• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.378.2-378.2
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• 2016

Biosensors currently suffer from severe non-specific adsorption of proteins, which causes false positive errors in detection through overestimation of the affinity value. Overcoming this technical issue motivates our research. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is well known for its ability to reduce the adsorption of biomolecules; hence, it is widely used in various areas of medicine and other biological fields. Likewise, amine functionalized surfaces are widely used for biochemical analysis, drug delivery, medical diagnostics and high throughput screening such as biochips. As a result, many coating techniques have been introduced, one of which is plasma polymerization - a powerful coating method due to its uniformity, homogeneity, mechanical and chemical stability, and excellent adhesion to any substrate. In our previous works, we successfully fabricated plasmapolymerized PEG (PP-PEG) films [1] and amine functionalized films [2] using the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique. In this research, an amine functionalized PP-PEG film was fabricated by using the plasma co-polymerization technique with PEG 200 and ethylenediamine (EDA) as co-precursors. A biocompatible amine functionalized film was surface characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The density of the surface amine functional groups was carried out by quantitative analysis using UV-visible spectroscopy. We found through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis that non-specific protein adsorption was drastically reduced on amine functionalized PP-PEG films. Our functionalized PP-PEG films show considerable potential for biotechnological applications such as biosensors.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.649-657
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• 2018

It is essential that weapons which are mounted on aircraft need to prove its reliability and safety during its developments. A guided missile should have high reliability and safety throughout various tests which are including ground tests, captive flight tests, detailed technical tests and operational tests. In these various tests, it is vital that software of each component in the guided missile should be easily updated in order to correct algorithms or errors. In this paper, we propose a software update technique based on MDTP(mass data transfer protocol) which are defined in MIL-STD-1760. The proposed techniques have the following advantages: First, software of each unit in a weapon can be updated through a test equipment without disassemble a guided missile. Second, development periods for a software update can be reduced by reusing MDTP. Third, we can easily maintenance of the software because it is based on standard. We proved its efficiency and validity through experiments. Therefore, the proposed technique should be effectively utilized for software update of a weapon mounted on an aircraft during development processes.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop EOG system for collecting eye movement patterns to investigate visual function and position and the level of balancing. This small and partable wireless EOG system was enabled to collect stable signals without hindering any kind of sports movement. This system was consist of four parts: amplifier, main process with wireless transmitter, receiver, and display. Three EOG electrodes were used and placed on right(+), left(-) sides of eyes, and between eyes as a reference. This system was possible to measure signals for relatively long duration but the degeneration of electrodes may magnify measurement errors when collecting time was getting longer. Thus, dry electrodes may be applied to the system when long term measurement is needed for future studies.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2015

Purpose: Panoramic radiographs taken using conventional chin-support devices have often presented problems with positioning accuracy and reproducibility. The aim of this report was to propose a new bite block for panoramic radiographs of anterior edentulous patients that better addresses these two issues. Materials and Methods: A new panoramic radiography bite block similar to the bite block for dentulous patients was developed to enable proper positioning stability for edentulous patients. The new bite block was designed and implemented in light of previous studies. The height of the new bite block was 18 mm and to compensate for the horizontal edentulous space, its horizontal width was 7 mm. The panoramic radiographs using the new bite block were compared with those using the conventional chin-support device. Results: Panoramic radiographs taken with the new bite block showed better stability and bilateral symmetry than those taken with the conventional chin-support device. Patients also showed less movement and more stable positioning during panoramic radiography with the new bite block. Conclusion: Conventional errors in panoramic radiographs of edentulous patients could be caused by unreliability of the chin-support device. The newly proposed bite block for panoramic radiographs of edentulous patients showed better reliability. Further study is required to evaluate the image quality and reproducibility of images with the new bite block.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.58-67
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• 2008

In this paper, we first point out difficulties faced by CG artists in the shading process: (1) a lot of technical details on shaders required, (2) long rendering time, and (3) repeated trials-and-errors. To make them overcome such difficulties, we propose Shader Space Navigator, a system that efficiently searches for shaders similar to a given query shader from a shader database containing a large number of quality shaders. With Shader Space Navigator, CG artists find appropriate shaders from the database that are very close to the final result shader, and thus complete the shading process easily by slightly tuning some attributes of those shaders. Thus, the CG artists can create their final shaders in an intuitive and efficient way without a large number of time-consuming rendering processes. Also, we deal with implementation issues related to Shader Space Navigator and constructing an abundant shader database in detail.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.26-32
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• 2015

Carbon dioxide principally extinguishes fires by smothering, but an acceptable amount of extinguishing agent is needed. To assure the performance of carbon dioxide systems in Korea, computer programs certified by NEMA are being applied in system design. But the design errors can occur because the geometry of a model test facility is not the same as that of the actual fire area. Since the discharge rate tends to vary considerably with the flow pattern in a pipe, an on-site discharge test is necessary to ensure the performance of the system, especially with low pressure carbon dioxide. Technical standards for carbon dioxide systems do not give detailed guidelines for discharge tests at present. Based on comparative analysis of standards and practical tests, this paper suggests a methodology for on-site discharge tests.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.296-301
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• 2017

This study researched the status and prospect of a natural dye program in Gyeongsang region that focused on private centers with sufficient infrastructure and abundant human resources were available for natural dyes. The entire site for metropolitan cities that have difficulty in securing the land are limited (as well as smaller) because they are closer to the city; in addition, they do not own the drying house and the agricultural land for natural dyes. It is understood that the one-time program of all centers researched help to promote and maintain the centers rather than generating profit; in addition, it is shown that Jun - Aug (summer) is preferred over Dec - Feb (winter). This program uses natural indigo; consequently, natural dye program for hobby and education is operated when it is required because the number of participants are low in most cases, Persimmon Juice is used for the dyeing raw materials. Programs in operation are often outsourced with other institutes registered under private certification system; therefore, many cases of starting business are found in the institutes operating programs directly after obtaining the certification. Their plans do not allow for investment in facility such as enlargement of experience center and prospect of program; in addition, business value is generally bright for business strategies that include an exhibition shop for natural dye products and program development.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.461-466
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• 2005

Despite the major advances in the microvascular surgery with success rates of up to 98%, failure and vascular complications still remain even in the experienced hands. Failure of blood to flow across an anastomosis is usually caused by three factors: (1) Technical errors; (2) Undetected damage more proximally or via vasospasm; or (3) A clot or a thrombus. The success of a microvascular surgery depends on the severity of the vascular injury and, proper debridement of an injured vessel, and the failure rate of microvascular anastomosis in cases of trauma is higher as the thrombogenic possibility is increased by the endothelial damage. From January to November in 2003, 460 patients were underwent microvascular surgery(270 replantations and 190 free flap transfers) and re-operations were performed in 15 cases. Cases were reviewed by clinical and operative records. In these cases, causes of post-operative circulation insufficiency were identified as 9 vascular spasms and 6 thromboses at the previous anastomotic site. The average of re-operative success rate was 73%(60% in replantations and 100% in free flaps). In conclusion, through precise postoperative monitoring and assessment, immediate surgical re-exploration could be performed when a vascular complication is suspicious, the success rate of microvascular surgery would be increased more.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2020

The KSLV-II project with high difficulties technically requires thorough technical management during long-term life cycle more than 10 years for launching into space. The TRL is a quantitative indicator developed by NASA widely used all over the world to measure technology maturity of a system development objectively and consistently. The TRL is also used to make sure technology level and to establish a future direction in the KSLV-II project. The TRL has advantage enable to identify a technology level through quantitative indicators. However, it takes a lot of efforts such as trials and errors, time and cost to apply it to the project considering the project environments, and stakeholder needs. These include not only to establish TRL management plan from ideal, conceptual and abstractive standards/guidelines such as NASA's, but also to construct TRL management environment enable to apply and manage harmoniously. In the KSLV-II project, it is required to figure out current technology level and technology development trend in the future, to access conveniently, to share related data in real time, and to update periodically for the comprehensive TRL management. From the reason above, the TRL management environment was built by using the systems engineering tool already has been used for other system management data such as requirements in the project. It also could be accomplished a practical management basis of systems engineering from the traceability among system management data including TRL. In this paper, case study results are introduced to manage the TRL for the space launch vehicle using the systems engineering tool in the KSLV-II project.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 2002

Nowadays, many countries are interested in using CPS far navigation system of aircrafts, because it has technical and economic benefits. For the CPS based navigation system, the most important thing is reliability of the system. GPS navigation solution is very accurate. But when some faults are raised in the CPS navigation system of an aircraft, if they cannot be detected and alerts are not generated for pilots, the aircraft cannot be safe. So, I implemented an DGPS integrity monitoring system that detects faults of measurements and exclude the fault measurement from the satellite constellation used for calculating a navigation solution. This paper introduces 'the Least Square Residual Method' used to detect faults of measurements and the implemented real time integrity monitoring system using DGPS. To test the system, I operated the system under many different conditions. And from analysis of the data recorded, I could conclude that when the number of visible satellites was enough to detect faults, the system could detect the faults of measurements perfectly, isolate and exclude the fault measurement well. But for more reliable system, the measurement errors must be estimated more accurately and integrations of CPS and other instruments must be developed.