• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.339-342
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• 2017

Geometric transform of an image is used to image correction. Ridid-Body, Simlilary transform, etc, many correction methods are exist in computer vision. Image warping is used to correction for image with perspective. To image warping I extracted 4 feature point about warping position. But It is difficult to extract 4 points accurately and warping result with these point is occurs error over 3 or 4 pixel at warping position. So I used template matching to extract 4 points correctly and selected repeatedly 2 points of 4 points because to confirm result correctly. positions of 2 points are changed in near of 3 by 3 pixel and warped each change. So I selected optimal 4 points with a error of less than 1 pixel and finally, warped image using optimal points. For this way is possible to obtain optimum result.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.482-486
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• 2010

Recently, gesture recognition methods based on dynamic time warping (DTW) have been actively investigated as more mobile devices have equipped the accelerometer. DTW has no additional training step since it uses given samples as the matching templates. However, it is difficult to apply the DTW on mobile environments because of its computational complexity of matching step where the input pattern has to be compared with every templates. In order to address the problem, this paper proposes a gesture recognition method based on DTW that uses localized subset of templates. Here, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to divide each class into subclasses in which the most centered sample in each subclass is employed as the localized template. It increases the recognition speed by reducing the number of matches while it minimizes the errors by preserving the diversities of the training patterns. Experimental results showed that the proposed method was about five times faster than the DTW with all training samples, and more stable than the randomly selected templates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.418-420
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• 2008

얼굴 윤곽선 검출을 위해 그동안 많은 알고리즘이 연구되었다. 그리고 최근에 기존 Active Appearance Model(AAM)에 비해 성능이 개선된 Boosted Appearance Model (BAM)가 Liu에 의해제안되었다. BAM에서는 매 반복 단계마다 Steepest Descent 영상을 구해야 하는데 입력영상의 워핑을 해야 하므로 이것은 계산량이 많다. 본 논문은 BAM을 사용하면서 매번 계산되어야 하는 입력 영상의 워핑을 대신해 템플릿이 워핑함으로써 계산 시간을 줄일 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. 템플릿은 약한 분류기에 사용되는 Haar-like feature들로 이것은 입력 영상에 비해 크기가 매우 작으므로 제안된 방법을 사용하면 Steepest Descent 영상을 구하는데 필요한 워핑 속도를 줄일 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1119-1130
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• 2018

Writing letters or patterns on a virtual space by moving a person's gaze is called "eye writing," which is a promising tool for various human-computer interface applications. This paper investigates the use of conventional eye writing recognition algorithms for the purpose of user-independent recognition of eye-written characters. Two algorithms are presented to build the user-independent system: eye-written region extraction using wavelet coefficients and template generation. The experimental results of the proposed system demonstrated that with dynamic positional warping, an F1 score of 79.61% was achieved for 12 eye-written patterns, thereby indicating the possibility of user-independent use of eye writing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Computer Game
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.129-135
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• 2018

Electronic signatures, QR codes, and bar codes are used in payment systems used in real life. Research has begun on the payment system implemented in the VR environment. This paper proposes a VR electronic sign system that uses hand gesture recognition to implement an existing payment system in a VR environment. In a VR system, you can not hit the keyboard or touch the mouse. There can be several ways to configure a payment system with a VR controller. Electronic signage using hand gesture recognition is one of them, and hand gesture recognition can be classified by the Warping Methods, Statistical Methods, and Template Matching methods. In this paper, the payment system was configured in VR using the $p algorithm belonging to the Template Matching method. To create a VR environment, we implemented a paypal system where actual payment is made using Unity3D and Vive equipment.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.525-534
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• 2016

The biological wastewater treatment plant, which uses microbial community to remove organic matter and nutrients in wastewater, is known as its nonlinear behavior and uncertainty to operate. Therefore, operation of the biological wastewater treatment process much depends on observation and knowledge of operators. The manual inspection of human operators is essential to manage the process properly, however, it is impossible to detect a fault promptly so that the process can be exposed to improper condition not securing safe effluent quality. Among various process faults, equipment malfunction is critical to maintain normal operational state. To detect equipment faults automatically, the dynamic time warping was tested using on-line oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) profiles in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), which is a type of wastewater treatment process. After one cycle profiles of ORP and DO were measured and stored, they were warped to the template profiles which were prepared already and the distance result, accumulated distance (D) values were calculated. If the D values were increased significantly, some kinds of faults could be detected and an alarm could be sent to the operator. By this way, it seems to be possible to make an early detecting of process faults.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1074-1079
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• 2007

We will introduce speech/speaker recognition algorithm for the isolated word. In general case of speaker verification, Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is used to model the feature vectors of reference speech signals. On the other hand, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) based template matching technique was proposed for the isolated word recognition in several years ago. We combine these two different concepts in a single method and then implement in a real time speaker/speech recognition system. Using our proposed method, it is guaranteed that a small number of reference speeches (5 or 6 times training) are enough to make reference model to satisfy 90% of recognition performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.285-297
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• 2017

This study proposed a new approach to develop an Intelligent control algorithm for cooperative working of human and robot based on voice recognition. In general case of speaker verification, Gaussian Mixture Model is used to model the feature vectors of reference speech signals. On the other hand, Dynamic Time Warping based template matching techniques were presented for the voice recognition about several years ago. We converge these two different concepts in a single method and then implement in a real time voice recognition enough to make reference model to satisfy 95% of recognition performance. In this paper it was illustrated the reliability of voice recognition by simulation and experiments for humanoid robot with 18 joints.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.137-140
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• 2003

캐리커처의 일반적인 의미는 어떤 사람이나 사물의 특징을 추출하여 익살스럽게 풍자한 그림이나 글이다. 다시 말해, 캐리커처는 사람의 얼굴에서 특징을 잡아 과장하거나 왜곡하여 그린 데생이라고 한다. 컴퓨터를 이용한 기존의 캐리커처 제작방법으로는, 입력 이미지 좌표의 통계적인 차이값을 이용하는 PICASSO System 방법[1], 제작자의 애매한 느낌을 퍼지 논리를 이용하여 표현하는 방법, 이미지를 와핑하는 방법, 여러 단계의 벡터 필드 변환을 이용하는 방법등이 연구되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 또는 준비된 영상을 입력으로 받아 저장한 후, 네 단계의 과정으로 처리한 후 최종적으로 캐리커처된 이미지를 생성하게 된다. 각 단계별 처리 내용으로는 첫번째 단계에서는 영상에서 얼굴을 검출하고 두번째 단계에서는 특정 얼굴부위의 기하학적 정보를 좌표값으로 추출한다. 세번째 단계에서는 전 단계에서 얻은 좌표값으로 로컬 와핑 기법을 이용하여 영상을 변환한다. 네 번째 단계에서는 변형된 영상으로 퍼지 논리를 이용하여 보다 개선된 윤곽선 이미지로 변환하여 캐리커처 이미지를 얻는다. 본 논문에서는 영상 인식, 변환 및 윤곽선 검출 및 둥의 여러 가지 영상 처리 기법을 이용하여 기존의 캐리커처 제작 방식보다 간단하고, 복잡한 연산 과정이 없는 캐리커처 제작 시스템을 구현하였다.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2012

Recently the convergence of healthcare technology is used for daily life healthcare monitoring. Cardiac arrhythmia is presented by the state of the heart irregularity. Abnormal heart's electrical signal pathway or heart's tissue disorder could be the cause of cardiac arrhythmia. Fatal arrhythmia could put patient's life at risk. Therefore arrhythmia detection is very important. Previous studies on the detection of arrhythmia in various ECG analysis and classification methods had been carried out. In this paper, an ECG signal processing techniques to detect abnormal ECG based on DTW minimum accumulation distance through the template matching for normalized data and variable threshold method for ECG R-peak detection. Signal processing techniques able to determine the occurrence of normal ECG and abnormal ECG. Abnormal ECG detection algorithm using DTW minimum accumulation distance method is performed using MITBIH database for performance evaluation. Experiment result shows the average percentage accuracy of using the propose method for Rpeak detection is 99.63 % and abnormal detection is 99.60 %.