• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.158-165
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• 2014

The statistics of occupational injuries and illnesses is one of the most important indicators of worker's safety and health in the field of occupational safety and health. The conventional statistics was produced without consideration of gender difference. This study was planned to investigate the difference of occupational injuries and illnesses by gender because that recently female workers was increased through the change of industrial structure such as from manufacturing dominated to service dominated structure. Statistics of occupational injuries and illnesses collected by workmen's compensation insurance system that have no information about gender composition of population. Economically active population survey was used to calculated the rate of occupational injuries and illnesses by gender. The distribution of estimated rate of occupational injuries and illnesses by industry, occupation and the type of accident were different between male and female employees, but those by the size of enterprise, age of the injured, the duration of the first recuperation, and job tenure were similar between male and female employees. This study has shown that gender sensitive approach may be applied to policy of occupational safety and health because that gender neutral perspective may not discover the fact of gender specific problems.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.289-297
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• 1997

Work-related low back pain(below LBP) is one of the major cause of morbidity, disability, limitation of activity and economic loss. Therefore the work-related LBP is one of the major issue in the field of industrial safety and health. This study was performed for detecting the risk factors and proposing the effective control programs of work-related LBP. The subjects were male workers employed at the welding and metal factory. The data was collected by self-reported questionnaire, interview and checking abdomen muscular and grasping power for two days on October, 1993. The contents of questionnaire were as follow: the experience of LBP, general characteristics, physical characteristics, employment status, type of work and working environment. The number of cases was 104 with a history of work-related LBP, so the prevalence of work-related LBP was 35.0%, and the number of controls was 140 without any history of LBP. As a result, marital status, educational level, abdomen muscular power, tenure, category of job, satisfaction of job, working posture, satisfaction for table and chair and lifting materials showed a statistical significance between the case and control groups. 284 Lifting jobs were quantified by NIOSH lifting equation method and ergonomic computer modelling methods. There were no significant differences in the action limit and disc compression force between group with LBP and without LBP. But in the lifting frequency and cumulative disc compression force there were significant differences. Therefore work-related LBP should be prevented by the ergonomic and environmental control.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.27-35
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze the housing satisfaction of 55 years and older (55+) single-person householders in U.S. urban communities with the 2011 American Housing Survey Data. Single-person householders younger than 55 years of age (55-) were used as a reference group. Housing Adjustment Theory was used to develop a research framework to depict the relationships of housing satisfaction (dependent variable) with demographic and housing variables (independent variables). The regression analysis revealed that age, health status, government income, race, gender, age of house, housing quality, neighborhood, structure type, and tenure status had a significant effect on housing satisfaction levels of both those aged 55- and 55+. However, for the cohort of 55+, education, census region, housing affordability, and structure size also affected their housing satisfaction. Neighborhood satisfaction had the strongest effect on housing satisfaction of both groups. These variables were discussed in terms of resources and constraints contributing to their housing satisfaction. This study highlights the present and future housing trends and challenges of U.S. single householders in U.S. urban communities.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.225-240
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to find the main factor which influences the housing satisfaction of elderly who lives alone or with spouse and to make it sure that housing satisfaction is an important factor to life satisfaction of elderly. The specific purpose of this study is as follows; 1) How does the locus of control of elderly influence a housing satisfaction\ulcorner 2) How does the housing characteristics of elderly influence on the housing satisfaction and this relationship has any difference between urban and rural area. 3) Which variables influence upon the housing satisfaction and life satisfaction of elderly and how much do they influence \ulcorner The locus of control scale, housing satisfaction scale. life satisfaction scale were composed on the basis of precedent researches. For this study 202 elderly sho live in urban and rural area ere interviewed. To analyze the data, such as F-test, t-test, two-way ANOVA, Multiple regression analysis were used with SPSS program. The results are as follows; 1) The interrelation between locus of control and housing satisfaction is as follows. Namely , if he believes in his deeds and will rater than his fate, he feels more housing satisfaction. 2)the housing satisfaction of the elderly was found to be influenced by location, Namely, the elderly living in the urban area feels more housing satisfaction, especially he lives in apartment and unshared house. On the contrary, the elderly living in the rural area was not affected by housing type and the number of household who live together, The housing satisfaction of the elderly living in the rural area or the urban area equally influenced by the housing tenure, heating system, bathroom facility, flush toilet, and convenient service form the outside. 3) The main factoers which influence the housing satisfaction of the single household elderly are bathroom facility louse of control and income. When we concern about the location in urban area the housing satisfaction of the elderly were mainly influenced by income, but in the rural area, they were influenced by the service facility from the outside. As a Conclusion, the main factor which influenced life satisfaction of the elderly proved to be housing satisfaction inn both rural and urban area.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.5-26
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC) . One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual difference of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the surrent status of EUC and the relationship between individualdifferences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives : 1) what is the characteristics of EC strategy of Korean firms , 2) what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean firms, 3) what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users using computer 4) what are the application a areas of EUC 5) How end-users are satisfied with the support of firms, 6) what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also found that individual differences of endf-users are related to EUC success.More specifically , it was shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education , higher ran아 and organizational tenure, higher math ability , thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individuaal difference variables accounted for 14%, 25% 39% and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome , satisfaction for ability , frequency of computer use, and thenuber of tasks, respectively. These empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC , such as education, training, support, and human resource management , to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.65-82
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• 1998

This study was carried out in order to confirm the reliability and validity of the commitment inventory developed by Meyer and Allen, and to investigate commitment level of health manager, to compare two different professionals of health manager such as industrial health nurse and industrial hygienist to find out some characteristics that have effect on commitment. This survey was done by self-administered questionnaire to 227 respondents as the trainees of Industrial Safety Training Center, KISCO from June to December 1996. Authors classified commitment into two categories ; professional commitment and organizational commitment, and these two types of commitments have three different aspects ; affective, continuance, and normative commitment based on Meyer's inventory. The results were as follows; 1. Items of whole scales of the both type of commitments have three factors that represent three aspects of commitment ; affective, continuance, and normative commitment. This means that each type of commitment was reliable to use as measurement tool of three different aspects of commitment. Classification of items by factor analysis was more consistent in professional commitment than organizational commitment. Among 16 items of organizational commitment, four items were classified into different aspects of commitment with similar factor loading. 2. Commitment level of industrial health nurse was higher than that of industrial hygienist in affective, continuance professional commitment controlled by other characteristics. These differences can be due to other characteristics of specific task and background of health managers that were not used in this study. 3. The level of affective professional commitment was statistically different in age, sex, educational level, and that of organizational commitment was statistically different in only two variables such as age, and job tenure. The level of continuance professional and organizational commitments were different in sex group, but past history of employment have effect on continuance organizational commitment. The level of normative organizational commitment was affected by only age. As the above results, the tools of measurement of commitment developed by Meyer and Allen can be useful to measure the level of commitment of health manager. Three aspects of two types of commitments were influenced by different characteristics of health manager. Authors suggested future study on the affecting variables to the commitment such as background, task of health manager and organizational characteristics.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2022

This paper estimates the demand of newly married couples for public rental housing in Chungnam. This research attempts to overcome data limitations by linking survey data with administrative data for analysis. First, the results of a binary logit model that analyzes newly married couples' intention to move into public rental housing, based on the Chungnam Social Survey 2019, reveal that residential location, educational level, housing type, and tenure type have a statistically significant effect. By combining the estimated coefficients with another dataset, the statistics of newly married couples for administration purposes acquired from Statistics Korea, this research estimates the demand for public rental housing among the newly married couples in Chungnam. The estimation results show that the total demand for public rental housing in Chungnam is 11,424 units among 43,705 newly married couples. The total demand of 21,685 newly married couples who occupy rental housing is estimated to be 9,436 units. The policy for providing public rental housing to newly married couples in Chungnam aims to increase their fertility rates. Hence, further research should be followed up to evaluate the effect of the supply of public rental housing on fertility rates. Also, a research method should be developed to control for possible endogeneity between the demand for public rental housing and childbirths.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.323-335
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• 2017

Recently, Korea is facing a trend of a fast-paced change towards a multi-cultural society, accompanied by the consequential increase in population and many changes in the peripheral environment. Particularly, the influx of multi-cultural families in Ansan City is increasing every year, but their housing environment remains in poor conditions. Actually, the research on housing policy for multi-cultural families and their housing satisfaction is restrictive. It is therefore necessary to research on how to overcome this problem, and what realistic policy alternatives are required. The purpose of this study is to present some policy alternatives to improve the housing satisfaction of the Korean-Chinese residing in Ansan City. To this end, this study conducted empirical analysis with a focus on Korea-Chinese multi-cultural families living in Ansan City through a questionnaire. As the analysis method, this study conducted frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, cross analysis, and regression analysis, and used the statistical package-SPSS 20.0 as an analysis tool. As a result of the research, first, it was found that their awareness of the government housing policy is insufficient; second, they had a lot more hardships in housing due to the problem of the rising house prices caused by urban development & regeneration; third, in terms of housing tenure type, there was a higher proportion of a lease on a deposit basis and monthly rent than owner-occupied housing. Hence, this study drew the conclusion that the Korean-Chinese multi-cultural family's housing environment needs to be improved and policy support is required for Korean-Chinese. In addition, this study gives great significance in providing these research results as basic materials which make it possible to inquire into mutually reciprocal practice plan and strategic alternatives for a multi-cultural families from now on.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.181-200
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• 2020

This study used the OLS model to estimate the determinants affecting the tenure of a home and then compared the predictive power of each model with SVM, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, XGBooest and LightGBM. There is a difference from the preceding study in that the Stacking model, one of the ensemble models, can be used as a base model to establish a more predictable model to identify the volume of housing transactions in the housing market. OLS analysis showed that sales profits, housing prices, the number of household members, and the type of residential housing (detached housing, apartments) affected the period of housing ownership, and compared the predictability of the machine learning model with RMSE, the results showed that the machine learning model had higher predictability. Afterwards, the predictive power was compared by applying each machine learning after rebuilding the data with the influencing variables, and the analysis showed the best predictive power of Random Forest. In addition, the most predictable Random Forest, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting, and XGBooost models were applied as individual models, and the Stacking model was constructed using Linear, Ridge, and Lasso models as meta models. As a result of the analysis, the RMSE value in the Ridge model was the lowest at 0.5181, thus building the highest predictive model.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.55-92
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• 2010

In terms of labor market accomplishments, such as income, size of the company, and the matching quality between one's job and college major (specialization), a very large discrepancy is observed between the graduates from colleges located in Seoul and those outside Seoul. But, when the department average score of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) at the time of college entrance is controlled for, the discrepancy is found to be reduced to a considerable degree. In the case of wage gap, at least two third can be explained by the SAT score gap. The remaining wage gap seems to reflect the characteristics of workplace. In other words, graduates with high SAT scores enter colleges located in Seoul and thus tend to find better jobs leading to earning differences. This result that confirms the importance of aptitude test scores suggests that in the labor market, one of the major reasons behind a lower accomplishment of the graduate from local colleges is due to a lower competitiveness of local colleges in attracting the brightest students. But, this should not be viewed as only an internal problem of local colleges. This is because the growth of local economies tends to haul the advancement of local colleges in that area rather than being the other way around. The agglomeration effect in Seoul where headquarters of large corporations and financial institutions gather is the factor that has elevated the status of colleges located in Seoul since this provides highly preferred job choices of graduates. When the competitiveness of college is significantly influenced by exogenous factors, such as the vicinity to Seoul, the effort being made by colleges alone would not be enough to improve the situation. However, the central government, too, is not in the position to carry out countermeasure policies for such problems. The regional development strategy boosted through supportive policies for local colleges, such as financial support, is not based on the persuasive and empirical grounds. It is true that college education is universal and that the government''s intervention in assisting local colleges to secure basic conditions, such as tenure faculty and adequate facilities is necessary. However, the way of intervention should not be a support-only type. In order to improve the efficiency and effect of financial support, restructuring programs, including the merger and integration of insolvent colleges, should be underway prior to providing support. In addition, when the policy is focused on education recipients-local college students, and not on education providers-local colleges, the importance of regional gap in compulsory education (elementary and junior high schools) turns out to be much important as the gap between metropolitan area colleges and local colleges. Considering the educational gap before college entrance shown from the discrepancies of aptitude test scores among different regions, the imbalance between regions in terms of human resources is apparently derived from compulsory education, and not from college education. Therefore, there is a need to double the policy efforts to reduce the educational gap among different regions. In addition, given the current situation where it is difficult to find appropriate ex post facto policy measures to solve the problem of income gap between the graduates from metropolitan colleges and local colleges, it can be said that improving the environment for compulsory education in local areas is a growing necessity for bridging the educational gap among different regions.