• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2009

The optical characterization of self-assembled InAs/AlAs Quantum Dots(QD) grown by MBE(Molecular Beam Epitaxy) was investigated by using Photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy. The influence of thin AlAs barrier on QDs were carried out by utilizing a pumping beam that has lower energy than that of the AlAs barrier. This provides the evidence for the tunneling of carriers from the GaAs layer, which results in a strong QD intensity compared to the GaAs at the 16 K PL spectrum. The presence of two QDs signals were found to be associated with the ground-states transitions from QDs with a bimodal size distribution made by the excitation power-dependent PL. From the temperature-dependent PL, the rapid red shift of the peak emission that was related to the QD2 from the increasing temperature was attributed to the coherence between the QDs of bimodal size distribution. A red shift of the PL peak of QDs emission and the reduction of the FWHM(Full Width at Half Maximum) were observed when the annealing temperatures ranged from 500 $^{\circ}C$ to 750 $^{\circ}C$, which indicates that the interdiffusion between the dots and the capping layer was caused by an improvement in the uniformity size of the QDs.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2019

A frozen fringe plays a key role in frost heave development in soils. Previous studies have focused on the physical and mechanical properties of the frozen fringe, such as overall hydraulic conductivity, water content and pore pressure. It has been proposed that the thickness of the frozen fringe controls frost heave behavior, but this effect has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study used a temperature-controllable cell to investigate the impact of frozen fringe thickness on the characteristics of frost heave. A series of laboratory tests was performed with various temperature boundary conditions and specimen heights, revealing that: (1) the amount and rate of development of frost heave are dependent on the frozen fringe thickness; (2) the thicker the frozen fringe, the thinner the resulting ice lens; and (3) care must be taken when using the frost heave ratio to characterize frost heave and evaluate frost susceptibility because the frost heave ratio is not a normalized factor but a specimen height-dependent factor.

• 센서학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2016

NDIR $CO_2$ gas sensor was built with ASIC implemented thermopile sensor which included temperature sensor and unique elliptical waveguide structures in this paper. The temperature dependency of dual infrared sensor module ($CO_2$ and reference IR sensors) has been characterized and its output voltage characteristics according to the temperature and gas concentration were proposed for the first time. NDIR $CO_2$ gas and reference IR sensors showed linear output voltages according to the variation of ambient temperatures from 243 K to 333 K and their slopes were 14.2 mV/K and 8.8 mV/K, respectively. The output voltages of temperature sensor also presented a linear dependency according to the ambient temperature and could be described with V(T)=-3.191+0.0148T(V). The output voltage ratio between $CO_2$ and reference IR sensors revealed irrelevant to the changes of ambient temperatures and gave a constant value around 1.6255 with standard deviation 0.008 at 0 ppm. The output voltage of $CO_2$ gas sensor at zero ppm $CO_2$ gas consisted of two components; one is caused by the HPB (half pass-band) of IR filter and the other is attributed to the part of $CO_2$ absorption wavelength. The characteristics of output voltages of $CO_2$ gas sensor could be accurately modeled with three parameters which are dependent upon the ambient temperatures and represented small average error less than 1.5% with 5% standard deviation.

• 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1991

비스페놀 A형 에폭시 수지에 $SiO_2$를 충진한 에폭시 복합재료의 단시간 절연파괴 특성을 충진제 첨가 함량의 변화, 주위온도(상온~[$190^{\circ}C$])의 변화 및 인가 전원의 종류별로 연구, 검토하였다. 연구결과, 절연파괴강도는 충진제 함량의 증가에 대해 일반적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 입자간 중심거리 d가 충진제함량이 증가함에 따라 감소하여 평균입자간격이 [$7.5\mu\textrm{m}$]이하가 되면 절연파괴 강도가 거의 일정한 값이 됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 교류전압을 인가하는 경우는 고온영역 ([$130^{\circ}C$]) 이상에서 충진된 에폭시수지가 무충진 에폭시수지보다 절연파괴강도가 증가하였다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2002

이방성 습식 식각기술을 이용하여 멤버레인을 제작하기 위하여 KOH 용액 및 KOH-IPA 혼합용액을 사용하여 단결정 실리콘 기판을 식각하였다. 단결정 실리콘의 식각속도는 식각 용액의 온도와 농도에 좌우되었으며, 식각 용액의 농도에 따라 식각 형태와 패턴 형성 방향이 달라짐도 관찰되었다. 식각을 위한 표면패턴은 실리콘웨이퍼의 primary flat에 $45^{\circ}$로 기울여 형성되었으며 KOH의 농도가 20 wt%로 유지되었을 때, 식각 용액의 온도 $80^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 U-groove, $80^{\circ}C$ 이하의 온도에서는 V-groove 식각 형태가 형성되었다. 각 면에 대한 식각속도 차이에 의해서 생기는 hillock은 온도와 농도가 높아짐에 따라 현저하게 줄어들었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.858-867
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• 1995

Characteristics of premixed flames in counter-flow system are numerically studied using a detailed chemical reaction mechanism including gas phase radiation. Without radiation effect accounted, low CO and high NO$_{x}$ emission indices are observed, when strain rate decreases, due to increased residence time and higher flame temperature. Higher NO$_{2}$ production has been also observed when two premixed flames are interacting or cold air stream is mixed with burned gas. The rate of NO$_{x}$ production and destruction is dependent upon the diffusional strength of H and OH radicals, the existence of NO and the concentration of HO$_{2}$. For radiating flames, the peak temperature and NO$_{x}$ production rate decreases as the strain rate decreases. At high strain rate, it is found that the effect of radiation on flame is little due to its negligible radiating volume. It is also found that NO$_{x}$ production from the interacting premixed flame is reduced due to reduced temperature resulting from radiation heat loss. It is concluded that the radiation from gas has significant effect of flame structure and on emission characteristics.ristics.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.538-546
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• 2008

In this paper, the constitutive equation is developed to analyze the characteristics of strain-induced plasticity in the range of low temperature of 316 stainless steel. The practical usefulness of the developed equations is evaluated by the comparison between experimental and numerical results. For 316 stainless steel, constitutive equations, which represent the characteristics of nonlinear material behavior under the cryogenic temperature environment, are developed using the Bodner's plasticity model. In order to predict the material behaviour such as damage accumulation, Bodner-Chan's damage model is implemented to the developed constitutive equations. Based on the developed constitutive equations, 3-D finite element analysis program is developed, and verified using experimental results.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2019

This study was carried out numerically to investigate the flow characteristics in the Venturi tube with $90^{\circ}$ T-branch tube and the inflow of condensed water into the Venturi tube from the branch tube. In this study, the diameter of the branch tube(1, 2, 3mm) and the neck diameter of the Venturi tube(0.3, 0.9, 1.5mm) were varied. The flow rate of the water at the Venturi tube inlet is 80cc/min and the water temperature is 288K. The condensed water temperature at the branch tube inlet is 355K. It was found that the velocity and pressure of the fluid near the branch point in the Venturi tube were more dependent on the diameter of the Venturi tube than the diameter of the branch tube. The temperature of the mixed water at the exit of the Venturi tube was the highest when the Venturi tube's neck diameter is 0.9mm and the branch tube diameter is 2mm. This means that the condensed water is flowing well through the branch tube.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.451-454
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• 2002

A silicone rubber has been used so many dielectric materials for extremely high voltage(EBW) electric appliances. The reason why it is very stable in the thermal, mechanical and electrical environment. In this paper, we have studied the dependence of dielectric characteristics of silicone rubber on frequency-dependent variation. The dielectric characteristics were measured in the temperature range of 25[$^{\circ}C$] and 150[$^{\circ}C$]. Also we measured in the voltage range of 1[V] and 20[V]. The energy of activation on the dielectric loss obtained 2.44[kcal/mol], 2.1[kcal/mol], 1.63[kcal/mol] and 1.57[kcal/mol] by appling respectively.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hole or crack on the Insulation characteristics of a PET films for EHV(Extra High Voltage) VT winding. The hole or the crack in the PET films was made and the insulation characteristics of them were measured. Ad an experimental result, it was shown hat he PDIV(Partial Discharge Inception Voltage) and the BDV(Breakdown Voltage) of the PET films with hole or crack were lower than those without them, and were markedly dependent on their position and temperature. Therefore, the hole and the crack affected to insulation characteristics of PET films for SF$_{6}$EHV(Extra High Voltage) VT Winding.g.