lee, Young-Min
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.78-89
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to identify the employment path of vocational instructors using sequential analysis. By grasping the employment path in detail, the study presents implications for implementing support measures for systematic preparation for employment. In particular, the study presents the relationship of the vocational instructor's employment path in stages through frequency analysis, conversion probability analysis, significance test, and conversion status diagram of each employment path. For the analysis, the survey results of the vocational instructors working at private vocational training institutions were used. In conclusion, (i) as for the frequency of past experience for employment as a vocational instructor, the share of work experience, teaching training, and teaching experience was large. (ii) In the employment path stage, work experience, teaching training, and teaching experience had the greatest influence on the transition to the later stage. (iii) The prominent employment path for vocational instructors was "work experience-teaching experience-teaching training." Based on the conclusions, the study proposes a plan for systematic employment of vocational instructors.

Characteristics of Closed Circuit Cooling Tower with Multi Path on Cooling Water Inlet Conditions (냉각수 변화에 따른 멀티패스 밀폐식 냉각탑의 성능)

  • Shim, Gyu-Jin;Baek, Seung-Moon;Moon, Choon-Geun;Yoon, Jung-In;Kim, Eun-Pil;Kwon, O-Ick
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.597-602
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    • 2008
  • The experiment of performance about closed-wet cooling tower(CWCT) was conducted in this study. The test section has the cooling water that flows from top part of a heat exchanger that has an entrance of cooling water with one and multi path. The heat exchanger consists of 15.88mm tubes with ten rows and ten columns and staggered arrangement. In this experiment, heat and mass transfer coefficients and range are calculated with variations of cooling water and path. The results indicated that operating CWCT using two path have the high values of heat and mass transfer coefficients and range than one path.

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The Effect of Photoluminescent Exit Path Markings in Evacuation from Buildings (건축물 내에서 축광유도타일이 피난에 미치는 영향)

  • Hur, Man-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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    • v.5 no.3 s.18
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2005
  • This study is intended to examine the effect of photoluminescent exit path markings in the event of failure of both the power and back-up power to the lighting and illuminated exit sign. To achieve the purpose, the test house was exhibited in Fire EXPO '05. 520 visitors were examined from May 26-29, 2005. The results of this study are as follows; The evacuation from buildings in dark conditions showed that 70% of men and 72% of women were crawled along the wall. Meanwhile, 88% of men and 83% of women were evacuated with ordinary walking in photoluminescent exit path markings. The photoluminescent exit path markings located on public buildings floors will aid in evacuation from buildings in the event of failure of the power to the lightings and illuminated exit signs.