• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.219-232
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• 2013

This paper presents a microstrip antenna which recovers its resonant frequency and impedance shifted automatically by the approach of other objects such as hands. This can be used for telemetry sensor applications in the ultrahigh frequency(UHF) industrial, scientific, and medical(ISM) band. It is the key element that an frequency-reconfigurable antenna could be electrically controlled. This antenna is miniaturized by loading the folded plates at both radiating edges, and varactor diodes are installed between the radiating edges and the ground plane to control the resonant frequency by adjusting the DC bias asymmetrically. Using this voltage-controlled antenna and the micro controller peripheral circuits of reading the returned level, the antenna is designed and fabricated which recovers its resonant frequency and impedance automatically. Designed frequency auto recovering antenna is conformed to be recovered within a few seconds when the resonant frequency and impedance are shifted by the approach of other objects such as hand, metal plate, dielectric and so on.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-121
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify how nurse's image was perceived by nursing college students. The subjects included were 315 students experienced clinical practice during $20{\sim}22$ weeks and 134 students not with a total of 449 nursing students in Gwangju and Chonnam. The data were collected from November 21 to December 5, 2001 by the structured questionnaires. The research tool was measured by 30 items divided into four dimensions; traditional, professional, social and personal image of nurse. Cronbach $\alpha$ for the tool of nurse's image was 0.8960. The data were analysed by SPSS 8.0 for Windows program using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA and scheffe. The results of this study were as follows; 1. In the nurse's image related to general characteristics, there were significant differences for school graduation, applicative motivation, interpersonal relationship and image forming factor. 2. In the Image forming factors, nursing college students perceived the nurse's image by visiting hospital or admission(37.9%), watching TV(25.8) and others; nurses' appearance during clinical experience(16.3). 3. The mean score for nurse's image of clinical experience group (2.76$\pm$0.28) was lower than that of non-clinical experience group(2.89$\pm$0.31) in significance (t=4.319, p=0.000). 4. In the nurse's image according to clinical experience, there were significant differences for traditional, professional, social, personal image between two groups and the lower mean scores were found in the clinical experience group in all dimensions. The ranks of dimensions were professional image(3.08), traditional image(2.76), social image(2.65), the personal image(2.59) in clinical experience group, whereas professional image(3.21), traditional image(2.93), social image(2.75), personal image(2.71) for non-clinical experience group.5. The high score items of nurse's image were 'worthwhile work(3.48)', 'always working hard(3.30)', 'profession(3.17)', 'strong responsibility toward work(3.08)', 'have a high technical skill(3.05)' in clinical experience group and 'worthwhile work(3.69)', 'always working hard(3.28)', 'clean and decent(3.22)', 'profession(3.21)', 'have a bountiful professional knowledge(3.18)' in non-clinical experience group. 6. The highest mean score for nurse's image related to the image forming factors was 86.8 by novels or literature and the second highest was 84.3 by visiting hospital or admission. And others(mean=82.1)was the most negative nurse's image by clinical experience. In conclusion, nurse's image perceived by nursing college students will be the mirror of themselves. And clinical experience will be the important opportunity to form the professional image with white uniformed nurses in future. Therefore it is important for clinical nurses to play professional roles rightly so that nursing students could form positive nurse's image.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2020

As the urbanization trend in modern society continues, the concentration of the population induces the urban problems in the residential area. One of the well-known issues among various urban problems is the garbage problem, which causes deterioration of the residential environment of citizens and directly affects the satisfaction of municipal administration. Such garbage problem cannot be accurately predicted by analyzing the amount of waste emitted from residential areas, but it is necessary to analyze the lifestyle and characteristics of residents living in residential areas. In this study, we propose an agent-based residential modeling and simulation environment using discrete event system formalism to analyze the garbage problem and satisfaction level according to the distribution of residents in the residential area. To model the behavior of the residents, we utilized the Atomic Model to capture the temporal behavior. Also, we used the Coupled Model to model the multi-family and the building to enhance the reusability of the simulation model. Also, this study carried out simulation modeling and simulation for a multi-family residential area. The simulation results of the multi-family housing area show that considering the characteristics of the residents gives better results compared to the simulation results without considering the characteristics.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2017

Living modified crops are genetically modified living organisms and are widely used in biotechnical research and desired goods. As the reliance on LM products, concerns about safety of LMOs have been continuously increased in South Korea. We established the detection methods for unintentional released LMOs in environmental conditions. To detect six LM event genes of 1 canola, 1 maize and 4 soybeans, PCR conditions were based upon consideration of the Joint Research Centre information. Genomic DNAs were isolated from LM samples and PCR analysis were performed using each event-specific primer pair. Event-specific genes of all events were efficiently recognized by our methods. To investigate the insertion site of LM genes in each genome, we verified PCR product sequence by DNA sequencing. These results suggest that the LM event-specific gene amplification can be efficiently developed. In addition, our detection method is fit for monitoring and post-management of LM crops in the environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.218-224
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• 2008

Coal-, coconut- and wood-based activated carbons and anthracite were tested to evaluate adsorption and biodegradation performances of chloral hydrate. In the early stage of the operation, the adsorption was the main mechanism for the removal of chloral hydrate, however as increasing populations of attached bacteria, the bacteria played a major role in removing chloral hydrate in the activated carbon and anthracite biofilter. It was also investigated that chloral hydrate was readily subjected to biodegrade. The coal- and coconut-based activated carbons were found to be most effective adsorbents in adsorption of chloral hydrate. Highest populations and activity of attached bacteria were shown in the coal-based activated carbon. The populations and activity of attached bacteria decreased in the order: coconut-based activated carbon > wood-based activated carbon > anthracite. The attached bacteria was inhibited in the removal of chloral hydrate at temperatures below 10$^{\circ}C$. It was more active at higher water temperatures(20$^{\circ}C$ <) but less active at lower water temperature(10$^{\circ}C$>). The removal efficiencies of chloral hydrate obtained by using four different adsorbents were directly related to the water temperatures. Water temperature was the most important factor for removal of chloral hydrate in the anthracite biofilter because the removal of chloral hydrate depended mainly on biodegradation. Therefore, the main removal mechanism of chloral hydrate by applying activated carbon was both adsorption and biodegradation by the attached bacteria. The observation suggests that the application of coalbased activated carbon to the water treatment should be the best for the removal of chloral hydrate.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.479-485
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• 2016

Living modified (LM) crops are imported each year to South Korea as food and feeds, LM canola being one of the imported crops. The cultivation of LM crops is not permitted in South Korea but the import of these crops is increasing. In this study, we surveyed the environmental risk of imported LM canola at 9 provinces, from March 2009 to June 2013. Monitoring of canola was conducted around feed factories, roadsides, harbors, farmhouses, and flower festival regions. From the total of 595 canola samples collected from 1850 monitoring sites, we identified 6 LM canola samples. The LM canola samples were subjected to protein and DNA based analysis. PCR analyses using approved 5 single event primers (T45, MS8, RT73, Rf3 and Topas 19-2) revealed that two crops were glyphosate-resistant LM canolas, and four were glufosinate-resistant LM canolas. This study suggested that environmental monitoring is a useful research tool to manage LM crops unintentionally introduced into the environment in South Korea. This result can be used as a basis for future post-management of canola crops.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.595-607
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were to identify the phenomena of school health nursing at schools in Korea and to contribute to building a school health domain of International Classification for Nursing Practice. A retrospective method was used in this study to develop ICNP during the period from July to October 200l. The procedure of the study involved choosing nursing phenomena using preliminary terms from the reports on the field of school health nursing practice documented by nursing students in 10 different nursing colleges. The detail procedures of the study were as follows. 1) Choosing nursing phenomena by using preliminary terms 2) Choosing the characteristics of school health nursing practice from the selected nursing phenomena 3) In order to make a consensus regarding the appropriate characteristics of phenomena. 15 study group members re-categorized the nursing phenomena through 5 times of cyber meetings and 3 times of formal meetings. 4) To verify each characteristic, 5 community nursing faculties and 25 school health nurses participated in the procedure to give scores on nursing characteristics. 5) Classification of the definite nursing phenomena and characteristics. Following the 5 step procedures, school health nursing phenomena were categorized into human and environmental domains. Human domains were classified into human behavioral and functional domains. Environmental domains were classified into physical and psychosocial domains. The essential characteristics of each phenomena were selected when it obtains the mean score of 3.0 or over at the related characteristics. The human behavioral domain consisted of 7 phenomena including risk for spinal disorder, inadequate dietary habit, inadequate weight control, smoking and substance abuse, inadequate stress management, inadequate sex related coping strategies and inadequate accident management. The human functional domain consisted of 6 phenomena including inadequate eye care and visual management, risk for respiratory disorder, inadequate dental health care, inappropriate infectious disease control, risk for gastrointestinal disorder, and lack of sexual identity. The physical environmental domain consisted of 6 phenomena including risk for incident at inside classroom, risk for incident at outside classroom, risk for incident around school, risk for exposure to hazardous facilities around school. inadequate garbage and disposal management, and inadequate physical environment for learning. The psychosocial domain included impaired social interaction at school. Each phenomenon was composed of 2 to 8 characteristics and all phenomena will include a total number of 85 characteristics. The phenomena of school health nursing in Korea partially confirmed school health architecture of ICNP. Further study on verification of school health nursing phenomena in Korea needs to be done to support the findings of this study through review of literature on nursing classifications or field studies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2281-2292
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• 2013

This study was to examine the influential factors of smartphone overuse in health college students. The subjects of this study were randomly selected from the departments of Emergency Medical Technology, Physical Therapy and Health Administration at G College in G metropolitan city and 250 subjects were sampled. After explaining the purposes of the research from Oct. 22 to 25, 2012 and obtaining their consent to take part in the research, structured self-administered questionnaire was given and examined. Final 223 data were collected and used for analysis with SPSS 12.0 for Window. To sum up the results of the research, it was confirmed that the motives of using smartphone were highest in entertainment and leisure on withdrawal of overuse sub-factors, ostentation and trend on tolerance, entertainment and leisure on compulsion and obsession, ostentation and trend on life inconvenience and side-effects, and entertainment and leisure throughout its overuse motives. Therefore, development and application of preventive education programs on overuse smartphone use with health college students are urgently required and practical personal counseling and management for overuse smartphone users should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.56-65
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• 2019

This study examined effects of 12 weeks of body weight based combined exercise training (resistance training for 30 min, aerobic training for 30min) on body composition (% body fat, lean body mass, fat mass and BMI (body mass index)) and cardiovascular factors (ankle-brachial index (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)) in elderly women. A total of 32 subjects participated in this study, and were randomly divided into either exercise group (n = 16, EG) or control group (n = 16, CG). All variables at pre-test were analyzed by independent t-test for baseline test, and all data post the study period were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA with contrast testing (α = 0.05). Our results indicate that body composition (% body fat, lean body mass, fat mass and BMI) in both EG and CG do not differ significantly. However, the right and left sides of baPWV in EG was significantly reduced, as compared to CG. Taken together, these results indicate that combined exercise training for 12 weeks positively influences the cardiovascular factors, and may prevent cardiovascular diseases in elderly females (over 65 years), thereby resulting in increased quality of life for the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.12 s.159
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• pp.1800-1809
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• 2006

The wearable technology takes the concept of clothing over its limits -integrating software, communication devices, and sensors into the garments to enable them to 'think' for the wearer. A dress is no longer just a dress, but a dress as well as a wearable computer interface. This wearable computer network transports the data power and control signals within the wearer's personal space. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the wearable technology from a commercial perspective. On this theme I made a survey and interviewed 20 men and 20 women in London to find out if many people are familiar with the concept of the wearable technology. The main results of this study include: Firstly, according to the survey, people are not familiar with the concept of the wearable technology, and further people thought negatively about the wearable computer rather than positively they worried about hish prices, inappropriate technology and side effects. Secondly, people are especially interested in items related to health and security, so in this area there are huge potential opportunities for the wearable technology, Finally, wearable technology needs to be a simplified set of interactive devices, which are in a user friendly format for marketability because convenience was one of the biggest concern for consumers. Therefore, development of the wearable computer should be promoted not only through computer engineering but also through the connection with human lift.