• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.27-40
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• 2022

Purpose: Research on job crafting has thus far focused on how alter job demand and resources behaviors relate to employee task performance. However, job crafting behaviors do not necessarily have an impact only on task performance, but also on employees' contextual performance, a phenomenon that has little research in job crafting research. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of job crafting on task performance or contextual performance and the mediating effect of work engagement between them in the Chinese context. Research design, data and methodology: In order to achieve the above research goals and test the proposed hypotheses, we used a cross-sectional design and a self-administered questionnaire to collect quantitative data from September 8, 2021 to September 27, 2021 among knowledge workers in Shandong Province various financial companies and finally analyzed 211 questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and research model analysis were performed using SPSS 25.0 Version and AMOS 27.0 Version to test the developed hypotheses. Results: The results are as follows; firstly, the study showed that job crafting of employees had a significant positive impact on task performance and contextual performance. Secondly, the higher job crafting of employees, the higher their work engagement. Thirdly, this study showed that work engagement of employees had a positive impact on task performance and contextual performance. Fourthly, we predicted and found that work engagement of employees had a positive mediating effect between job crafting and task performance and a positive mediating effect between job crafting and contextual performance. Overall, this study showed that the proactive job crafting behaviors of employees enhance their engagement for their work, which in turn improves task performance and contextual performance. Conclusions: This paper develops job crafting research by exploring the positive impact of job crafting on employees' task performance or contextual performance through their work engagement. It also proposes that both job crafting behaviors and work engagement are important approaches to improve employees' task performance or contextual performance. Practical implications for organizations, such as increasing employee' work engagement, as well as the limitations and suggestions are concluded for the future research directions.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated whether parenting stress, work-family conflict, resilience affect retention intent in Korean nurses returning to work after parental leave. Methods: The participants in this study were 111 nurses recruited from 10 hospitals in Korea, who were working after formal parental leave from their hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression. Results: Retention intention (33.80±7.78), parenting stress (101.70±17.57), and resilience (85.02±12.75) were at greater than moderate levels and a midpoint level of work-family conflict (29.63±7.00) was noted in this sample of mostly women nurses in their 30s. The factors affecting retention intent were parental leave duration, the number of times that participants had taken parental leave, health condition, work-family conflict, and resilience. The total explanatory power of these variables was 36.7%. Retention intent had a negative correlation with parenting stress and work-family conflict. Conversely, retention intent was positively correlated with resilience. Conclusion: This study supports the need for flexible adjustment of returning nurses' working hours and family-friendly policies to promote balance between work and family. It is also necessary to develop and apply measures that boost resilience and support health improvement for nurses returning to work.As nurses are often assigned to new areas of work upon return, training programs to aid their adjustment may also be helpful.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2013

Objectives: As quality of work-life (QWL) among nurses affects both patient care and institutional standards, assessment regarding QWL for the profession is important. Work-related Quality of Life Scale (WRQOLS) is a reliable QWL assessment tool for the nursing profession. To develop a Chinese version of the WRQOLS-2 and to examine its psychometric properties as an instrument to assess QWL for the nursing profession in China. Methods: Forward and back translating procedures were used to develop the Chinese version of WRQOLS-2. Six nursing experts participated in content validity evaluation and 352 registered nurses (RNs) participated in the tests. After a two-week interval, 70 of the RNs were retested. Structural validity was examined by principal components analysis and the Cronbach's alphas calculated. The respective independent sample t-test and intra-class correlation coefficient were used to analyze known-group validity and test-retest reliability. Results: One item was rephrased for adaptation to Chinese organizational cultures. The content validity index of the scale was 0.98. Principal components analysis resulted in a seven-factor model, accounting for 62% of total variance, with Cronbach's alphas for subscales ranging from 0.71 to 0.88. Known-group validity was established in the assessment results of the participants in permanent employment vs. contract employment (t = 2.895, p < 0.01). Good test-retest reliability was observed (r = 0.88, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The translated Chinese version of the WRQOLS-2 has sufficient validity and reliability so that it can be used to evaluate the QWL among nurses in mainland China.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-35
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• 1993

This study was designed to devise work wear for plastic house worker. It was carried out (1) research on the clothing actual condition through interviewings with plastic house worker and observations, (2) thermal manikin test to measure thermal resistance of experimental clothes and (3) clothing comparing test in the laboratory and in the plastic house. In the laboratory experiment, it was choosen general type (A) and new devised types (B, C) made of microporous fabric for experimental clothes. Experimental clothes were made of 6 combinations including 3 type work wears (A, B, C) and 2 type underwears (1, 2). In the plastic house experiment, it was choosen general types of A (without rest place) and B (with rest place), and devised type C (with rest place), which was appeared good effect in the laboratory experiment. The results were as followings. 1. Work environment of the plastic house in summer and winter was very different from the outer environment. Work motion in the plastic house was burden to the plastic house workers. 2. Plastic house workers had on the general type's work wear. 3. As a result of thermal manikin test, thermal resistance was appeared B1>B2>C2>C1>A1>A2 in orders. 4. In the laboratory experiment, experimental clothes A was appeared smaller burden than B, C. Effect of mesh underwear was not appeared in this study condition. In subjective sensation, experimental clothes C was lower vote than A. Therefore experimental clothes C was superior to A in subjective wearing sensation. 5. In the plastic house experiment, the experimental conditions with rest place were appeared smaller burden than without rest place. General type B was appeared more positive physiological reactions than devised type C but significances between two types was not appeared.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.332-339
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• 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale for Turkish nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional, methodological study design was used. The study was carried out at three nursing undergraduate programs in Turkey during the academic year of 2020-2021 with 336 senior nursing students. Language validity and content validity analyses were performed for the scale adaptation, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct validity. The reliability of the scale was determined using the test-retest and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. Results: The scale-content validity index score was 0.988. In CFA, all goodness-of-fit indices verified the acceptable fit of the model; its root mean square error of approximation was 0.076; the normed fit index was 0.909; the standardized mean square residual was 0.097; the relative fit index was 0.881; the goodness-of-fit index was 0.915; the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872 and χ²/df = 2.932. The overall reliability was α = 0.86. The item-total correlations of the scale were above the acceptable level, and the test-retest analysis had a high correlation. The access to healthcare (14.68, SD 3.53) obtained the highest average score, and the adequate compensation (8.52, SD 3.76) was the lowest rated by the senior nursing students. Conclusion: The Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale is a valid and reliable scale to assess nursing students' future decent work securement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1991

Exposure level of respirable coal dust of underground coal mines in Taebaek area was evaluated. Personal air samplers with 10-mm nylone cyclones were attached to the coal workers including drillers, coal cutters, their assistants, haulers, and separators. Log-normality of respirable dust exposure concentration were tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov one-sample test. Differences of means of respirable dust exposure concentration between work sites were tested by one-way ANOVA test and multiple comparison(Scheffe) test. And differences of respirable dust exposure concentration of principal and assistant workers in drilling sites and in coal faces were tested by paired t-test. Relation of respirable dust exposure concentration for the principal workers and their assistants in drilling sites and in coal faces were tested by regression analysis. The results were as follows : 1. All of the respirable dust concentration were log-normally distributed. 2. There were not only significantly different means of exposure concentration between drillers and coal cutters but between coal cutters and haulers. 3. Means of exposure concentration of drillers and drilling assistants were not significantly different. And means of exposure concentration of coal cutters and coal cutting assistants were not different.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2015

Although permeating injection is ideal for grouting reservoir embankments, it is usually combined with fracturing injection for grouting, which can disturb the original soil. Compaction with low expansive pressure followed by grout injection can overcome this problem. An expansive compaction (EC) packer was developed in this work to easily apply sequential injection and compaction at a work site. Furthermore, to achieve compaction around the grouting hole, a mixture of expansive admixtures and grout was injected with the EC packer to trigger an increase in volume of the grout material. This work verifies the compaction effect of the EC packer and the expansive admixture. It reports the concepts of the EC packer, the range of expansive compaction, the effectiveness of injection, and the results of indoor tests performed to verify the effectiveness of the expansive admixtures. The indoor testing comprised a preparatory test and the main test. The preparatory test assessed the admixtures for their compaction effects, while the main test measured and analyzed the admixtures' expansive force, pressure, and compaction effect with a mold to verify the effectiveness of the compaction effect.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2018

RC (Reinforced Concrete) members are always subjected to loading conditions and have construction joints when constructed on a big scale. Service life for RC structure exposed to chloride attack is usually estimated through chloride diffusion test in sound concrete, however the test is performed without consideration of effect of loading and joint. In the present work, chloride diffusion coefficient is measured in concrete cured for 1 year. In order to evaluate the effect of applied load, cold joint, and mineral admixtures, OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) and 40%-replaced GGBFS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) concrete are prepared. The diffusion test is performed under loading conditions for concrete containing cold joint. Investigating the previous test results for 91 days-cured condition and the present work, changing diffusion coefficients with applied stress are normalized considering material type and cold joint. For evaluation of service life in RC continuous beam with 2 spans, non-linear analytical model is adopted, and service life in each location is evaluated considering the effects of applied stress, cold joint, and GGBFS. From the work, varying service life is simulated under various loading conditions, and the reduced results due to cold joint and tensile zone are quantitatively evaluated. The effect of various conditions on diffusion can provide more quantitative evaluation of chloride behavior and the related service life.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.152-160
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of elastic band based of PNF pattern on the U/E function in the spinal cord injury patient. 11 subjects with spinal cord injury participated in this study. They took elastic band excercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks. One time excercise spent 35minutes. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by Cybex 6000, BTE Work Simulator, how many seconds they needed to walk 100 meters. 11 cases were examined before, after 8 week, elastic band excercise. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Isokinetic power by Cybex 6000 : The elbow flexion, shoulder flexion and extension were significant difference between test-retest(p<.05). but elbow extension were not significant difference between test-retest. 2. BTE Work Simulator : Wheelchair Propulsion and Steering Torque were significant difference between test-retest(p<.05). 3. Wheelchair Propulsion velocity : There were significant difference between test-retest(p<.05). The findings suggest that SCI patients can improve their Isokinetic power on shoulder and elbow joint, wheelchair propulsion and Steering Torque by BTE Work Simulator, Wheelchair Propulsion velocity through elastic band based of PNF pattern.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of an alternative input device on the patient's work performance and satisfaction in patients with cerebral palsy who cannot use computers. Design: Case Series Description. Methods: The participant was one adult cerebral palsy. The three tasks were applied with an alternative input device (Quick-Glance), 1 session an hour, 3 times a week, a total of 12 times for 4 weeks. The assessment was using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The evaluation was performed pre-test before the intervention, post-test after the last intervention, and follow-up after one month. Results: The COPM(Satisfaction and performance scores) showed 3 points for pre-test, 7 points for post-test, and 7 points for follow-up. Conclusion: Purposeful computer work activity, which is an alternative input device, has a positive effect on work performance and satisfaction of cerebral palsy patients who are difficult to use computer.