• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1267-1274
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• 2017

A Controlled Low-Strength Materials (CLSM) is suitable for mine backfilling because it does not require compaction owing to it high fluidity and can be installed quickly. Therefore, a CLSM utilizing $CO_2$-solidified Circulating Fluidzed Bed Combustion (CFBC) coal ash was developed and it's properties were investigated, since. $CO_2$-solidification of CFBC coal ash can inhibit exudation of heavy metals. The chemical composition and specific surface area of Pulverized coal Combustion fly ash and CFBC fly ash were analyzed. The water ratio, compressive strength and length change ratio of CLSM were confirmed. The water ratios differed with the specific surface area of the CLSM. It was confirmed that the porosity of CLSM affected its compressive strength and length change ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.60-66
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.432-438
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.186-191
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• 1999

Results are shown on the preparation and characterization of homopolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate(MOI) ad copolymers of MOI with styrene synthesized by radical polymerization. The significant effectiveness of the polymers as additives for paper dry and wet strength was found. Dry strength can be increased by 75% and wet strength retention of sheets can reach 30% based on the increased dry strength and about 50% based on the dry strength of untreated sheet. Based on isocyanate group consumption, copolymers containing less isocyanate can give better effect than homopolymer in sheet wet strength improvement. Furthermore, the base paper containing a small amount of polyallylamine hydrochloride was used for polymer treatment and got higher wet strength improvement.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.28-31
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• 2006

Due to the miniaturization of MEMS and microelectronics the joining techniques also have to be adjusted. The dosing technology with viscous adhesives does not permit reproducible adhesive volumes, which are clearly under a nano-liter. A nano-liter means however a diameter of bonding area within the range of several 100 micrometers. Additional, viscous adhesives need a certain time, until they are cross linked or cured. The problem especially in the MEMS is the initial strength, since it gives the time, which is needed for joining an individual adhesive joint. The time up to the initial strength is with viscous, also with fast curing systems, within the range of seconds until minutes. Until the reach of the initial strength, the micro part must be fixed/held. Without sufficient adjustment/clamping it can come to a shift of the micro parts. Also existing micro adhesive bonding processes are not batch able, i.e. the individual adhesive joints of a micro system must be processed successively. In the context of the WCARP III 2006 now an innovative method is to be presented, how it is possible to solve the existing problems with micro bonding. i.e. a method is presented, which is batch able, possess a minimum joining geometry with some micrometers and is so fast that no problems with the initial strength arise. It is a method, which could revolutionize the sticking technology in the micro system engineering.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.60-65
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• 2015

In order to improve the strength of paper, mixing ratio of Sw-BKP and Hw-BKP and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) fibers dosage were investigated. When the Sw-BKP fraction was increased, strength properties were increased because of average fibers length increased. When PVA fraction increased, paper strength was increased, but there was dissolution of PVA in water. The reason for improving handsheet strength that contained PVA was due to increased bonding action between the fibers by the PVA. The addition of PVA to kraft pulp would be helpful for packaging paper materials to increase strength and fracture toughness.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 2012

As a first step to apply PVAm (polyvinylamine) on packaging paper by surface treatment, three types of linerboards were impregnated with PVAm solution. The effect of PVAm pick-up on strength properties of linerboard was investigated. The pick-up of PVAm was controlled by varying concentration of PVAm solution. It was found that dry tensile strength, tensile energy absorption, burst strength and compressive strength of linerboard were increased by applying PVAm. In addition, wet tensile strength was significantly improved with increasing PVAm pick-up. However, folding endurance was found to be decreased with increasing PVAm pick-up.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.290-307
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to estimate adverse effect on compression strength of corrugated fiberboard containers due to vibration during distribution process. Distribution environment such as road conditions and compression strength of corrugated fiberboard containers for selected agricultural products were studied. We found that increasing humidity does not effect significantly on natural frequencies of boxes, but results in accelerative effect to decrease compression strength of boxes. Box structures and product types also effect on loss of compression strength greatly.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.453-457
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• 2006

This study investigated the extractability, solubility, Mg$^{2+}$-, Ca$^{2+}$- and EDTA-ATPase activity of actomyosin prepared from leg and breast muscle of dog meat. The actomyosin extractability of breast muscle(2,100.6 mg/l00 g) was higher than that of leg muscle(500.8 mg/l00 g). The Mg$^{2+}$-ATPase activity of actomyosin had a high ionic strength of 0.02$\sim$0.05 M KCI and did not differ between leg and breast muscle. The Ca$^{2+}$-ATPase activity of actomyosin had a high ionic strength of 0.02$\sim$0.10 M KCI and leg muscle had a higher level of Ca$^{2+}$-ATPase activity than breast muscle did. The EDTA-ATPase activity was lower in low ionic strength and showed higher in high ionic strength, and increased sharply with increasing ionic strength up to 0.3 M KCI. The solubility of actomyosin did not differ between leg and breast muscle, and the solubility started and ended at KCI concentrations of 0.35 M and 0.4 M, respectively.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.413-429
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• 2013

The primary aim of this study is to develop a three dimensional finite element (FE) model to predict the axial stress-strain relationship and ultimate strength of the FRP-wrapped UHPC columns by comparing experimental results. The reliability of four selected confinement models and three design codes such as ACI-440, CSA-S806-02, and ISIS CANADA is also evaluated in terms of agreement with the experimental results. Totally 6 unconfined and 36 different types of the FRP-wrapped UHPC columns are tested under monotonic axial compression. The values of ultimate strengths of FRP-wrapped UHPC columns obtained from the experimental results are compared and verified with finite element (FE) analysis results and the design codes mentioned above. The concrete damage plasticity model (CDPM) in Abaqus is utilized to represent the confined behavior of the UHPC. The results indicate that agreement between the test results and the non-linear FE analysis results is highly satisfactory. The CSA-S806-02 design code is considered more reliable than the ACI-440 and the ISIS CANADA design codes to calculate the ultimate strength of the FRP-wrapped UHPC columns. None of the selected confinement models that are developed for FRP-wrapped low and normal strength concrete columns can safely predict the ultimate strength of FRP-wrapped UHPC columns.